Imagined contact in high conflict settings: The role of ethnic group identification and the perspective of minority group members

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabahat Cigdem Bagci ◽  
Zeynep Ecem Piyale ◽  
Efsane Ebcim
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Conflict Settings ◽  
High Conflict ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Imagined Contact

scholarly journals Expressing Prejudice through the Linguistic Intergroup Bias: Second Language Confidence and Identity among Minority Group Members

2008 ◽  
pp. 109-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Shulman ◽  
Richard Clément1
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Communication Theory ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Intergroup Bias ◽  
Intergroup Communication ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Linguistic Intergroup Bias

Abstract The role of verbal communication in the transmission of prejudice has received much theoretical attention (Hecht, 1998; Le Couteur & Augoustinos, 2001), including the features of the linguistic intergroup bias (Maass, Salvi, Arcuri, & Semin, 1989), yet few studies have examined the acquisition of an out-group language as a factor in mitigating prejudicial speech. The conditions under which minority Canadian Francophones use linguistic bias when communicating about the in- and out-group (i.e., Canadian Anglophones) were investigated. Data was collected from 110 Francophone students. Predictions were confirmed but only when out-group identification was considered. Further, out-group identification and second language confidence were both related to a decrease in out-group derogation; however, the same factors appear to promote linguistically biased speech toward the in-group. Results are discussed within current intergroup communication theory.

Compensating the Innocent: Perceptions of Exonerees’ Deservingness to Receive Financial Compensation for Wrongful Convictions

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 710-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry M. Karaffa ◽  
Jaimie Page ◽  
Julie M. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Compensation Policy ◽  
Financial Compensation ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Those who have been wrongfully imprisoned face a variety of challenges upon reentering the community, and monetary compensation may be helpful in rebuilding one’s life following a period of incarceration. However, very little is known about factors that may impact public attitudes regarding compensation policy. Using a sample of 396 university students, we investigated the role of exonerees’ race/ethnicity and prior conviction history, as well as participants’ socially dominant and right-wing authoritarian attitudes in explaining beliefs about financial compensation. Results suggest that males, minority group members, and older participants tended to rate hypothetical exonerees as more deserving of financial compensation. Perceptions of deservingness for compensation did not differ according to the exonerees’ race/ethnicity, but exonerees who had no prior convictions were perceived as more deserving compared with those with prior misdemeanor or felony drug convictions. Participants’ right-wing authoritarianism scores were negatively associated with deservingness scores, whereas social dominance orientation scores were not significantly related to deservingness, after controlling for participant demographics and exoneree factors.

scholarly journals The role of optimal conditions and intergroup contact in promoting positive intergroup relations in and out of the workplace: A study with ethnic majority and minority workers

2021 ◽  
pp. 136843022110109
Author(s):  
Gian Antonio Di Bernardo ◽  
Loris Vezzali ◽  
Michèle D. Birtel ◽  
Sofia Stathi ◽  
Barbara Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Positive Contact

A field study was conducted with majority and minority group members to test whether the effects of optimal contact conditions and of intergroup contact generalize across situations, and extend to the support of intergroup equality in terms of agreement with social policies benefitting the minority group. Participants were 163 Italian and 129 immigrant workers in three corporate organizations. Results from structural equation modelling analyses revealed that, for the majority group, positive contact stemming from optimal contact conditions was indirectly associated, via reduction in negative stereotypes, with more positive behavior that generalized across situations. For both majority and minority groups, positive contact stemming from optimal contact conditions was associated with less negative stereotypes, and in turn with greater support for social policies favoring the minority. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, also in relation to the significance of the present results for research investigating the relation between intergroup contact and social change.

When extended contact opens the door to future contact

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Gómez ◽  
Linda R. Tropp ◽  
Saulo Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Minority Group ◽  
The Self ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Extended Contact ◽  
Group Members

The present research tests whether extended contact can predict positive intergroup expectancies, as well as positive intergroup attitudes, among majority and minority group members. Our results replicate and extend prior work by showing that extended contact predicts both positive intergroup attitudes and intergroup expectancies among both majority (Spanish) and minority (immigrant) participants, even when controlling for direct friendship and the quantity and quality of prior intergroup contact. These effects are partially mediated by intergroup anxiety, perceived ingroup norms, and perceived outgroup norms, and the positive effects of extended contact on intergroup attitudes were also partially mediated by the inclusion of ingroup in the self. Additionally, the mediating role of outgroup norms was stronger among immigrant participants than among Spanish participants. Implications of these findings and the value of extended contact for promoting positive intergroup expectancies and preparing people for future contact are discussed.

scholarly journals Boundaries of American Identity: Relations between Ethnic Group Prototypicality and Policy Attitudes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Que-Lam Huynh ◽  
Thierry Devos
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
American Identity ◽  
Instrumental Function ◽  
European Americans ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Policy Attitudes ◽  
Group Members

We sought to document that the extent to which different ethnic groups are perceived as embodying the American identity is more strongly linked to anti-minority policy attitudes and acculturation ideologies among majority group members (European Americans) than among minority group members (Asian Americans or Latino/as). Participants rated 13 attributes of the American identity as they pertain to different ethnic groups, and reported their endorsement of policy attitudes and acculturation ideologies. We found a relative consensus across ethnic groups regarding defining components of the American identity. However, European Americans were perceived as more prototypical of this American identity than ethnic minorities, especially by European American raters. Moreover, for European Americans but not for ethnic minorities, relative ingroup prototypicality was related to anti-minority policy attitudes and acculturation ideologies. These findings suggest that for European Americans, perceptions of ethnic group prototypicality fulfill an instrumental function linked to preserving their group interests and limiting the rights afforded to ethnic minorities.

scholarly journals Conceptualization of Ethnicity and Identity Formation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Nurgiss Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Ethnic Consciousness ◽  
Group Members

This paper discusses the theoretical background of ethnicity and its role in identity formation. The resurgence of ethnicity in the contemporary world has inevitably led to a critical re-examination of widely popular assumptions that surrounded the study of ethnic group and ethnic consciousness. The contemporary world is characterized by a profound ethnic assertiveness rather than decline. This study is a modest attempt at understanding the ethnicisation of Kashmiri identity which has fractured the earlier composite culture of the Kashmir. What “kashmiriyat” actually stands for and also what is the role of territorial homogenization in sharpening the ethnic lines in Kashmir. Ethnic consciousness works as glue for the group members but it also leads to resistance for the outer elements, infringement of any sort becomes intolerant. Instrumentalist view regards ethnic identity as a tool, one that can be mobilized or manipulated to achieve specific ends usually in the fields of politics and the economy. In this study we will observe its relevance with the Kashmiri society.

scholarly journals Do humans possess an autonomous system justification motivation? A pupillometric test of the strong system justification thesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuma Kevin Owuamalam ◽  
Russell Spears
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Autonomous System ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
System Justification ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Identity Salience ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Strong System

To investigate the existence of an autonomous system justification motive that guides human behavior, we tested the dissonance-inspired strong system-justification thesis: that the cognitive effort expended to justify societal systems on which people depend, is greater amongst the disadvantaged than amongst the advantaged when their group identities are weak in salience/strength. Using a novel pupil dilation paradigm to tap cognitive effort, we exposed an ethnic minority group (Ntotal = 263) to depictions of their ingroup as disadvantaged or advantaged after they had stated four things they liked about their ethnic group (strong group identity salience) or grandmother (weak group identity salience). We then measured fluctuations in their pupil diameter as they contemplated support for societal systems that were either relevant (high dependency) or irrelevant (low dependency) to their ethnic group. Results revealed that pupil sizes were larger in the group disadvantage condition than in the group advantage condition—indicating greater cognitive effort—but only when group identity was salient (Experiment 1) or when group identification was strong (Experiment 2). These effects occurred only for high dependency systems. Combined, this evidence contradicts the system-justification thesis, and questions the existence of an autonomous system justification motivation in humans.

Intended, Unintended, and Unknown Consequences of Contact

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabahat C. Bagci ◽  
Abbas Turnuklu
Keyword(s):  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
Conflict Area ◽  
Conflict Settings ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Action Tendencies

Abstract. We investigated the role of positive and negative contact on outgroup attitudes, collective action tendencies, and psychological well-being among minority (Kurds) and majority (Turks) group members in a conflict area ( N = 527), testing ingroup identification, relative deprivation, and perceived discrimination as potential mediators in these associations. Contrary to recent research studies demonstrating the superiority of negative contact effects, positive contact was generally a stronger determinant of the dependent variables, directly and indirectly, in both groups, although negative contact also had some direct and indirect associations with the outcomes. Findings highlight the need to incorporate the role of positive and negative contact to provide a full understanding of the potential benefits/costs of the contact strategy in conflict settings.

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