scholarly journals Journalism and Press Freedom as Human Rights

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowan Cruft
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Press Freedom

Freedom Indices and Capital Asset Pricing Model: Some Malaysian Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Ying Tay Lee ◽  
Devinaga Rasiah ◽  
Ming Ming Lai
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Asset Pricing ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Capital Asset Pricing ◽  
Capital Asset ◽  
Cross Sectional

Human rights and fundamental freedoms such as economic, political, and press freedoms vary widely from country to country. It creates opportunity and risk in investment decisions. Thus, this study is carried out to examine if the explanatory power of the model for capital asset pricing could be improved when these human rights movement indices are included in the model. The sample for this study comprises of 495 stocks listed in Bursa Malaysia, covering the sampling period from 2003 to 2013. The model applied in this study employed the pooled ordinary least square regression estimation. In addition, the robustness of the model is tested by using firm size as a controlled variable. The findings show that market beta as well as the economic and press freedom indices could explain the cross-sectional stock returns of the Malaysian stock market. By controlling the firm size, it adds marginally to the explanation of the extended CAP model which incorporated economic, political, and press freedom indices.

Press Performance, Human Rights, and Private Power as a Threat

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Edwin Baker
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Magic Bullet ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Free Press ◽  
Government Power ◽  
The Press ◽  
Private Power

The essay concerns the manner private power threatens the proper democratic role of the press or mass media. But first, Part I examines two preliminary conceptual matters involved in locating this discussion in the context of a conference on private power as a threat to human rights: 1) the relation of human rights to private power in general. This relation is complicated due to fact that human rights can themselves be seen as the assertion of private power against government or against collective power while, depending on how conceptualized, human rights can be improperly threatened by private power even while private power operates in a generally lawful manner; 2) involves the relation of press freedom and human rights. Here I argue that human rights are ill-conceived if offered as embodying any particular right in respect to the press—more specifically, I argue that a free press is not a human right—but argue instead that an ideal media order that is embodied in a broad conception of free press provides the soil in which human rights can flourish and the armor that offers them protection. Both government power and private power are necessary for and constitute threats to these supportive roles of a free press.Political-legal theory—or in constitutional democracies, possibly constitutional theory—should offer some guide to how the tightrope between government as threat and government as source of protection against private threats ought to be walked. That is, the goal is to find both proper limits on government power and proper empowerment of government to respond to private threats. Part II examines the variety of private threats to the proper role of the press. It focuses on two forms of threats: first, market failures that can be expected in relatively normal functioning of the market; second, problems related to the purposeful use of concentrated economic power. Responsive policies are multiple—no magic bullet but varying different governmental (as well as private) responses are appropriate. However, Part III illustrates this point by considering only two types of governmental policies, both of which I have recently been involved in advocating: first, government promotion of dispersal of concentrated power by means of ownership rules and policies; second, tax subsidies in the form of tax credits for a significant portion of journalists salaries as a means to correct for underproduction of journalism on theory that this journalism generally produces significant positive externalities.

scholarly journals Freedom and The Role of The Press on Law Enforcement Reviewed in The Perspective of Law Number: 40 Of 1999, Concerning The Press

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satino Satino ◽  
Yuliana Yuli W ◽  
Iswahyuni Adil
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Republic

Law Number 40 of 1999 concerning the Press is one of the legal regulations that have a role in efforts to realize a good life together. The struggle of the Indonesian press to achieve freedom was finally achieved after the enactment of Law Number 40 of 1999 concerning the Press. The purpose of this study is to find out how the freedom and role of the press in law enforcement are reviewed from the perspective of Law Number 40 of 1999, concerning the press. This study uses a sociological juridical method, the results of research conducted on real facts in society with the intent and purpose of finding facts, then proceeding with finding problems, ultimately leading to problem identification and leading to problem solving. The results of the research include the press trying to carry out its functions, rights, obligations, and roles, so the press must respect the human rights of everyone. The press has an important role in realizing Human Rights (HAM), as guaranteed in the Decree of the People's Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia Number: XVII/MPR/1998. Based on the results of the research above, it is necessary to uphold the freedom of the press in conveying public information in an honest and balanced manner and that freedom of the press is not absolute for the press alone, but to guarantee the rights of the public to obtain information. what happened in the context of realizing press freedom as contained in Law/040/1999 concerning the Press.

Regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 106-130
Author(s):  
Julian Petley
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
European Convention ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Corporate Power ◽  
Private Lives ◽  
The Press ◽  
Privacy Breach ◽  
Human Rights Act ◽  
Human Rights Act 1998

This chapter examines the laws which have had a particular bearing on the practice of journalism in newspapers in England and Wales in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. These relate to defamation, privacy, breach of confidence, official secrecy and terrorism. In particular it focusses on the recent impact of the European Convention on Human Rights and the Human Rights Act 1998 on how courts have interpreted and applied the various laws affecting press freedom in these particular areas. It argues that whilst much of the press has chafed against laws which prevent it from invading people’s private lives and unjustly defaming them, it has been remarkably insouciant about those which make it difficult to reveal abuses of state and corporate power.

Conceptual Debates in the 1920s and 1930s

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Guo
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Overseas Chinese ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Chinese Context ◽  
New Republic

Many overseas Chinese graduates returned to China after the establishment of the new republic by the Nationalists in 1912. They found that they had to re-evaluate their Western experiences and values from a perspective based on this new Chinese context. With regards to press freedom, individual circumstances and preferences resulted in divergent conceptions of press freedom. This chapter elaborates on these different attitudes towards press freedom amongst the more educated class in the 1920s and the 1930s. Debates were centred on two issues – ‘people’s right versus human rights’, and ‘freedom versus limitation’. It shows that contested interpretations were based on the different socio-cultural backgrounds and personal selections of the concerned parties.

scholarly journals Chilling Effect as a European Court of Human Rights’ Concept in Media Law Cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Trine Baumbach
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Chilling Effect ◽  
European Court ◽  
Strong Notion ◽  
Specific Restriction ◽  
Future Task ◽  
The Many

In few of the many cases where the European Court of Human Rights has found a violation of Article 10, the Court has simultaneously stated that a specific restriction or sanction has an actual or a potential chilling effect for press freedom. The Article examines by way of the Court’s case law the notion of ‘chilling effect’. It is concluded that ‘chilling effect’ is a strong notion reserved for cases where something genuine is at stake. The notion points beyond the case at hand and has a negative impact on the applicant’s future task or – in its most severe form – a negative impact on the press as such to the outmost detriment of the public debate, the control of the establishment, and, thereby, to the impairment of society as a whole.

Strongman, patronage and fake news

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson Lyndon D. Ragragio
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Common People ◽  
The Common ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Communicative Power

Abstract Human rights are essential pillars of democracies. But under populism, they are a proclaimed nemesis of political leaders who claim to represent the common people. This article argues that the discourses of strongman, patronage and fake news constitute three prominent right-wing populist ploys that erode human rights in Rodrigo Duterte’s Philippines. It interrogates the communicative power of populism as a means of disfiguring free expression and press freedom. Drawing from human rights and media reports and interviews, the pro-human rights current is reformatted by strongman pronouncement in the war on drugs, unity of long-established blocs of power through patronage, and belligerent charge of fake news.

scholarly journals Freedom of the Press In the Scope of Human Rights

Rechtsidee ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Sri Ayu Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
The State ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
News Production ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Republic

Freedom of expression and press freedom is the embodiment of the recognition of human rights. Freedom of expression is also the existence of press to disclose the news with honesty and do not get a pressure to deliver the news to the public space, which in news production is known as a work of journalism. Now the  press has gained freedom of expression in the news production process which is guaranteed in the state constitution. Although Article 28 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia 1945 does not point directly at the press, However, Article 28 F emphasis on processing and storage as well as ownership, excavations to information. It also contains provisions on the freedom of expression of others, which should be valued and respected. It shows equality for everyone in his position before the law in accordance with Article 27 1945 Constitution, which emphasizes the recognition of constitutional rights that belong to every person in the state of law in the Republic of Indonesia. Thus the press, which have freedom of expression in the writings of journalistic works are required to be responsible for the published news. So as not to face the legal issues and criminalization, then press should perform tasks and functions to enforce ethics as the precautionary principle when processing the news and broadcast it to the public space, as well as upholding human rights. How To Cite: Astuti, S. (2014). Freedom of the Press In the Scope of Human Rights. Rechtsidee, 1(1), 101-118. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v1i1.96

9. The Right to Private Life

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Foster
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Bullet Point ◽  
The Right ◽  
Domestic Law

The Concentrate Questions and Answers series offer the best preparation for tackling exam questions. Each book includes typical questions, diagram answer plans, caution advice, suggested answers, illustrative diagrams and flowcharts, and advice on gaining extra marks. Concentrate Q&A Human Rights & Civil Liberties offers expert advice on what to expect from your human rights and civil liberties exam, how best to prepare, and guidance on what examiners are really looking for. Written by experienced examiners, it provides: clear commentary with each question and answer; bullet point and diagram answer plans; tips to make your answer really stand out from the crowd; and further reading suggestions at the end of every chapter. The book should help you to: identify typical law exam questions; structure a first-class answer; avoid common mistakes; show the examiner what you know; make your answer stand out from the crowd. This chapter covers the right to private and family life, including the scope of privacy and private and family life, protection in domestic law and under the ECHR, privacy and press freedom, and surveillance powers and privacy.

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