scholarly journals Histological analysis of hyalinised keloidal collagen formation in earlobe keloids over time: collagen hyalinisation starts in the perivascular area

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1088-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko M Matsumoto ◽  
Wei-Xia Peng ◽  
Masayo Aoki ◽  
Satoshi Akaishi ◽  
Ryuji Ohashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Collagen Formation ◽  
Perivascular Area ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Association of marine Collagen/Biosilicate composites and photobiomodulation in the process of bone healing using an experimental model of calvarial defect

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e8610816498
Author(s):  
Giovanna Caroline Aparecida do Vale ◽  
Kelly Rossetti Fernandes ◽  
Julia Risso Parisi ◽  
Alan de França Santana ◽  
Matheus de Almeida Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Cranial Bone ◽  
Calvarial Defect ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Biological Performance ◽  
Over Time

The study comparing the bone regenerative capacity in an experimental model of cranial bone defects in rats, into 3 groups: G1: bone defects irradiated with photobiomodulation; G2: Biosilicate + photobiomodulation and G3: Biosilicate and Spongin + photobiomodulation. Histocompatibility and bone responses were performed after 15 and 45 days of implantation. Histological analysis demonstrated that photobiomodulation irradiated animals presented an increased amount of newly formed over time. Histomorphometry showed higher values for bone volume for G3 and G1, higher values for osteoid volume and number of osteoblasts observed for G3 compared to G2. TGF-β immunolabelling was higher for G2. The values found for VEGF were higher for biosilicate (with or without spongin) 15 days of implantation with an increased difference being observed for G1, 45 days after surgery. In conclusion, the stimulus provided by photobiomodulation associated to the biomimetic composite increased bone formation in the cranial bone defect in rats. Consequently, these data highlight the potential of the introduction of spongin into biosilicate and irradiated with photobiomodulation to improve the biological performance for bone regeneration applications.

scholarly journals Healing reaction to mammary prostheses covered by textured silicone and silicone foam in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Maria S. Rojas Balderrama ◽  
Jurandir Marcondes Ribas-Filho ◽  
Osvaldo Malafaia ◽  
Nicolau Gregori Czeczko ◽  
Uli Alexandre Dietz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Type I ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Collagen Formation ◽  
Silicone Foam

PURPOSE: To compare the capsular reaction to two different coverings of silicone prosthesis through the biophysical characteristic of adherence and microscopical aspects of the inflammatory reaction and collagen formation. METHODS: Thirty two Wistar rats were used. In the dorsum of each animal a silicone elastomer with a smooth superficies and another coated with texturized silicone (Mentor) was implanted. Another one, with the same smooth superficies and other coated with silicone foam (Lifesil), making up in each side, of the dorsum, the texturized and silicone foam group respectively. The animals were split into four groups to be evaluated at 7, 14, 30 and 60 days. On the evaluation dates the implant adherence was verified witch a tensiometer and the values in kgf were obtained. The material was sent to histological analysis with hematoxilin-eosin and picrosirius colorations, to evaluate the inflammatory reaction and collagen synthesis, respectively. The obtained data were submitted to statistical treatment. RESULTS: There was more adherence of the tissue to the silicone foam (P<0,001). The inflammatory reaction was more intense in the same group, but without statistical significance. The number of giant cells and granulomas were more frequent in the silicone foam group. There was statistical significance at the 60 days for granulomas (P<0,028) and for all subgroups about number of giant cells (P< 0,012 to P<0,036). The thickness of the capsule in the silicone foam group was bigger, with statistical significance at seven days (P<0,028) and 60 days (P<0,012). The collagen deposition showed no difference in statistical analysis. CONCLUSION: The capsular reaction to the silicone foam showed stronger adherence, bigger thickness and had more number of granulomas and giant cells. No difference was observed in the intensity of inflammatory reaction in relation to type I and III collagen, when compared to the texturized cover.

scholarly journals OP0189 ASSESSMENT OF CARTILAGE DEGRADATION AND PROTECTIVE MARKERS IN SYNOVIAL FLUID FROM OSTEOARTHRITIS PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER CYCLES OF INTRA-ARTICULAR INJECTIONS WITH SPRIFERMIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 117.1-118
Author(s):  
A. C. Bay-Jensen ◽  
A. Manginelli ◽  
F. Moreau ◽  
Y. He ◽  
Y. Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Chondrocyte Proliferation ◽  
Collagen Formation ◽  
Cartilage Formation ◽  
Full Time Employee ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Cartilage Turnover

Background:It is challenging to monitor treatment effects after intra-articular (IA) injection with tissue modifying drugs. Assessment of biomarker levels in synovial fluid may be one solution to the challenge. Sprifermin is a truncated form of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 18 known to induce chondrocyte proliferation and type II collagen formation [1,2]. Data from preclinical investigations show that cartilage formation happens in different phases after therapy with sprifermin, starting with a phase of cartilage degradation during the induction of proliferation of chondrocytes followed by a phase of cartilage formation/production of extracellular matrix.Objectives:The aim was to investigate the effect of IA administrated sprifermin on cartilage turnover activity as compared to placebo in the injected joint by measurement of markers using longitudinal synovial fluid samples of patients participating in the FORWARD study.Methods:Each included patient had baseline and at least one FU sample available. Synovial fluid (SF) from participants receiving injections at three consecutive weeks in six month intervals through to week (wk) 80 (fig.A) available from the phase II clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of intraarticularly delivered sprifermin [3] were selected for the investigations. Biochemical markers were measured in available SF samples of the placebo (containing saline IA, n=38) and the highest sprifermin dose group (100 mcg/IAx4, n=59). Samples were pretreated with ultrasound and centrifugation to decrease viscosity. Markers measured were PRO-C2 (type II collagen formation), huARGS (aggrecan degradation), and FBN-C (fibronectin). Markers are technically validated for synovial fluid measurement. Data were individually normalized to baseline to investigate the median proportional change over time.Results:Baseline mean (SD) levels of the markers in SF at BL were: PRO-C2, 21.4 (13.6) ng/mL, huARGS, 1117 (516) pM and FBN-C, 2556 (1959) ng/mL. PRO-C2 was initially decreased (from BL to wk 2) after injection with sprifermin; however, the level was increased at the beginning of each new injection cycle followed by a decrease after injection of sprifermin (Fig.B). Overall synovial PRO-C2 levels increased over time in therapy with sprifermin, while no change was observed for the placebo arm. huARGS showed a similar pattern as PRO-C2 – there was an overall increase in ARGS over time in the sprifermin group (fig.C). Interestingly ARGS continuously decreased over time in the placebo group. FBN-C is continuously increased after injection’s cycles, whereas no effect was seen in the placebo group (fig.D).Conclusion:Confirmatory of the preclinical investigations a biphasic response on cartilage turnover after injection with sprifermin was observed. Biochemical indications of cartilage formation and chondrocyte proliferation was only modulated in the sprifermin group, and cartilage degradation (ARGS) was temporal induced and reduced by sprifermin and placebo injections, respectively.References:[1]Gigout A, et al. “Sprifermin (rhFGF18) enables proliferation of chondrocytes producing a hyaline cartilage matrix”. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2017;25.[2]Reker D, et al. “Sprifermin (rhFGF18) modulates extracellular matrix turnover in cartilage explants ex vivo”. J Transl Med. 2017;15.[3]Hochberg MC, et al. “Effect of Intra-Articular Sprifermin vs Placebo on Femorotibial Joint Cartilage Thickness in Patients With Osteoarthritis”. JAMA. 2019; Oct 8;322(14).Disclosure of Interests:Anne-Christine Bay-Jensen Shareholder of: Nordic Bioscience A/S, Employee of: Full time employee at Nordic Bioscience A/S., Angela Manginelli Employee of: Merck KGaA, Flavie Moreau Employee of: Merck KGaA, Yi He Employee of: YH is a full time employee of Nordic Bioscience A/S, Yunyun Luo Employee of: Nordic Bioscience A/S, Jeppe Ragnar Andersen Shareholder of: Nordic Bioscience A/S., Employee of: Full time employee of Nordic Bioscience., Asger Reinstrup Bihlet Shareholder of: Nordic Bioscience A/S., Morten Karsdal Shareholder of: Nordic Bioscience A/S., Employee of: Full time employee at Nordic Bioscience A/S., Hans Gühring Employee of: Merck KGaA, Christoph Ladel Employee of: Merck KGaA

scholarly journals Corticotomy depth and regional acceleratory phenomenon intensity:

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy R. Kernitsky ◽  
Taisuke Ohira ◽  
Dhurata Shosho ◽  
June Lim ◽  
Abdullah Bamashmous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Collagen Formation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Group A ◽  
Regional Acceleratory Phenomenon ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Objectives To determine if the depth of corticotomy done with the piezoelectric knife could play a role in the intensity of the regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP). Materials and Methods Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: untreated (3 rats) and treatment (15 rats). In the treatment group, a split-model design was used. The right tibia received transcortical (deep) penetrations with the piezoelectric knife, while intracortical (shallow) penetrations were performed on the left tibia of the same animal. The rats were euthanized at day 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were taken for each sample and then assessed by histological analysis. Results Higher amounts of osteoclastic activity and new collagen formation were observed in the deep penetration group when compared with the shallow penetration group. The former peaked at day 14 for both groups (1.53% ± 0.01% vs 0.03% ± 0.0004%, respectively), and the latter peaked at day 28 (0.65 × 106 ± 0.01 vs 0.08 × 106 ± 0.0008, respectively). Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, it appears that the intensity of the RAP in the rat is corticotomy depth dependent. This is to be kept in mind when decorticating the bone during surgically facilitated orthodontic procedures.

scholarly journals Histologic Changes of Implanted Gore Bio-A in an Experimental Animal Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwan Koo Yeo ◽  
Tae Hwan Park ◽  
Jin Hyuk Park ◽  
Choong Hyun Chang ◽  
June-kyu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Soft Tissue Augmentation ◽  
Scaffold Material ◽  
Tissue Augmentation ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Histologic Changes ◽  
Over Time

Gore Bio-A has been reported to be an ideal synthetic bioabsorbable scaffold material for hernia repair. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Gore Bio-A in soft tissue augmentation. Six New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study. Five subcutaneous pockets were created on the back of the rabbit, and20×20 mm sized square shaped Gore Bio-A sheets, each 1.5 mm, 3 mm, 4.5 mm, 6 mm, and 7.5 mm in thickness, were implanted into each pocket (1 layer to 5 layers). To analyze the morphologic and histologic changes, the implants were harvested 1, 3, and 6 months after implantation. Following the gross analysis, absorption rate was accelerated with increased implant duration and decreased thickness. Histological analysis of the implants demonstrated progressive neovascularization, fibroblast infiltration, and neocollagenation over time. Six months after implantation, Gore Bio-A was almost absorbed and degenerated, not maintaining its volume. Based on this study, Gore Bio-A was revealed as a biocompatible material; however, it is not suitable for soft tissue augmentation because it is absorbed in the process of changing into soft tissue without maintaining its own volume. Therefore, this material is incomplete and needs more study to overcome this limitation.

Social transmission bias and the cultural evolution of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hirshleifer ◽  
Siew Hong Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

AbstractEvolved dispositions influence, but do not determine, how people think about economic problems. The evolutionary cognitive approach offers important insights but underweights the social transmission of ideas as a level of explanation. The need for asocialexplanation for the evolution of economic attitudes is evidenced, for example, by immense variations in folk-economic beliefs over time and across individuals.

Ultrastructural analysis of collagen formation in the developing primate amnion

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
Barry F. King ◽  
Grete N. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Collagen Fibril ◽  
Fibril Formation ◽  
Amniotic Cavity ◽  
Cytological Evidence ◽  
Mammalian Embryo ◽  
Intracellular Location ◽  
Collagen Formation ◽  
Amniotic Epithelium ◽  
Extraembryonic Mesoderm

The amnion surrounding the mammalian embryo consists of the amniotic epithelium facing the amniotic cavity, a layer of extraembryonic mesoderm bordering the exocoelom and an intervening layer of extracellular matrix (Fig. 1). During gestation the amnion expands remarkably to acommodate the rapidly growing embryo. In this study we have examined the process of collagen fibril formation in the developing amnion of the rhesus monkey between 20 and 60 days of gestation.Most cytological evidence of collagen fibril formation was observed in association with the extraembryonic mesodermal cells rather than the amniotic epithelium. The mesodermal cells h ad abundant cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum and a prominent Golgi apparatus. Elongated secretory vacuoles were associated with the Golgi apparatus and often contained parallel aggregates of fine filaments (Fig. 2). In some secretory vacuoles, periodic densities also were observed. Some striated collagen fibrils were observed in an apparent intracellular location in long, membrane-limited compartments (Fig. 3). Still other striated fibrils were observed in dense bodies, presumably lysosomes (Fig. 4).

Articulatory Generalization in Two Word-Medial, Ambisyllabic Contexts

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia I. Wolfe ◽  
Suzanne D. Blocker ◽  
Norma J. Prater
Keyword(s):  
Common View ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
The Common ◽  
Unitary Concept ◽  
Over Time

Articulatory generalization of velar cognates /k/, /g/ in two phonologically disordered children was studied over time as a function of sequential word-morpheme position training. Although patterns of contextual acquisition differed, correct responses to the word-medial, inflected context (e.g., "picking," "hugging") occurred earlier and exceeded those to the word-medial, noninflected context (e.g., "bacon," "wagon"). This finding indicates that the common view of the word-medial position as a unitary concept is an oversimplification. Possible explanations for superior generalization to the word-medial, inflected position are discussed in terms of coarticulation, perceptual salience, and the representational integrity of the word.

Treatment Fidelity Procedures for an Aphasia Intervention Within a Randomized Controlled Trial: Design, Feasibility, and Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1S) ◽  
pp. 412-424
Author(s):  
Elissa L. Conlon ◽  
Emily J. Braun ◽  
Edna M. Babbitt ◽  
Leora R. Cherney
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Treatment Fidelity ◽  
Protocol Adherence ◽  
Study Condition ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Aphasia Therapy ◽  
Percent Accuracy ◽  
Over Time

Purpose This study reports on the treatment fidelity procedures implemented during a 5-year randomized controlled trial comparing intensive and distributed comprehensive aphasia therapy. Specifically, the results of 1 treatment, verb network strengthening treatment (VNeST), are examined. Method Eight participants were recruited for each of 7 consecutive cohorts for a total of 56 participants. Participants completed 60 hr of aphasia therapy, including 15 hr of VNeST. Two experienced speech-language pathologists delivered the treatment. To promote treatment fidelity, the study team developed a detailed manual of procedures and fidelity checklists, completed role plays to standardize treatment administration, and video-recorded all treatment sessions for review. To assess protocol adherence during treatment delivery, trained research assistants not involved in the treatment reviewed video recordings of a subset of randomly selected VNeST treatment sessions and completed the fidelity checklists. This process was completed for 32 participants representing 2 early cohorts and 2 later cohorts, which allowed for measurement of protocol adherence over time. Percent accuracy of protocol adherence was calculated across clinicians, cohorts, and study condition (intensive vs. distributed therapy). Results The fidelity procedures were sufficient to promote and verify a high level of adherence to the treatment protocol across clinicians, cohorts, and study condition. Conclusion Treatment fidelity strategies and monitoring are feasible when incorporated into the study design. Treatment fidelity monitoring should be completed at regular intervals during the course of a study to ensure that high levels of protocol adherence are maintained over time and across conditions.

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