Inter-annual variability and long-term trends in breeding success in a declining population of migratory swans

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Wood ◽  
Julia L. Newth ◽  
Geoff M. Hilton ◽  
Bart A. Nolet ◽  
Eileen C. Rees
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Success ◽  
Annual Variability ◽  
Long Term Trends

Relationship between arrival date, hatching date and breeding success of the white stork (Ciconia ciconia) in Slovakia

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Fulin ◽  
Leszek Jerzak ◽  
Tim Sparks ◽  
Piotr Tryjanowski
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Success ◽  
White Stork ◽  
Hatching Date ◽  
Ciconia Ciconia ◽  
Arrival Dates ◽  
Spring Arrival ◽  
First Arrival ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Migrant Birds

AbstractChanges in the spring arrival dates of migrant birds have been reported from a range of locations and many authors have focused on long-term trends and their relationship to temperature and other climatic events. Perhaps more importantly, changed arrival dates may have consequences for the breeding dates of birds which strongly influence breeding success. In this paper we take the opportunity provided by a monitoring scheme of the white stork (Ciconia ciconia) to examine several features of the timing of arrival and breeding in relation to chick production in Slovakia during the period 1978–2002. First arrival dates ranged from 5th March to 30th April, and hatching dates varied between 26th April and 8th July. Generally, early arriving pairs started breeding earlier and a shorter interval between the arrival of the first partner and breeding, expressed here as hatching date, resulted in higher breeding success.

scholarly journals METHANE IN THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE ATMOSPHERE: CURRENT CONTENT, LONG-TERM TRENDS, AND INTRA-ANNUAL VARIABILITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
V.V. Kuzovkin ◽  
◽  
S.M. Semenov ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Methane Concentration ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Annual Variability ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Term Trends

The article deals with the empirical analysis of series of monthly mean concentrations of methane in the near-surface layer of the atmosphere from the global network of monitoring stations. They operate within the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) under the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The data is freely available at the World Data Center for Greenhouse Gases GAW/WMO (WDCGG) on its website https://gaw.kishou.go.jp/. The temporal coverage is from the 1980s. Data series from 69 stations are considered, of which 22 stations represent global background conditions. The rest of the stations are regional. Long-term trends in concentrations and the intra-annual (inter-monthly) deviations of monthly mean concentrations from long-term trends were studied. The multi-year trend was estimated using a series of 12-month running averages. To exclude systematic differences in methane concentrations, these series were adjusted to the series for the high-latitude Arctic station Alert (82° 30' N, 62° 21' W). The analysis showed that long-term trends are non-linear (in particular, a known pause in the growth of methane levels in 1999-2006 is observed), but are similar at most stations under consideration. Exceptions are six regional stations classified as “abnormal” in terms of methane. Possibly, this abnormality is due to the influence of certain sources of methane (anthropogenic or natural). Long-term trends at the rest of the stations just slightly differ from the average trend for the global stations. The series of intra-annual (inter-monthly) deviations of monthly mean concentrations from long-term trends for many stations (even those located at very significant distances from each other) show high correlative similarity. However, this similarity manifests itself at an optimal time shift from 5 months towards earlier dates up to 6 months towards later dates. The results of the analysis are consistent with the assumption that the intra-annual variability in methane concentration is largely driven by seasonal factors that are significantly related to latitude, such as vertical mixing in the atmosphere and destruction in the troposphere in reactions with hydroxyl. The root-mean-square values of intra-annual (inter-monthly) fluctuations in methane concentration depend significantly on latitude. In general, the higher the latitude is, the greater is the value. The maximum values are reached in the latitudinal belt within 45-50° N, and further to the North the values decrease. This feature of intra-annual fluctuations in the level of methane content may be explained, among other things, by significant inter-seasonal fluctuations in anthropogenic methane emissions occurring at the indicated latitudes in the countries with developed economies located in North America and Western Europe. The correlations of the series of intra-annual (inter-monthly) fluctuations of the monthly mean concentrations of CH4 and CO2 were estimated as rather high, about 0.8, at optimal time shifts, which is observed both at some polar stations and at tropical ones. This confirms the assumption that natural seasonal biogeochemical and geophysical processes play a significant role in the formation of intra-annual (inter-monthly) deviations of methane and carbon dioxide content in the near-surface layer from long-term trends. These processes include vertical mixing of air, CO2 absorption on the Earth’s surface, and destruction of methane in the troposphere in reactions with hydroxyl.

Long-term trends in albatross diets in relation to prey availability and breeding success

2020 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Mills ◽  
José C. Xavier ◽  
Stuart Bearhop ◽  
Yves Cherel ◽  
Stephen C. Votier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Success ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Long Term Trends

Long-term trends in the population size and breeding success of emperor penguins at the Taylor Glacier colony, Antarctica

Polar Biology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Robertson ◽  
Barbara Wienecke ◽  
Louise Emmerson ◽  
Alexander D. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Emperor Penguins ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Taylor Glacier
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