DNA methylation predicts immune gene expression in introduced house sparrows Passer domesticus

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly J. Kilvitis ◽  
Aaron W. Schrey ◽  
Alexandria K. Ragsdale ◽  
Alejandro Berrio ◽  
Steve M. Phelps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
House Sparrows ◽  
Immune Gene Expression

scholarly journals Epigenetic potential affects immune gene expression in house sparrows

2021 ◽  
Vol 224 (6) ◽  
pp. jeb238451
Author(s):  
Haley E. Hanson ◽  
Cedric Zimmer ◽  
Bilal Koussayer ◽  
Aaron W. Schrey ◽  
J. Dylan Maddox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
House Sparrows ◽  
Native Birds ◽  
Fine Tune ◽  
Increase Gene Expression

ABSTRACTEpigenetic mechanisms may play a central role in mediating phenotypic plasticity, especially during range expansions, when populations face a suite of novel environmental conditions. Individuals may differ in their epigenetic potential (EP; their capacity for epigenetic modifications of gene expression), which may affect their ability to colonize new areas. One form of EP, the number of CpG sites, is higher in introduced house sparrows (Passer domesticus) than in native birds in the promoter region of a microbial surveillance gene, Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4), which may allow invading birds to fine-tune their immune responses to unfamiliar parasites. Here, we compared TLR4 gene expression from whole blood, liver and spleen in house sparrows with different EP, first challenging some birds with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), to increase gene expression by simulating a natural infection. We expected that high EP would predict high inducibility and reversibility of TLR4 expression in the blood of birds treated with LPS, but we did not make directional predictions regarding organs, as we could not repeatedly sample these tissues. We found that EP was predictive of TLR4 expression in all tissues. Birds with high EP expressed more TLR4 in the blood than individuals with low EP, regardless of treatment with LPS. Only females with high EP exhibited reversibility in gene expression. Further, the effect of EP varied between sexes and among tissues. Together, these data support EP as one regulator of TLR4 expression.

Impact of cinnamaldehyde on innate immunity and immune gene expression in Channa striatus against Aphanomyces invadans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramasamy Harikrishnan ◽  
Gunapathy Devi ◽  
Chellam Balasundaram ◽  
Hien Van Doan ◽  
Sanchai Jaturasitha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Channa Striatus ◽  
Immune Gene Expression

scholarly journals Cell-autonomous immune gene expression is repressed in pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and small cell lung cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Cai ◽  
Hongyu Liu ◽  
Fang Huang ◽  
Junya Fujimoto ◽  
Luc Girard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Immune Gene Expression ◽  
Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is classified as a high-grade neuroendocrine (NE) tumor, but a subset of SCLC has been termed “variant” due to the loss of NE characteristics. In this study, we computed NE scores for patient-derived SCLC cell lines and xenografts, as well as human tumors. We aligned NE properties with transcription factor-defined molecular subtypes. Then we investigated the different immune phenotypes associated with high and low NE scores. We found repression of immune response genes as a shared feature between classic SCLC and pulmonary neuroendocrine cells of the healthy lung. With loss of NE fate, variant SCLC tumors regain cell-autonomous immune gene expression and exhibit higher tumor-immune interactions. Pan-cancer analysis revealed this NE lineage-specific immune phenotype in other cancers. Additionally, we observed MHC I re-expression in SCLC upon development of chemoresistance. These findings may help guide the design of treatment regimens in SCLC.

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