Sensitivity analyses and measurements for group decisions using weighted scoring rules

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 959-975
Author(s):  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Yang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Scoring Rules ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Group Decisions

Frames in Context: Comparing Technology-Mediated and Face-to-Face Group Decisions

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Handgraaf ◽  
Philip Schuette ◽  
Nicole Yoskowitz ◽  
Elke Weber ◽  
Kerry Milch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Decisions ◽  
Face To Face

Stroke Prevention in Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Judith O’Brien ◽  
Wendy Klittich ◽  
J. Jaime Caro
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Clinical Trial Data ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Bleeding Events ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
The Cost

SummaryDespite evidence from 6 major clinical trials that warfarin effectively prevents strokes in atrial fibrillation, clinicians and health care managers may remain reluctant to support anticoagulant prophylaxis because of its perceived costs. Yet, doing nothing also has a price. To assess this, we carried out a pharmacoe-conomic analysis of warfarin use in atrial fibrillation. The course of the disease, including the occurrence of cerebral and systemic emboli, intracranial and other major bleeding events, was modeled and a meta-analysis of the clinical trials and other relevant literature was carried out to estimate the required probabilities with and without warfarin use. The cost of managing each event, including acute and subsequent care, home care equipment and MD costs, was derived by estimating the cost per resource unit, the proportion consuming each resource and the volume of use. Unit costs and volumes of use were determined from established US government databases, all charges were adjusted using cost-to-charge ratios, and a 3% discount rate was applied to costs incurred beyond the first year. The proportions of patients consuming each resource were estimated by fitting a joint distribution to the clinical trial data, stroke outcome data from a recent Swedish study and aggregate ICD-9 specific, Massachusetts discharge data. If nothing is done, 3.2% more patients will suffer serious emboli annually and the expected annual cost of managing a patient will increase by DM 2,544 (1996 German Marks), from DM 4,366 to DM 6,910. Extensive multiway sensitivity analyses revealed that the higher price of doing nothing persists except for very extreme combinations of inputs unsupported by literature or clinical standards. The price of doing nothing is thus so high, both in health and economic terms, that cost-consciousness as well as clinical considerations mandate warfarin prophylaxis in atrial fibrillation.

Further research for sensitivity analyses of discrete periodic systems

AIAA Journal ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 653-656
Author(s):  
Ying Gu ◽  
Lifen Chen ◽  
Wenliang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Periodic Systems

Learning Importance of Preferences

10.29007/v68w ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhu ◽  
Mirek Truszczynski
Keyword(s):  
Polynomial Time ◽  
Polynomial Time Algorithm ◽  
Time Algorithm ◽  
Scoring Rules ◽  
Np Hard ◽  
Individual Preferences

We study the problem of learning the importance of preferences in preference profiles in two important cases: when individual preferences are aggregated by the ranked Pareto rule, and when they are aggregated by positional scoring rules. For the ranked Pareto rule, we provide a polynomial-time algorithm that finds a ranking of preferences such that the ranked profile correctly decides all the examples, whenever such a ranking exists. We also show that the problem to learn a ranking maximizing the number of correctly decided examples (also under the ranked Pareto rule) is NP-hard. We obtain similar results for the case of weighted profiles when positional scoring rules are used for aggregation.

Indicated preventive interventions for anxiety in children and adolescents: a review and meta-analysis of school based programs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan Hugh-Jones ◽  
Sophie Beckett ◽  
Pavan Mallikarjun
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Adolescent Anxiety ◽  
School Based ◽  
Intervention Intensity ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
And Control

Schools are promising sites for the delivery of prevention and early intervention programs to reduce child and adolescent anxiety. It is unclear whether universal or targeted approaches are most effective. This review and meta-analysis examines the effectiveness of school-based indicated interventions and was registered with PROSPERO [CRD42018087628].MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomised controlled trials comparing indicated school programs for child and adolescent anxiety to active or inactive control groups. Twenty original studies, with 2076 participants, met the inclusion criteria and 18 were suitable for meta-analysis. Sub-group and sensitivity analyses explored intervention intensity, delivery agent and control type. A small beneficial effect was found for indicated programs compared to controls on self-reported anxiety symptoms at post-test (g = -0.28, CI = -0.50, -0.05, k= 18). The small effect was maintained at 6 (g = -0.35, CI= -0.58, -0.13, k = 9) and 12 months (g = -0.24, CI = -0.48, 0.00, k = 4). Based on two studies, >12 month effects were very small (g = -0.01, CI= -0.38, 0.36). No differences were found based on intervention intensity, delivery agent and control type. There was evidence of publication bias and a relatively high risk of contamination in studies. Findings support the value of school based indicated programs for child and adolescent anxiety. Effects at 12 months outperform many universal programs. High quality, randomised controlled and pragmatic trials are needed, with attention control groups and beyond 12 month diagnostic assessments are needed.

A SIMPLIFIED ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE FOR SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF TIMBER LIGHT-FRAME SHEAR WALLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Special Issue on First SACEE'19) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Giorgia Di Gangi ◽  
Giorgio Monti ◽  
Giuseppe Quaranta ◽  
Marco Vailati ◽  
Cristoforo Demartino
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Damping Factor ◽  
Equivalent Viscous Damping ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Depth Analysis

The seismic performance of timber light-frame shear walls is investigated in this paper with a focus on energy dissipation and ductility ensured by sheathing-to-framing connections. An original parametric finite element model has been developed in order to perform sensitivity analyses. The model considers the design variables affecting the racking load-carrying capacity of the wall. These variables include aspect ratio (height-to-width ratio), fastener spacing, number of vertical studs and framing elements cross-section size. A failure criterion has been defined based on the observation of both the global behaviour of the wall and local behaviour of fasteners in order to identify the ultimate displacement of the wall. The equivalent viscous damping has been numerically assessed by estimating the damping factor which is in use in the capacity spectrum method. Finally, an in-depth analysis of the results obtained from the sensitivity analyses led to the development of a simplified analytical procedure which is able to predict the capacity curve of a timber light-frame shear wall.

A Primer on the Assessment of Economic Impacts of Leisure Events

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Ove Oklevik ◽  
Grzegorz Kwiatkowski ◽  
Mona Kristin Nytun ◽  
Helene Maristuen
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Music Festival ◽  
Economic Impact Analysis ◽  
Economic Impact Assessment ◽  
Input Variables

The quality of any economic impact assessment largely depends on the adequacy of the input variables and chosen assumptions. This article presents a direct economic impact assessment of a music festival hosted in Norway and sensitivity analyses of two study design assumptions: estimated number of attendees and chosen definition (size) of the affected area. Empirically, the article draws on a state-of-the-art framework of an economic impact analysis and uses primary data from 471 event attendees. The results show that, first, an economic impact analysis is a complex task that requires high precision in assessing different monetary flows entering and leaving the host region, and second, the study design assumptions exert a tremendous influence on the final estimation. Accordingly, the study offers a fertile agenda for local destination marketing organizers and event managers on how to conduct reliable economic impact assessments and explains which elements of such analyses are particularly important for final estimations.

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