Dermaseptin-S1 decreasesCandida albicansgrowth, biofilm formation and the expression of hyphal wall protein 1 and aspartic protease genes

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Belmadani ◽  
A. Semlali ◽  
M. Rouabhia
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Aspartic Protease ◽  
Hyphal Wall

scholarly journals The Effects of Mentha × piperita Essential Oil on C. albicans Growth, Transition, Biofilm Formation, and the Expression of Secreted Aspartyl Proteinases Genes

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chahrazed Benzaid ◽  
Amine Belmadani ◽  
Ryad Djeribi ◽  
Mahmoud Rouabhia
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Candida Infections ◽  
Transition Change ◽  
Hyphal Wall ◽  
Aspartyl Proteinases

The rise in resistance and changes in the spectrum of Candida infections have generated enormous interest in developing new antifungal drugs using natural molecules such as plant essential oils (EOs). Antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms has been reported for EOs. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of Mentha × piperita essential oil (EO) on C. albicans growth, transition (change from blastospore to hyphae forms), and biofilm formation as well as on the expression of certain virulent genes. We show that whole EO and its vapor attenuated the yeast’s growth, compared to that in the control. The effect of the EO was comparable to that of amphotericin-B (AmB). The EO and its vapor significantly decreased the morphological changes of C. albicans, reduced biofilm formation, and disrupted mature C. albicans biofilms. The effect produced by whole EO on biofilm formation/disruption was notably comparable to that observed with AmB. Exposure of C. albicans to EO and its vapor downregulated the expression of various genes, such as secreted aspartyl proteinases (SAP 1, 2, 3, 9, 10) and hyphal wall protein 1 (HWP1). Altogether, these results provide new insight into the efficacy of Mentha × piperita EO against C. albicans and suggest the potential of Mentha × piperita EO for use as an antifungal therapy in multiple applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of biofilm formation in the homozygous and heterozygous strains of vaginal Candida albicans isolates

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyvan Pakshir ◽  
Sahar Sheykhi ◽  
Kamiar Zomorodian ◽  
Hasti Nouraei ◽  
Zahra Shahrabadi
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Gene Locus ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Visual Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Hyphal Wall

Background and Purpose: Candida albicans is one of the most opportunistic yeasts around the world. This species has two heterozygous and homozygous strains at hyphal wall protein 1 (hwp1) gene locus. A simple method for the discrimination of these two strains is the amplification of HWP1 gene. Regarding this, the aim of this study was to discriminate C. albicans heterozygous and homozygous strains via the amplification of hwp1 gene and evaluation of biofilm formation between the strains. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 homozygous (n=30) and heterozygous (n=30) strains were discriminated among 126 C. albicans vaginal isolates by the amplification of HWP1 gene, using specific primers. The evaluation of biofilm formation was accomplished using the visual method. Results: According to the results, the homozygous and heterozygous strains produced one and two DNA fragments, respectively. The frequency of homozygous strains among the C. albicans vaginal isolates was 76.2%. Biofilm formation activity in the heterozygous strains was more than that in the homozygous strains. However, statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the strains in terms of biofilm formation. Conclusion: As the findings indicated, the frequency of the heterozygous strains in C. albicans was lower than that of the homozygous strains. Both of the strains could form biofilm in the different ranges of severity. High activity of biofilm formation in heterozygous strains may set the ground for its pathogenicity.

scholarly journals Secreted Aspartic Protease Cleavage of Candida albicans Msb2 Activates Cek1 MAPK Signaling Affecting Biofilm Formation and Oropharyngeal Candidiasis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e46020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumant Puri ◽  
Rohitashw Kumar ◽  
Sonia Chadha ◽  
Swetha Tati ◽  
Heather R. Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Aspartic Protease ◽  
Oropharyngeal Candidiasis ◽  
Protease Cleavage

Bacterial biofilm behavior in water-supply lines of dental units

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 882-883
Author(s):  
B.D. Tall ◽  
K.S. George ◽  
R. T. Gray ◽  
H.N. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm

Studies of bacterial behavior in many environments have shown that most organisms attach to surfaces, forming communities of microcolonies called biofilms. In contaminated medical devices, biofilms may serve both as reservoirs and as inocula for the initiation of infections. Recently, there has been much concern about the potential of dental units to transmit infections. Because the mechanisms of biofilm formation are ill-defined, we investigated the behavior and formation of a biofilm associated with tubing leading to the water syringe of a dental unit over a period of 1 month.

Memapsin 2, a drug target for Alzheimer's disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Koelsch ◽  
Robert T. Turner ◽  
Lin Hong ◽  
Arun K. Ghosh ◽  
Jordan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Transition State ◽  
Amyloid Precursor Protein ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Aspartic Protease ◽  
Precursor Protein ◽  
Memapsin 2

Mempasin 2, a ϐ-secretase, is the membrane-anchored aspartic protease that initiates the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein leading to the production of ϐ-amyloid and the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Thus memapsin 2 is a major therapeutic target for the development of inhibitor drugs for the disease. Many biochemical tools, such as the specificity and crystal structure, have been established and have led to the design of potent and relatively small transition-state inhibitors. Although developing a clinically viable mempasin 2 inhibitor remains challenging, progress to date renders hope that memapsin 2 inhibitors may ultimately be useful for therapeutic reduction of ϐ-amyloid.

Biofilm-formation ability of S. aureus on collagen matrices

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
O. Iungin ◽  
L. Maistrenko ◽  
P. Rebrykova ◽  
I. Duka
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Collagen Matrices
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