Crystal structure and temperature dependence of permittivity in barium aluminate based solid solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 7480-7490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Xue‐Kai Lan ◽  
Kang Du ◽  
Xiao‐Qiang Song ◽  
Wen‐Zhong Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Barium Aluminate

NQR and Crystal Structure of 4,5-Dichloroimidazole, C3H2N2Cl2

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Qi Dou ◽  
Alarich Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Temperature Coefficients ◽  
Group D

AbstractThe two line 35Cl NQR spectrum of 4,5-dichloroimidazole was measured in the temperature range 77≦ T/K ≦ 389. The temperature dependence of the NQR frequencies conforms with the Bayer model and no phase transition is indicated in the curves v ( 35Cl)= f(T). Also the temperature coefficients of the 35Cl NQR frequencies are "normal". At 77 K the 35Cl NQR frequencies are 37.409 MHz and 36.172 MHz and at 389 K 35.758 MHz and 34.565 MHz. The compound crystallizes at room temperature with the tetragonal space group D44-P41212, Z = 8 molecules per unit cell; at 295 K : a = 684.2(5) pm, c = 2414.0(20) pm. The relations between the crystal structure and the NQR spectrum are discussed.

NQR, NMR, and X-ray crystal structure studies of [4-C2H5-C6H4NH3]2MBr4 (M=Zn, Cd)

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 611-616
Author(s):  
Hideta Ishihara ◽  
Hisashi Honda ◽  
Ingrid Svoboda ◽  
Hartmut Fuess
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Benzene Ring ◽  
Structural Phase Transition ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Organic Layers ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra ◽  
Quadrupole Resonance

AbstractThe crystal structure of [4-C2H5-C6H4NH3]2ZnBr4 (1) has been determined at 150(2) K: triclinic, P1̅, a=724.82(2), b=1194.20(4), c=1322.26(4) pm, α=74.151(3), β=80.887(3), γ=80.434(3)°, and Z=2. There are two crystallographically independent cations in the unit cell of 1: one has its benzene ring perpendicular to the crystallographic a axis of the unit cell and the other one has its benzene ring perpendicular to the c axis. These cations are alternatingly located along the c axis and form organic layers, and the ZnBr4 anions form inorganic layers in between. Zn–Br···H–N hydrogen bonds are formed between cations and anions. In accordance with the crystal structure, four nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) lines of 81Br were observed. The temperature dependence of the 81Br NQR frequencies between 77 and 320 K shows a peculiar feature which is not due to a structural phase transition. The measurement of 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra at around T=340 K indicates a redistribution of cations. The temperature dependence of 81Br NQR frequencies and differential thermal analysis measurements show that [4-C2H5-C6H4NH3]2CdBr4 (2) undergoes a structural phase transition at around 190 K.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS AND ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF SOLID SOLUTIONS OF THE SYSTEM RbF-PbF2-SnF2

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Yuliay Pogorenko ◽  
Anatoliy Omel’chuk ◽  
Roman Pshenichny ◽  
Anton Nagornyi
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Elementary Cell ◽  
Initial Structure ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

In the system RbF–PbF2–SnF2 are formed solid solutions of the heterovalent substitution RbxPb0,86‑xSn1,14F4-x (0 < x ≤ 0,2) with structure of β–PbSnF4. At x > 0,2 on the X-ray diffractograms, in addition to the basic structure, additional peaks are recorded that do not correspond to the reflexes of the individual fluorides and can indicate the formation of a mixture of solid solutions of different composition. For single-phase solid solutions, the calculated parameters of the crystal lattice are satisfactorily described by the Vegard rule. The introduction of ions of Rb+ into the initial structure leads to an increase in the parameter a of the elementary cell from 5.967 for x = 0 to 5.970 for x = 0.20. The replacement of a part of leads ions to rubium ions an increase in electrical conductivity compared with β–PbSnF4 and Pb0.86Sn1.14F4. Insignificant substitution (up to 3.0 mol%) of ions Pb2+ at Rb+ at T<500 K per order of magnitude reduces the conductivity of the samples obtained, while the nature of its temperature dependence is similar to the temperature dependence of the conductivity of the sample β-PbSnF4. By replacing 5 mol. % of ions with Pb2+ on Rb+, the fluoride ion conductivity at T> 450 K is higher than the conductivity of the initial sample Pb0,86Sn1,14F4 and at temperatures below 450 K by an order of magnitude smaller. With further increase in the content of RbF the electrical conductivity of the samples increases throughout the temperature range, reaching the maximum values at x≥0.15 (σ573 = 0.34–0.41 S/cm, Ea = 0.16 eV and σ373 = (5.34–8.16)•10-2 S/cm, Ea = 0.48–0.51 eV, respectively). In the general case, the replacement of a part of the ions of Pb2+ with Rb+ to an increase in the electrical conductivity of the samples throughout the temperature range. The activation energy of conductivity with an increase in the content of RbF in the low-temperature region in the general case increases, and at temperatures above 400 K is inversely proportional decreasing. The nature of the dependence of the activation energy on the concentration of the heterovalent substituent and its value indicate that the conductivity of the samples obtained increases with an increase in the vacancies of fluoride ions in the structure of the solid solutions.

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