Is there a 'safe area' where the nonresponse rate has only a modest effect on bias despite non‐ignorable nonresponse?

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 642-657
Author(s):  
Dan Hedlin
Keyword(s):  
Safe Area ◽  
Nonresponse Rate ◽  
Modest Effect

Visualising Resilience

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
Pramod K. Nayar
Keyword(s):  
Good Thing ◽  
Social Resilience ◽  
Safe Area ◽  
People First ◽  
The Town

This article argues that Joe Sacco in Safe Area Goražde, first published in 2000, constantly draws our attention to the resilience of the Goražde people who recover from their horrific experiences of the 1994–95 massacres, as a way of pointing to the continuing trauma of the same people. First, Sacco depicts both individual and social resilience. He then presents the inhabitants of the town as living in perpetual risk, for resilience demands the mobilisation of disaster or its threat as a constant presence. Third, resilience is linked to the collapse of cultural protection where the survivors are transformed into previvors of a future disaster. Sacco suggests that resilience, then, is not a good thing after all because it opens up already embedded vulnerability to greater exposure and an uncertain, but not secure, future.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of the Role of Pol II Holoenzyme Components in Repression by the Cyc8-Tup1 Corepressor in Yeast

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 1535-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Lee ◽  
Sukalyan Chatterjee ◽  
Kevin Struhl
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Repression ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Histone Tails ◽  
Pol Ii ◽  
Corepressor Complex ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Modest Effect

Abstract The Cyc8-Tup1 corepressor complex is targeted to promoters by pathway-specific DNA-binding repressors, thereby inhibiting the transcription of specific classes of genes. Genetic screens have identified mutations in a variety of Pol II holoenzyme components (Srb8, Srb9, Srb10, Srb11, Sin4, Rgr1, Rox3, and Hrs1) and in the N-terminal tails of histones H3 and H4 that weaken repression by Cyc8-Tup1. Here, we analyze the effect of individual and multiple mutations in many of these components on transcriptional repression of natural promoters that are regulated by Cyc8-Tup1. In all cases tested, individual mutations have a very modest effect on SUC2 RNA levels and no detectable effect on levels of ANB1, MFA2, and RNR2. Furthermore, multiple mutations within the Srb components, between Srbs and Sin4, and between Srbs and histone tails affect Cyc8-Tup1 repression to the same modest extent as the individual mutations. These results argue that the weak effects of the various mutations on repression by Cyc8-Tup1 are not due to redundancy among components of the Pol II machinery, and they argue against a simple redundancy between the holoenzyme and chromatin pathways. In addition, phenotypic analysis indicates that, although Srbs8–11 are indistinguishable with respect to Cyc8-Tup1 repression, the individual Srbs are functionally distinct in other respects. Genetic interactions among srb mutations imply that a balance between the activities of Srb8 + Srb10 and Srb11 is important for normal cell growth.

scholarly journals Dissociation, Cognitive Reflection and Health Literacy Have a Modest Effect on Belief in Conspiracy Theories about COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5065
Author(s):  
Vojtech Pisl ◽  
Jan Volavka ◽  
Edita Chvojkova ◽  
Katerina Cechova ◽  
Gabriela Kavalirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Cognitive Reflection ◽  
Variance Explained ◽  
Modest Effect

Understanding the predictors of belief in COVID-related conspiracy theories and willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 may aid the resolution of current and future pandemics. We investigate how psychological and cognitive characteristics influence general conspiracy mentality and COVID-related conspiracy theories. A cross-sectional study was conducted based on data from an online survey of a sample of Czech university students (n = 866) collected in January 2021, using multivariate linear regression and mediation analysis. Sixteen percent of respondents believed that COVID-19 is a hoax, and 17% believed that COVID-19 was intentionally created by humans. Seven percent of the variance of the hoax theory and 10% of the variance of the creation theory was explained by (in descending order of relevance) low cognitive reflection, low digital health literacy, high experience with dissociation and, to some extent, high bullshit receptivity. Belief in COVID-related conspiracy theories depended less on psychological and cognitive variables compared to conspiracy mentality (16% of the variance explained). The effect of digital health literacy on belief in COVID-related theories was moderated by cognitive reflection. Belief in conspiracy theories related to COVID-19 was influenced by experience with dissociation, cognitive reflection, digital health literacy and bullshit receptivity.

A Study of Ecological Security Assessment for Natural Reserve

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 1081-1086
Author(s):  
Zhao Yan Diao ◽  
De Rong Su ◽  
Shi Hai Lv ◽  
Zhi Rong Zheng ◽  
Sheng Xing Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Security Assessment ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Safety Index ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Safe Area

Based on TM remote sensing image and topographic map, the spatial information of landscape pattern was extracted in study areas in 1990, 2000 and 2010. With the principles and methods of landscape ecology, land use/cover change, ecosystem service values were selected to construct the ecological safety index which was used to quantitatively analyze the dynamic changes of landscape pattern and elucidated ecological safety status in study area. Result showed that During the 20 years from 1990 to 2010, as human factors interference increase, the farmland and construction land increased by 21.11% and 15.38% respectively, the grassland area is reduced by 27.57%.Cropland had an increased trend during the period of 1990 to 2010 period, The wood land and swamp land had an increased trend during the period of 1990 to 2000 area also, but reduced during from 2000 to 2010.From 1990 to 2010, the whole study area lied in the level of relatively safer, but the safe area was reduced the amount of 4967 ha during 2000 to 2010. The relatively safer land areas was increased first then reduced during the whole study period, the relatively non-safer level land and relatively safer level land areas were accounting for 10.81% and 2.92% of the total area respectively.

scholarly journals Policosanol Attenuates Statin-Induced Increases in Serum Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 When Combined with Atorvastatin

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Lin Guo ◽  
Rui-Xia Xu ◽  
Cheng-Gang Zhu ◽  
Na-Qiong Wu ◽  
Zhi-Ping Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Proprotein Convertase ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Modest Effect

Objective. Statin treatment alone has been demonstrated to significantly increase plasma proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels. The effect of policosanol combined with statin on PCSK9 is unknown.Methods. Protocol I: 26 patients with atherosclerosis were randomly assigned to receive either atorvastatin 20 mg/d or policosanol 20 mg/d + atorvastatin 20 mg/d for 8 weeks. Protocol II: 15 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to either policosanol 20 mg/d or a control group for 12 weeks. Serum levels of PCSK9 were determined at day 0 and the end of each protocol.Results. Protocol I: atorvastatin 20 mg/d significantly increased serum PCSK9 level by 39.4% (256 ± 84 ng/mL versus 357 ± 101 ng/mL,P=0.002). However, policosanol 20 mg/d + atorvastatin 20 mg/d increased serum PCSK9 level by only 17.4% without statistical significance (264 ± 60 ng/mL versus 310 ± 86 ng/mL,P=0.184). Protocol II: there was a trend toward decreasing serum PCSK9 levels in the policosanol group (289 ± 71 ng/mL versus 235 ± 46 ng/mL,P=0.069).Conclusion. Policosanol combined with statin attenuated the statin-induced increase in serum PCSK9 levels. This finding indicates that policosanol might have a modest effect of lowering serum PCSK9 levels.

Abstract 260: Knockout of Apolipoprotein A-II Has Dramatic Effects on High-Density Lipoprotein Subspecies Distribution

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott M Gordon ◽  
Catherine A Reardon ◽  
Godfrey S Getz ◽  
W S Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Compositional Diversity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modest Effect

High density lipoproteins (HDL) are a highly heterogeneous population of particles composed of various lipids and proteins. They have been demonstrated to possess a diverse variety of functional properties which are thought to contribute to protection against cardiovascular disease (CVD). Proteomics studies have identified up to 75 different proteins which can associate with HDL. The basis for the compositional diversity of HDL is not known but a better understanding will yield important information about its broad functional diversity. To investigate the impact of common HDL apolipoproteins on the distribution of other apolipoproteins, we have begun to systematically fractionate plasma from various HDL apolipoprotein KO mice. Plasma from apoA-I, apoA-IV and apoA-II global KO mice was applied to gel filtration chromatography to distinguish HDL size populations. HDL particles sequestered by a phospholipid binding resin were proteomically analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. By comparing elution volume shifts (i.e. particle size variations) for each HDL protein between WT controls and the KO models, we assessed the impact of the deleted protein on HDL size distributions. Ablation of apoA-I, while decreasing total HDL phospholipid by 70%, had a surprisingly small impact on the distribution of the majority of other HDL associated proteins - affecting only 9 of them. Genetic apoA-IV ablation had a similar modest effect shifting a distinct subset of 9 proteins. However, loss of apoA-II, in addition to causing a similar 70% reduction in overall HDL phospholipids, affected the size distribution of some 45 HDL proteins (including several complement proteins and paraoxonase-1). These data suggest that apoA-I, while associated with the majority of HDL phospholipid, may actually interact with relatively few of the lower abundance proteins known to be associated with HDL. ApoA-II on the other hand, may interact with many of these, perhaps acting as a docking site or adaptor molecule.

scholarly journals The transition from memory retrieval to extinction

2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín Cammarota ◽  
Daniela M. Barros ◽  
Mónica R.M. Vianna ◽  
Lia R.M. Bevilaqua ◽  
Adriana Coitinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basolateral Amygdala ◽  
Conditioned Fear ◽  
Test Session ◽  
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors ◽  
Molecular Systems ◽  
Safe Area ◽  
The Us ◽  
New Learning ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Training Apparatus

Memory is measured by measuring retrieval. Retrieval is often triggered by the conditioned stimulus (CS); however, as known since Pavlov, presentation of the CS alone generates extinction. One-trial avoidance (IA) is a much used conditioned fear paradigm in which the CS is the safe part of a training apparatus, the unconditioned stimulus (US) is a footshock and the conditioned response is to stay in the safe area. In IA, retrieval is measured without the US, as latency to step-down from the safe area (i.e., a platform). Extinction is installed at the moment of the first unreinforced test session, as clearly shown by the fact that many drugs, including PKA, ERK and protein synthesis inhibitors as well as NMDA receptor antagonists, hinder extinction when infused into the hippocampus or the basolateral amygdala at the moment of the first test session but not later. Some, but not all the molecular systems required for extinction are also activated by retrieval, further endorsing the hypothesis that although retrieval is behaviorally and biochemically necessary for the generation of extinction, this last process constitutes a new learning secondary to the unreinforced expression of the original trace.

scholarly journals Storytelling as a trigger for sharing conversations

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Louise Parfitt ◽  
Emma Louise Parfitt
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Oral Storytelling ◽  
Safe Place ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Safe Area ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Research Analysis

This article explores whether traditional oral storytelling can be used to provide insights into the way in which young people of 12-14 years identify and understand the language of emotion and behaviour. Following the preliminary analysis, I propose that storytelling may trigger sharing conversations. My research attempts to extend the social and historical perspectives of Jack Zipes, on fairy tales, into a sociological analysis of young people’s lives today. I seek to investigate the extent that the storytelling space offers potential benefits as a safe place for young people to share emotions and experiences, and learn from one another. My research analysis involved NVivo coding of one hour storytelling and focus group sessions, held over five weeks. In total, there were six groups of four children, of mixed ethnicity, gender, ability, and socio-economic background, from three schools within Warwickshire. The results confirmed that the beneficial effects of the storytelling space include a safe area for sharing emotions and experiences, and in general for supporting young people outside formal learning settings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document