Effect of different stock types and dietary protein levels on key enzyme activities of glycolysis‐gluconeogenesis, the pentose phosphate pathway and amino acid metabolism in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Sagar ◽  
Narottam P. Sahu ◽  
Asim K. Pal ◽  
Mohamed Hassaan ◽  
Kamal K. Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Pentose Phosphate Pathway ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Stock Types

Abstract 1394: Sublethal Levels of Aldehydes Augmented Cardiac Anti-Oxidant Defense through Activation of eIF2 α -ATF4 Pathway via GCN2 Kinase

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaharu Katayama ◽  
Motoaki Sano ◽  
Jin Endo ◽  
Kentaro Hayashida ◽  
Tomohiro Matsuhashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protein Levels

[Introduction] Despite an increase in the levels of aldehydes, the heart from aldehyde dehydrogenase ( ALDH ) 2*2 -transgenic (Tg) mice, loss of function model of ALDH, exhibited a greater tolerance to oxidative stress via activation of amino acid metabolism leading to glutathione biosynthesis. This study was designed to identify the signaling cascades responsible for the activation of amino acid metabolism by aldehydes. [Methods & Results] (1) Phosphorylation of α -subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2 α ) and subsequent translational activation of ATF4 have been shown to induce amino acid metabolism as a common response to a wide variety of stressors. Consistent with this, phosphorylation levels of eIF2 α and protein expression of ATF4 were increased in ALDH2*2 -Tg hearts. (2) Among four eIF2 α kinases, general control non-depressible (GCN)2 kinase, a sensor for amino acid insufficiency, was activated in ALDH2*2 -Tg heart. (3) Quantification of intracellular amino acid demonstrated that free histidine concentration in ALDH2*2 -Tg heart was selectively reduced by 50% compared to that in non-Tg littermates. (4) To clarify the functional significance of observed reduction in histidine, ALDH2*2 -Tg mice were fed a high histidine diet. The phosphorylation levels of eIF2 α and the protein levels of ATF4 were diminished by 50% in ALDH2*2 -Tg mice fed the high histidine diet, in agreement with the normalization of histidine concentration. Accordingly, both enhanced tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury and elevated levels of glutathione were partially diminished in the heart from ALDH2*2 -Tg mice fed the high histidine diet compared to ALDH2*2 -Tg mice fed normal chow. (5) In culture, exposure to 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) phosphorylated GCN2 and eIF2 α and increased protein levels of ATF4 in a time-dependent manner. (6) siRNA-mediated knockdown of GCN2 abrogated 4-HNE-induced induction of amino acid metabolic genes. [Conclusions] Activation of eIF2 α -ATF4 pathway via GCN2 kinase might be of special importance in the transcriptional control that coordinately promotes amino acid metabolism in response to aldehydes. Intracellular depletion of free histidine is at least partly involved in the activation of GCN2 kinase by aldehydes.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary protein or amino acids in the perfusion medium on amino acid metabolism in perfused adult rat liver.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki FUJITA ◽  
Takashi YAMAMOTO ◽  
Toru RIKIMARU ◽  
Hidemichi EBISAWA ◽  
Goro INOUE
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Perfusion Medium ◽  
Adult Rat

scholarly journals Key Metabolite Differences Between Korean Pine (Pinus koraiensis) Seeds With Primary Physiological Dormancy and No-Dormancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Song ◽  
Xiaoye Gao ◽  
Yunjie Wu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Pinus Koraiensis ◽  
Physiological Dormancy

Pinus Koraiensis seeds have physiological dormancy. Cold stratification releases seed dormancy. The changes in metabolite profiles of dormant seeds and cold stratified seeds during shorter incubation time in a favorable condition for seed germination have been studied. However, a more-long-term detection of the changes in metabolites in dormant seeds can identify the real metabolic pathways responsible for dormancy. Metabolite composition was investigated in embryo and megagametophyte of primary physiological dormant seeds (DS) of P. Koraiensis collected at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks of incubation and of non-primary physiological dormant seeds (NDS) sampled at 0 and 1 week of incubation, seed coat rupture stage, and radicle protrusion stage. Embryos contained higher levels of most metabolites than megagametophyte. Strong accumulation of most metabolites in DS occurred at 1 and 4 weeks of incubation. A larger reduction in the relative levels of most phosphorylated sugars and amino acids in NDS was found between 1-week-incubation and seed coat rupture stage. The relative levels of metabolites involved in carbohydrate metabolism, especially the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, were higher in the embryos of 4-week-incubated DS, but the relative contents of intermediate metabolites of most amino acid metabolism were lower compared to 1-week-incubated NDS. We suggested that the disturbed carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism in the embryos of DS after 4 weeks of incubation maybe related to primary dormancy. Our study provides information for a better understanding of the mechanism of seed dormancy.

Amino Acid Metabolism

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-262
Author(s):  
E. V. ROWSELL
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism

Effect of intravenous bicarbonate administration on postoperative amino acid metabolism

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
K VESTERBERG ◽  
J BERGSTROM ◽  
P FURST ◽  
U LEANDER ◽  
E VINNARS
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document