Natural Inactivation of MS2, Poliovirus Type 1 and Cryptosporidium parvum in An Anaerobic and Reduced Aquifer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Lisle ◽  
George Lukasik
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Poliovirus Type

scholarly journals Interactions of Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, Vaccinal Poliovirus Type 1, and Bacteriophages φX174 and MS2 with a Drinking Water Biofilm and a Wastewater Biofilm

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 2079-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Helmi ◽  
Sylvain Skraber ◽  
Christophe Gantzer ◽  
Raphaël Willame ◽  
Lucien Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Poliovirus Type ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACT Biofilms colonizing surfaces inside drinking water distribution networks may provide a habitat and shelter to pathogenic viruses and parasites. If released from biofilms, these pathogens may disseminate in the water distribution system and cause waterborne diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the interactions of protozoan parasites (Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia [oo]cysts) and viruses (vaccinal poliovirus type 1, φX174, and MS2) with two contrasting biofilms. First, attachment, persistence, and detachment of the protozoan parasites and the viruses were assessed with a drinking water biofilm. This biofilm was allowed to develop inside a rotating annular reactor fed with tap water for 7 months prior to the inoculation. Our results show that viable parasites and infectious viruses attached to the drinking water biofilm within 1 h and persisted within the biofilm. Indeed, infectious viruses were detected in the drinking water biofilm up to 6 days after the inoculation, while viral genome and viable parasites were still detected at day 34, corresponding to the last day of the monitoring period. Since viral genome was detected much longer than infectious particles, our results raise the question of the significance of detecting viral genomes in biofilms. A transfer of viable parasites and viruses from the biofilm to the water phase was observed after the flow velocity was increased but also with a constant laminar flow rate. Similar results regarding parasite and virus attachment and detachment were obtained using a treated wastewater biofilm, suggesting that our observations might be extrapolated to a wide range of environmental biofilms and confirming that biofilms can be considered a potential secondary source of contamination.

Correlation of virus polypeptide structure with attenuation of poliovirus type 1.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
J B Milstien ◽  
J R Walker ◽  
L J Eron
Keyword(s):  
Poliovirus Type ◽  
Polypeptide Structure

Biochemical characterization of poliovirus type 1 temperature-sensitive mutants

Virology ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Bellocq ◽  
Henri Agut ◽  
Sylvie Van Der Werf ◽  
Marc Girard
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Poliovirus Type ◽  
Temperature Sensitive Mutants

Antigenic conservation and divergence between the viral-specific proteins of poliovirus type 1 and various picornaviruses

Virology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio A. Emini ◽  
William A. Schleif ◽  
Richard J. Colonno ◽  
Eckard Wimmer
Keyword(s):  
Poliovirus Type ◽  
Specific Proteins

scholarly journals Excretion of Wild-Type and Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in the Feces of Poliovirus Receptor-Transgenic Mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 6541-6545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hein J. Boot ◽  
Daniella T. J. Kasteel ◽  
Anne-Marie Buisman ◽  
Tjeerd G. Kimman
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Oral Polio Vaccine ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Poliovirus Type ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Polio Vaccine ◽  
Poliovirus Receptor

ABSTRACT The emergence of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) strains in suboptimally vaccinated populations is a serious threat to the global poliovirus eradication. The genetic determinants for the transmissibility phenotype of polioviruses, and in particularly of cVDPV strains, are currently unknown. Here we describe the fecal excretion of wild-type poliovirus, oral polio vaccine, and cVDPV (Hispaniola) strains after intraperitoneal injection in poliovirus receptor-transgenic mice. Both the pattern and the level of fecal excretion of the cVDPV strains resemble those of wild-type poliovirus type 1. In contrast, very little poliovirus was present in the feces after oral polio vaccine administration. This mouse model will be helpful in elucidating the genetic determinants for the high fecal-oral transmission phenotype of cVDPV strains.

Antigenic and Biochemical Characterization of Poliovirus Type 1 Isolates

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Hara ◽  
Mineo Arita ◽  
Zenichi Yamazaki ◽  
Akio Hagiwara ◽  
Yoshiko Saito
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Poliovirus Type

Analysis by electron microscopy of recombinant plasmids carrying poliovirus type-1 cDNA inserts

1981 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Girard ◽  
D. Benichou ◽  
S. van der Werf ◽  
H. Kopecka
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Poliovirus Type ◽  
Recombinant Plasmids
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