scholarly journals Emissions of volatile organic compounds from polymer‐based consumer products: Comparison of three emission chamber sizes

Indoor Air ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgane Even ◽  
Christoph Hutzler ◽  
Olaf Wilke ◽  
Andreas Luch
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Volatile Organic

Risk Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene (BTEX) in Consumer Products

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (22-24) ◽  
pp. 1502-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Kwang Lim ◽  
Han Seung Shin ◽  
Kyung Sil Yoon ◽  
Seung Jun Kwack ◽  
Yoon Mi Um ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Benzene Toluene

scholarly journals Integrating Personal Air Sensor and GPS to Determine Microenvironment-Specific Exposures to Volatile Organic Compounds

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5659
Author(s):  
Michael S. Breen ◽  
Vlad Isakov ◽  
Steven Prince ◽  
Kennedy McGuinness ◽  
Peter P. Egeghy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Volatile Organic

Personal exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from indoor sources including consumer products is an understudied public health concern. To develop and evaluate methods for monitoring personal VOC exposures, we performed a pilot study and examined time-resolved sensor-based measurements of geocoded total VOC (TVOC) exposures across individuals and microenvironments (MEs). We integrated continuous (1 min) data from a personal TVOC sensor and a global positioning system (GPS) logger, with a GPS-based ME classification model, to determine TVOC exposures in four MEs, including indoors at home (Home-In), indoors at other buildings (Other-In), inside vehicles (In-Vehicle), and outdoors (Out), across 45 participant-days for five participants. To help identify places with large emission sources, we identified high-exposure events (HEEs; TVOC > 500 ppb) using geocoded TVOC time-course data overlaid on Google Earth maps. Across the 45 participant-days, the MEs ranked from highest to lowest median TVOC were: Home-In (165 ppb), Other-In (86 ppb), In-Vehicle (52 ppb), and Out (46 ppb). For the two participants living in single-family houses with attached garages, the median exposures for Home-In were substantially higher (209, 416 ppb) than the three participant homes without attached garages: one living in a single-family house (129 ppb), and two living in apartments (38, 60 ppb). The daily average Home-In exposures exceeded the estimated Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) building guideline of 108 ppb for 60% of the participant-days. We identified 94 HEEs across all participant-days, and 67% of the corresponding peak levels exceeded 1000 ppb. The MEs ranked from the highest to the lowest number of HEEs were: Home-In (60), Other-In (13), In-Vehicle (12), and Out (9). For Other-In and Out, most HEEs occurred indoors at fast food restaurants and retail stores, and outdoors in parking lots, respectively. For Home-In HEEs, the median TVOC emission and removal rates were 5.4 g h−1 and 1.1 h−1, respectively. Our study demonstrates the ability to determine individual sensor-based time-resolved TVOC exposures in different MEs, in support of identifying potential sources and exposure factors that can inform exposure mitigation strategies.

scholarly journals Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds (Anti-freezing Agents) in Decorative Water-based Paints Marketed in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajoke F. Idayat Apanpa-Qasim ◽  
Adebola A. Adeyi
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Diethylene Glycol ◽  
Triethylene Glycol ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Water Based

Background. Consumer products such as paints are a potentially significant source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and oxygenated VOCs. Paints for construction and household use have been rapidly changing from oil-based to water-based paints and are one of the commonly identified sources of oxygenated VOCs in indoor environments. Objectives. Four different anti-freezing agents were identified and analyzed in 174 waterbased paint samples, purchased from popular paint markets in two metropolitan cities in Nigeria, Lagos and Ibadan. Methods. Paint samples were solvent extracted using acetonitrile and milli-Q water. Antifreezing agents in the extracts were identified and quantified using gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry and a GC-flame ionization detector, respectively. Discussion. Four different anti-freezing agents were identified in the samples, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and propylene glycol. Their levels ranged from 1,000-1,980 ppm, diethylene glycol; 1,000–3,900 ppm, triethylene glycol; 1,090–2,510 ppm, propylene glycol and 1,350–2,710 ppm, ethylene glycol. Levels of anti-freezing agents in all of the paint samples were above the permissible limits of the European Union for VOCs in paints of 500 ppm. Results of multivariate statistical analyses clearly showed that triethylene glycol was the most commonly used anti-freezing agent in paints despite its numerous harmful health effects. Conclusions. We concluded that water-based paints marketed in Nigeria contain high concentrations of anti-freezing agents, which have harmful environmental and human health effects, especially to sensitive individuals such as children. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

scholarly journals Assessment of residential exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 726-732
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Residential Exposure ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Potential Sources

There is increasing concern about indoor air pollution worldwide due to its adverse health effects. One of the predominant indoor air pollutant groups is assumed to be volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including a variety of hydrocarbons with different functional groups. Among VOCs, some species have carcinogenic effects, and some are widely used in many consumer products. CO2 is assumed to be an indicator of ventilation adequacy. Thus, elevated indoor CO2 levels are linked with the discomfort level of occupants. Residential exposure to VOCs and CO2 in 6 different homes located in 3 different towns in Canakkale, Turkey were assessed for about a year. Also, a home inventory was used to identify the potential sources of VOCs and CO2 as well as environmental concerns of the occupants. The highest levels of indoor CO2, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), benzene, toluene, and xylenes were found at industrial sampling sites. A connection between aspects of the outdoor environment (i.e. availability of potential sources) and residential exposure to air pollutants was found. Also, some activities (e.g. heating fuel type, house cleaning frequency, etc.) and factors (e.g. characteristics of the outdoor environment) influenced residential exposure to VOCs and CO2.

Emissions of volatile organic compounds from building materials and consumer products

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance A. Wallace ◽  
Edo Pellizzari ◽  
Brian Leaderer ◽  
Harvey Zelon ◽  
Linda Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals A review of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in the indoor environment: occurrence in consumer products, indoor air and dust

Chemosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 466-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Lucattini ◽  
Giulia Poma ◽  
Adrian Covaci ◽  
Jacob de Boer ◽  
Marja H. Lamoree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Volatile Organic

Biological monitoring for exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (IUPAC Recommendations 2000)

2000 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Heinrich-Ramm ◽  
M. Jakubowski ◽  
B. Heinzow ◽  
J. Molin Christensen ◽  
E. Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Biological Monitoring ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Volatile Organic

This paper deals with the appropriate application of biological monitoring (BM) for exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Sampling guidelines, approved analytical procedures, quality control systems, detailed aspects for the interpretation of biomonitoring data, a compilation of international biological action values for VOC exposure at the workplace (e.g., BAT, BEI®), and state of the art reference values are outlined or referred to in this review for recommendation as guidelines for health professionals in occupational and environmental settings.VOCs are frequently encountered at the workplace, in daily routines and widely used consumer products. They cover a broad spectrum of chemical classes with different physicochemical and biological properties. Inhalation is a prominent route of exposure due to their volatility but many VOCs can quite readily be absorbed through the skin. BM allows assessment of the integrated exposure by different routes including inhalation and concomitant dermal and oral uptake—a helpful tool for relating exposure to body burden and possible health effects. Because of the different toxicological profiles of VOCs, no uniform approach for BM can be recommended. VOCs in blood and urinary VOC metabolites are most often applied for BM. Limit values for workplace exposure have been established for many VOCs. In this field, profound analytical methodology and extensive experience exist in numerous international scientific laboratories for reliable routine application. Contamination and loss of VOCs during specimen collection, storage and sample treatment, and applied calibration procedure are the most important uncertainties for analytical quantification of VOCs in blood. For interpretation of the analytical results appropriate time of sampling, according to toxicokinetics of the compound, is crucial due to VOC elimination with short but differing biological half-lives. Lifestyle factors (such as smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and dietary habits), workload, personal working habits, exposure to VOC mixtures and endogeous factors (as genetic polymorphism for VOC metabolizing enzymes, body mass) contribute to BM results and have to be considered in detail. Future analytical work should focus on the improvement of analytical methodology of VOC determination in body fluids at low-level environmental exposure and evaluation of corresponding reference intervals.

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