scholarly journals Trophic strategies of two sympatric endemic pigeons in insular ecosystems: a framework for understanding spatiotemporal frugivory interactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Marrero ◽  
Manuel Nogales
Keyword(s):  
Insular Ecosystems

scholarly journals Future climate change vulnerability of endemic island mammals

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Leclerc ◽  
Franck Courchamp ◽  
Céline Bellard
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Insular Ecosystems

Abstract Despite their high vulnerability, insular ecosystems have been largely ignored in climate change assessments, and when they are investigated, studies tend to focus on exposure to threats instead of vulnerability. The present study examines climate change vulnerability of islands, focusing on endemic mammals and by 2050 (RCPs 6.0 and 8.5), using trait-based and quantitative-vulnerability frameworks that take into account exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Our results suggest that all islands and archipelagos show a certain level of vulnerability to future climate change, that is typically more important in Pacific Ocean ones. Among the drivers of vulnerability to climate change, exposure was rarely the main one and did not explain the pattern of vulnerability. In addition, endemic mammals with long generation lengths and high dietary specializations are predicted to be the most vulnerable to climate change. Our findings highlight the importance of exploring islands vulnerability to identify the highest climate change impacts and to avoid the extinction of unique biodiversity.

Value Creation and Commercialization in Insular Ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Lopes ◽  
Luís Farinha ◽  
João J. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
New Model ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
Resources And Capabilities ◽  
Insular Ecosystems

This article aims to evaluate the resources and capabilities in insular regions, and also to understand how value creation and commercialization take place in the existing ecosystems. A qualitative research methodology was followed through a case study, incorporating interviews with incubators managers of the insular regions of Portugal (Azores and Madeira). The results show some difficulties as a result of the ecosystem's insularity. To shorten the insular regions dissymmetry compared to other non-insular regions, a new model is proposed to help these regions overcome their economic and social problems.

scholarly journals Diversity, invasive species and extinctions in insular ecosystems

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1114-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Josh Donlan ◽  
Chris Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Insular Ecosystems

scholarly journals Diversity Patterns and Community Structure of the Ground-Associated Macrofauna along the Beach-Inland Transition Zone of Small Tropical Islands

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Sebastian Steibl ◽  
Robert Sigl ◽  
Paul E. Bräumer ◽  
Victoria Clauß ◽  
Simon Goddemeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Tropical Islands ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Taxa Richness ◽  
Insular Ecosystems

Biodiversity follows distinct and observable patterns. Where two systems meet, biodiversity is often increased, due to overlapping occurrence ranges and the presence of specialized species that can tolerate the dynamic conditions of the transition zone. One of the most pronounced transition zones occurs at shores, where oceans and terrestrial habitat collide, forming the shore–inland transition zone. The relevance of this transition zone in shaping a system’s community structure is particularly pronounced on small islands due to their high shore-to-inland-area ratio. However, the community structure of insular faunas along this transition zone is unknown. Here, we investigated the diversity patterns along the beach–inland transition zone of small islands and tested the hypothesis that species diversity increases toward the transition zone where beach and interior habitat meet. By measuring environmental parameters, resource availability, and ground-associated macrofauna diversity along transects running across the beach–inland transition zone, we show that a gradual change in species composition from beach to the inland exists, but neither taxa richness, diversity, nor overall abundance changed significantly. These findings offer important insights into insular community structure at the transition zone from sea to land that are relevant to better understand the dynamic and unique characteristics of insular ecosystems.

scholarly journals Invasion of Montpellier snake Malpolon monspessulanus (Hermann, 1809) on Mallorca: new threat to insular ecosystems in an internationally protected area

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-219
Author(s):  
Maria Febrer-Serra ◽  
Nil Lassnig ◽  
Esperança Perelló ◽  
Víctor Colomar ◽  
Gabriela Picó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Insular Ecosystems

scholarly journals Giants Among Dwarfs: The Arrival Of A New Clade Of Southern Dinosaurs In The Latest Cretaceous Of Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernat Vila ◽  
Albert Selles ◽  
Miguel Moreno-Azanza ◽  
Novella Razzolini ◽  
Alejandro Gil-Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
South American ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Island Rule ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Regional Sea Level ◽  
Dispersal Routes ◽  
Insular Ecosystems

Abstract The origin of the last sauropod dinosaur communities in Europe and their evolution in the last 15 million years of the Cretaceous has become a complex phylogenetic and paleobiogeographic puzzle portrayed by the controversy on the alleged coexistence of immigrant Gondwana-related taxa alongside relictual and insular clades. In this context, here we describe a new titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur, Abditosaurus kuhnei gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Tremp Group of Catalonia (Spain). Phylogenetic analyses recover Abditosaurus separately from the rest of European titanosaurs, within a clade of South American and African saltasaurines. The affinity of the new taxon with southern landmasses is reinforced by the spatiotemporal co-occurrence with Gondwanan titanosaur oospecies in southern Europe. The large size and the lack of osteohistological features related to insular dwarfism support the idea that Abditosaurus belongs to an immigrant lineage, unequivocally distinct from the island dwarfs of the European archipelago. The arrival of Abditosaurus lineage to the Ibero-Armorican island is hypothesized to have occurred at the earliest Maastrichtian (72 Ma), probably as a result of a global and regional sea-level drop that reactivated the ancient dispersal routes between NW Africa and SW Europe. The arrival of large-bodied titanosaurs to the European archipelago produced dramatic changes in the insular ecosystems and important evolutionary changes in the dinosaur faunas, especially with respect to the ‘island rule’ effect.

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