Hatching date vs laying date: what should we look at to study avian optimal timing of reproduction?

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Tomás
Keyword(s):  
Laying Date ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Hatching Date ◽  
Timing Of Reproduction

scholarly journals Climate warming may affect the optimal timing of reproduction for migratory geese differently in the low and high Arctic

Oecologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 191 (4) ◽  
pp. 1003-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Lameris ◽  
Margje E. de Jong ◽  
Michiel P. Boom ◽  
Henk P. van der Jeugd ◽  
Konstantin E. Litvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Laying Date ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Barnacle Goose ◽  
Timing Of Reproduction ◽  
Low Arctic

Abstract Rapid climate warming is driving organisms to advance timing of reproduction with earlier springs, but the rate of advancement shows large variation, even among populations of the same species. In this study, we investigated how the rate of advancement in timing of reproduction with a warming climate varies for barnacle goose (Branta leucopsis) populations breeding at different latitudes in the Arctic. We hypothesized that populations breeding further North are generally more time constrained and, therefore, produce clutches earlier relative to the onset of spring than southern populations. Therefore, with increasing temperatures and a progressive relief of time constraint, we expected latitudinal differences to decrease. For the years 2000–2016, we determined the onset of spring from snow cover data derived from satellite images, and compiled data on egg laying date and reproductive performance in one low-Arctic and two high-Arctic sites. As expected, high-Arctic geese laid their eggs earlier relative to snowmelt than low-Arctic geese. Contrary to expectations, advancement in laying dates was similar in high- and low-Arctic colonies, at a rate of 27% of the advance in date of snowmelt. Although advancement of egg laying did not fully compensate for the advancement of snowmelt, geese laying eggs at intermediate dates in the low Arctic were the most successful breeders. In the high Arctic, however, early nesting geese were the most successful breeders, suggesting that high-Arctic geese have not advanced their laying dates sufficiently to earlier springs. This indicates that high-Arctic geese especially are vulnerable to negative effects of climate warming.

The Optimal Timing of Reproduction

1976 ◽  
Vol 110 (975) ◽  
pp. 801-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Timing Of Reproduction

scholarly journals Parent-offspring conflict over reproductive timing: ecological dynamics far away and at other times may explain spawning variability in Pacific herring

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 559-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Ljungström ◽  
Tessa B Francis ◽  
Marc Mangel ◽  
Christian Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Reproductive Timing ◽  
Timing Of Reproduction ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Breeding Habitats ◽  
Adult Food

Abstract Timing of reproduction may be of crucial importance for fitness, particularly in environments that vary seasonally in food availability or predation risk. However, for animals with spatially separated feeding and breeding habitats, optimal reproductive timing may differ between parents and their offspring, leading to parent-offspring conflict. We assume that offspring have highest survival and fitness if they are spawned around a fixed date, and use state-dependent life-history theory to explore whether variation in conditions affecting only parents (food availability and survival) may influence optimal timing of reproduction. We apply the model to Pacific herring (Clupea palasii) in Puget Sound, USA, where 20 subpopulations spawn at different times of the year. Our model suggests that relatively small differences in adult food availability can lead to altered prioritization in the trade-off between maternal fecundity and what from the offspring’s perspective is the best time to be spawned. Our model also shows that observed among-population variability in reproductive timing may result from adults using different feeding grounds with divergent food dynamics, or from individual variation in condition caused by stochasticity at a single feeding ground. Identifying drivers of reproductive timing may improve predictions of recruitment, population dynamics, and responses to environmental change.

scholarly journals Solar activity affects avian timing of reproduction

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel E. Visser ◽  
Juan José Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Laying Date ◽  
Cyanistes Caeruleus ◽  
Timing Of Reproduction ◽  
Crucial Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Avian timing of reproduction is strongly affected by ambient temperature. Here we show that there is an additional effect of sunspots on laying date, from five long-term population studies of great and blue tits ( Parus major and Cyanistes caeruleus ), demonstrating for the first time that solar activity not only has an effect on population numbers but that it also affects the timing of animal behaviour. This effect is statistically independent of ambient temperature. In years with few sunspots, birds initiate laying late while they are often early in years with many sunspots. The sunspot effect may be owing to a crucial difference between the method of temperature measurements by meteorological stations (in the shade) and the temperatures experienced by the birds. A better understanding of the impact of all the thermal components of weather on the phenology of ecosystems is essential when predicting their responses to climate change.

scholarly journals Temperature has a causal effect on avian timing of reproduction

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1665) ◽  
pp. 2323-2331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel E. Visser ◽  
Leonard J.M. Holleman ◽  
Samuel P. Caro
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Laying Date ◽  
Timing Of Reproduction

Many bird species reproduce earlier in years with high spring temperatures, but little is known about the causal effect of temperature. Temperature may have a direct effect on timing of reproduction but the correlation may also be indirect, for instance via food phenology. As climate change has led to substantial shifts in timing, it is essential to understand this causal relationship to predict future impacts of climate change. We tested the direct effect of temperature on laying dates in great tits ( Parus major ) using climatized aviaries in a 6-year experiment. We mimicked the temperature patterns from two specific years in which our wild population laid either early (‘warm’ treatment) or late (‘cold’ treatment). Laying dates were affected by temperature directly. As the relevant temperature period started three weeks prior to the mean laying date, with a range of just 4°C between the warm and the cold treatments, and as the birds were fed ad libitum, it is likely that temperature acted as a cue rather than lifting an energetic constraint on the onset of egg production. We furthermore show a high correlation between the laying dates of individuals reproducing both in aviaries and in the wild, validating investigations of reproduction of wild birds in captivity. Our results demonstrate that temperature has a direct effect on timing of breeding, an important step towards assessing the implication of climate change on seasonal timing.

scholarly journals Breeding Phenology of Red-Shouldered Hawks (Buteo lineatus) Is Related to Snow Cover and Air Temperature During the Pre-Laying Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl R. Dykstra ◽  
Jeffrey L. Hays ◽  
Melinda M. Simon ◽  
Ann R. Wegman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Laying Date ◽  
Hatching Date ◽  
Breeding Phenology

Global climate change has advanced the breeding phenology of many avian species. However, raptors’ breeding phenologies may not respond in the same way to the factors that influence passerine breeding dates. We studied reproduction of suburban and rural Red-shouldered Hawks (Buteo lineatus) in southern Ohio, United States, from 1997 to 2020. Mean hatching dates for 786 broods were 24 April [Julian day: 114.1 ± 0.3 d (SE)] for suburban birds and 25 April (Julian day: 114.5 ± 0.4) for rural birds. Egg-laying date averages approximately 33 days before hatching date, or about the third week of March. We used mixed models to test which factors influenced nestling hatching dates from 1997 to 2020. The best model included year, days of snow cover during the pre-laying period (February–March), and mean March temperature, with days of snow cover having the largest effect. Hatching date (in Julian days) was positively related to snow cover and negatively related to air temperature, i.e., young hatched earlier in years with fewer days of snow cover and in warmer years). Young also hatched slightly later as the study progressed. Overall, neither mean hatching date nor any of the weather variables showed a significant trend over the course of the study. Previously published reports indicate that many raptor species do not exhibit advancing hatching dates, and breeding phenologies often reflect local weather conditions. The complexity and diversity of raptor responses to climate change underscore the importance of long-term studies of raptors at multiple locations.

On the Optimal Timing of Reproduction

1979 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shmuel Amir
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Timing Of Reproduction

An Empirical Model of the Optimal Timing of Reproduction for Female Amphipods Infected by Trematodes

2001 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Dean G. McCurdy ◽  
J. Sherman Boates ◽  
Mark R. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Model ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Timing Of Reproduction
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