A protein‐free chemically defined medium for the cultivation of various micro‐organisms with food safety significance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wang ◽  
P. Greenwood ◽  
M.S. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Micro Organisms

Improved cryopreservation of domestic cat sperm in a chemically defined medium

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 2120-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Vick ◽  
H.L. Bateman ◽  
C.A. Lambo ◽  
W.F. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Defined Medium ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium

scholarly journals In vitro mouse spermatogenesis with an organ culture method in chemically defined medium

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e0192884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Sanjo ◽  
Mitsuru Komeya ◽  
Takuya Sato ◽  
Takeru Abe ◽  
Kumiko Katagiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium

Cultivation and properties of Neisseria sp. grown in chemically defined media

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1087-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Kenny ◽  
B. B. Diena ◽  
R. Wallace ◽  
L. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Chemically Defined Media ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Specific Antisera

Neisseria Chemically Defined Medium (NCDM) has been used routinely in our laboratory for a variety of purposes. The present report describes the development of NCDM agar, wherein the NCDM base is sterilized by filtration and defined supplements and agar are added. The medium is transparent and both meningococci and gonococci grow within 72 h. When grown on NCDM agar, Types 2 and 3 gonococcal colonies tend to revert to Type 1. The serological grouping of meningococci with specific antisera is not affected by growth on this medium.Parallel investigations on the growth of these species in liquid NCDM demonstrated that the yield of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is enhanced when the medium is sterilized by filtration.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Role of para-Aminobenzoic Acid Biosynthesis in Folate Production by Lactococcus lactis

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 2673-2681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arno Wegkamp ◽  
Wietske van Oorschot ◽  
Willem M. de Vos ◽  
Eddy J. Smid
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Biosynthesis Gene Cluster ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Aba Biosynthesis

ABSTRACT The pab genes for para-aminobenzoic acid (pABA) biosynthesis in Lactococcus lactis were identified and characterized. In L. lactis NZ9000, only two of the three genes needed for pABA production were initially found. No gene coding for 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate lyase (pabC) was initially annotated, but detailed analysis revealed that pabC was fused with the 3′ end of the gene coding for chorismate synthetase component II (pabB). Therefore, we hypothesize that all three enzyme activities needed for pABA production are present in L. lactis, allowing for the production of pABA. Indeed, the overexpression of the pABA gene cluster in L. lactis resulted in elevated pABA pools, demonstrating that the genes are involved in the biosynthesis of pABA. Moreover, a pABA knockout (KO) strain lacking pabA and pabB C was constructed and shown to be unable to produce folate when cultivated in the absence of pABA. This KO strain was unable to grow in chemically defined medium lacking glycine, serine, nucleobases/nucleosides, and pABA. The addition of the purine guanine, adenine, xanthine, or inosine restored growth but not the production of folate. This suggests that, in the presence of purines, folate is not essential for the growth of L. lactis. It also shows that folate is not strictly required for the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. L. lactis strain NZ7024, overexpressing both the folate and pABA gene clusters, was found to produce 2.7 mg of folate/liter per optical density unit at 600 nm when the strain was grown on chemically defined medium without pABA. This is in sharp contrast to L. lactis strains overexpressing only one of the two gene clusters. Therefore, we conclude that elevated folate levels can be obtained only by the overexpression of folate combined with the overexpression of the pABA biosynthesis gene cluster, suggesting the need for a balanced carbon flux through the folate and pABA biosynthesis pathway in the wild-type strain.

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