scholarly journals Differences in the antibacterial activity of nisin and bovicin HC5 against Salmonella Typhimurium under different temperature and pH conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.V. Prudêncio ◽  
H.C. Mantovani ◽  
P.R. Cecon ◽  
M.C.D. Vanetti
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Bovicin Hc5 ◽  
Ph Conditions

scholarly journals Therapeutic Hydrogel Lenses and the Antibacterial and Antibiotic Drugs Release

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1931
Author(s):  
Alessandra Pulliero ◽  
Aldo Profumo ◽  
Camillo Rosano ◽  
Alberto Izzotti ◽  
Sergio Claudio Saccà
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Drug Availability ◽  
Silicone Hydrogel ◽  
Antibiotic Drugs ◽  
Medical Approach ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Gradient Hplc

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of different lens types on the availability and efficacy of anti-inflammatory and antibiotic drugs. Three lens types were examined: (1) nonionic hydrogel lenses; (2) ionic hydrogel lenses; and (3) silicone hydrogel lenses. The lenses were incubated with (a) dexamethasone; (b) betamethasone; (c) bromophenacyl bromide; and (d) chloramphenicol. Drug availability was quantified by gradient HPLC, and chloramphenicol antibacterial activity was quantified by testing the inhibition of Salmonella typhimurium growth on agar. The lens allowing the most abundant passage of betamethasone was the ionic hydrogel lens, followed by the silicone hydrogel lens and nonionic hydrogel lens. The lens allowing the most abundant passage of dexamethasone was the ionic hydrogel lens, but only at 0.5 h and 1 h. Regarding chloramphenicol, the ionic hydrogel lens and silicone hydrogel lens allowed more abundant passage than the nonionic hydrogel lens. These results highlight the relevance of adapting lenses to anti-inflammatory therapy, thus allowing a personalized medical approach.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pediococcus acidilactici PFC69 and Lactococcus lactis PFC77 Bacteriocins and Their Antimicrobial Activities in Tarhana Fermentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil İbrahim Kaya ◽  
Ömer Şimşek
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Pediococcus Acidilactici ◽  
Cereal Product ◽  
Molecular Sizes ◽  
Antimicrobial Metabolite ◽  
Ph Conditions

Tarhana is a traditional cereal product fermented by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast strains that has gained special interest recently as an infant nutrition. Tarhana contains wheat flour, yogurt, and various vegetables that might create a microbiological toxicological risk, especially for Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, characterization of the metabolites responsible for antibacterial activity of Pediococcus acidilactici PFC69 and Lactococcus lactis PFC77 strains obtained from tarhana was performed, and antibacterial effects were detected against B. cereus ATCC 11778 and S. aureus ATCC 29213 during the fermentation. A total of 12,800 AU/mL antibacterial activity was observed for the supernatants of the PFC69 and PFC77 strains that were found to be stable at high temperature and in low pH conditions and sensitive to proteases, suggesting the antimicrobial metabolite is a bacteriocin. These bacteriocins were further purified and their molecular sizes were determined as 4.5 and 3.5 kDa, respectively. Importantly, inoculation of PFC69 and PFC77 to tarhana dough significantly decreased B. cereus ATCC 11778 and S. aureus ATCC 29213 amounts from the fifth day of fermentation compared to the control dough samples. P. acidilactici PFC69 and L. lactis PFC77 strains were concluded as bioprotective cultures for tarhana and these strains were offered for other cereal-based fermentations.

Phytochemical and Antibacterial Action of Taro (Colocasia esculenta, Araceaea) Aqueous-Ethanolic Leaf Extract against Selected Bacterial Strains

10.17158/232 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judee N. Nogodula ◽  
Jessa Marie D. Draug ◽  
Maryjane S. Jamero
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Taro (Colocasia esculenta) plant is commonly available and popularly used as food and alternative medicine. To prove its medicinal value, the study explored its secondary metabolites from aqueous-ethanolic leaf extract. Specifically, this investigation aimed to classify its acute dermal toxicity and antibacterial activity, determine its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and identify the equipotency with the standard drug and mutagenic activity. Phytochemical screening of tannins, alkaloids, saponins, cardenolides and bufadienolides, flavonoids, polyphenol compounds and anthraquinones was performed. Five healthy female rabbits were used for toxicity test based on OECD guidelines 404. Kirby-Bauer method was employed for antibacterial activity (susceptibility and potency tests) using Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Clinical Isolate Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. A two-fold agar dilution was applied for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Ames test was employed for direct mutagenicity assay using Salmonella typhimurium TA98. Results showed that leaf extract has no anthraquinone and it is categorized as non toxic up to allowable dose of 5000 mg/kg. The findings showed a significant difference on the mean zones of inhibition between Vancomycin and plant extract against S. aureus and between tetracycline and the extract towards E.coli. The MRSA and P. aeruginosa showed no significant differences. The MIC of extract is effective to MRSA and S. aureus at 105.26 and 50 mg/mL respectively. However, E. coli and P. aeruginosa are resistant up to the 105.26 mg/mL. Potency test revealed a non-comparability in strength between the extract and Azithromycin using Gram-negative bacteria. However, the extract showed comparable strength with the standard drug using MRSA and S. aureus. Ames test revealed a mutagenic activity using Salmonella typhimurium TA98.

scholarly journals Novel Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/Chitosan Nanocomposite with Enhanced Photocatalytic and Biological Activities

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2320
Author(s):  
Mahsa Kiani ◽  
Mojtaba Bagherzadeh ◽  
Reyhaneh Kaveh ◽  
Navid Rabiee ◽  
Yousef Fatahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Light Irradiation

Decorating photocatalysts with noble metal nanoparticles (e.g., Pt) often increases the catalysts’ photocatalytic activity and biomedical properties. Here, a simple and inexpensive method has been developed to prepare a Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan composite, which was characterized and used for the visible light-induced photocatalytic and antibacterial studies. This synthesized composite showed superior photocatalytic activity for methylene blue degradation as a hazardous pollutant (the maximum dye degradation was observed in 90 min of treatment) and killing of Gram positive bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) as well as Gram negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) under visible light irradiation. The antibacterial activity of CdS, CdS/Ag3PO4, and Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan against E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus showed the zone of inhibition (mm) under visible light and under dark conditions at a concentration of 20 µg mL−1. Furthermore, the cell viability of the CdS/chitosan, Ag3PO4, Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan, and Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan were investigated on the human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK-293), Henrietta Lacks (HeLa), human liver cancer cell line (HepG2), and pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell lines. In addition, the results indicated that the photodegradation rate for Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan is 3.53 times higher than that of CdS and 1.73 times higher than that of the CdS/Ag3PO4 composite. Moreover, Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan with an optimal amount of CdS killed large areas of different bacteria and different cells separately in a shorter time period under visible-light irradiation, which shows significantly higher efficiency than pure CdS and other CdS/Ag3PO4 composites. The superb performances of this composite are attributed to its privileged properties, such as retarded recombination of photoinduced electron/hole pairs and a large specific surface area, making Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan a valuable composite that can be deployed for a range of important applications, such as visible light-induced photocatalysis and antibacterial activity.

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