scholarly journals The past, present, and future of indoor air chemistry

Indoor Air ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-376
Author(s):  
Gabriel Bekö ◽  
Nicola Carslaw ◽  
Patrik Fauser ◽  
Violeta Kauneliene ◽  
Sascha Nehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
The Past ◽  
Air Chemistry

scholarly journals Indoor Air Pollution in Cars: An Update on Novel Insights

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Zulauf ◽  
Janis Dröge ◽  
Doris Klingelhöfer ◽  
Markus Braun ◽  
Gerhard M. Oremek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
International Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Private Households ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Mode Of Transport

From a global viewpoint, a lot of time is spent within the indoor air compartment of vehicles. A German study on mobility has revealed that, on average, people spend 45 minutes per day inside vehicles. In recent years the number of cars has increased to around 43 million vehicles in private households. This means that more than one car can be used in every household. The ratio has been growing, especially in eastern Germany and rural areas. “Overall and especially outside the cities, the car remains by far number one mode of transport, especially in terms of mileage”. Therefore, numerous international studies have addressed different aspects of indoor air hygiene, in the past years. In this paper, meaningful original studies on car indoor air pollution, related to VOCs, COx, PMs, microbials, BFRs, OPFRs, cigarettes, electronic smoking devices, high molecular weight plasticizer, and NOx are summarized in the form of a review. This present review aimed to summarize recently published studies in this important field of environmental medicine and points to the need for further studies with special recommendations for optimizing the interior air hygiene.

Indoor Air Chemistry: Formation of Organic Acids and Aldehydes

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1975-1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junfeng. Zhang ◽  
William E. Wilson ◽  
Paul J. Lioy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Chemistry

New Directions: Where is the link between reactive indoor air chemistry and health effects?

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (24) ◽  
pp. 3808-3809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Carslaw ◽  
Sarka Langer ◽  
Peder Wolkoff
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Air Chemistry

scholarly journals Investigation on air quality of specific indoor environments—spa salons located in Gdynia, Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaudia Pytel ◽  
Renata Marcinkowska ◽  
Bożena Zabiegała
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Air Chemistry ◽  
Total Volatile Organic Compounds

Abstract Due to excessive application of essential oils and scented products in spa salons during aromatherapy and massage sessions, the elevated concentration of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), particularly terpenes, which are known as secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursors, is expected there. This study was aimed at determination of VOCs with a particular regard to terpenes in air samples collected in selected spa salons located in Northern Poland. Active air sampling was conducted before and after treatments. Samples were analyzed with the use of thermal desorption gas chromatography coupled with flame-ionization detector (TD-GC-FID) and mass spectrometer (TD-GC-MS). Obtained results allowed to characterize chemical composition of indoor air of spa salons and also to relate the dependence between applied essential oil and indoor air chemical composition. It has been proved that (i) spa salons are characterized by TVOC concentrations exceeding recommended values of 300–400 μg m−3 in most of examined cases, reaching up to several thousand of micrograms per cubic meter, (ii) TVOC concentration is strictly related to salon characteristics and carried out treatments, (iii) terpenes constitute a significant part of TVOCs present in spa indoor air, from 22 up to 86%, (iv) most commonly investigated terpenes in the literature (d-limonene, α-pinene, camphene, and linalool) were also determined at the highest concentration levels in this study and (v) VOC chemical composition is strictly dependent on the type of applied essential oils. On the basis of obtained results, it may be stated that extensive application of essential oils rich in terpenes can significantly alter indoor air chemistry of spa salons, thereby influencing health and well-being of employees working there.

scholarly journals How do breath and skin emissions impact indoor air chemistry?

Indoor Air ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kruza ◽  
Nicola Carslaw
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Chemistry

scholarly journals Secondary product creation potential (SPCP): a metric for assessing the potential impact of indoor air pollution on human health

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1313-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Carslaw ◽  
David Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Secondary Product ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Air Chemistry ◽  
Product Creation ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact

Secondary Product Creation Potential (SPCP): a new metric for ranking the impact of volatile organic compounds on indoor air chemistry and human health.

scholarly journals Indoor air quality, ventilation and respiratory health in elderly residents living in nursing homes in Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1228-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malek Bentayeb ◽  
Dan Norback ◽  
Micha Bednarek ◽  
Alfred Bernard ◽  
Guihong Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comfort Parameters

Few data exist on respiratory effects of indoor air quality and comfort parameters in the elderly. In the context of the GERIE study, we investigated for the first time the relationships of these factors to respiratory morbidity among elderly people permanently living in nursing homes in seven European countries.600 elderly people from 50 nursing homes underwent a medical examination and completed a standardised questionnaire. Air quality and comfort parameters were objectively assessed in situ in the nursing home. Mean concentrations of air pollutants did not exceed the existing standards.Forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity ratio was highly significantly related to elevated levels of particles with a 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameter of <0.1 µm (PM0.1) (adjusted OR 8.16, 95% CI 2.24–29.3) and nitrogen dioxide (aOR 3.74, 95% CI 1.06–13.1). Excess risks for usual breathlessness and cough were found with elevated PM10 (aOR 1.53 (95% CI 1.15–2.07) and aOR 1.73 (95% CI 1.17–10.3), respectively) and nitrogen dioxide (aOR 1.58 (95% CI 1.15–2.20) and aOR 1.56 (95% CI 1.03–2.41), respectively). Excess risks for wheeze in the past year were found with PM0.1 (aOR 2.82, 95% CI 1.15–7.02) and for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and exhaled carbon monoxide with formaldehyde (aOR 3.49 (95% CI 1.17–10.3) and aOR 1.25 (95% CI 1.02–1.55), respectively). Breathlessness and cough were associated with higher carbon dioxide. Relative humidity was inversely related to wheeze in the past year and usual cough. Elderly subjects aged ≥80 years were at higher risk. Pollutant effects were more pronounced in the case of poor ventilation.Even at low levels, indoor air quality affected respiratory health in elderly people permanently living in nursing homes, with frailty increasing with age. The effects were modulated by ventilation.

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