Including eating lead‐shot meat in the differential diagnosis of non‐specific symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1293-1294
Author(s):  
Gareth Parry ◽  
Eric J. Buenz
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Lead Shot ◽  
Specific Symptoms

scholarly journals Differential Diagnosis between the Varieties of Vasculitis Forms

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Joana Hankollari ◽  
Marsida Duli ◽  
Qamil Dika ◽  
Xhenila Duli ◽  
Indrit Bimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
The Body ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Patient Assessment ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Vasculitis is an inflammation of the blood vessels. It can affect any blood vessel in the body by manifesting a variety of systemic, non-specific symptoms that make difficult the diagnosis of this pathology and especially its specific form. In front of any patient suspected of being affected by vasculitis, some questions are asked: Is the vasculitis or other pathology that camouflages, whether it is primary or secondary vasculitis, in which vessels this pathology extends, how can the diagnosis be confirmed and how can it be determined the type of vasculitis?The purpose of this study is to inform about the protocols to be followed to perform differential diagnosis of vasculitis types.This study is a review based on the research of world studies and literature regarding the recommendations for performing differential diagnosis among the variety of vasculitis forms.Primary patient assessment involves taking the history of the medications it uses, risk factors for infectious pathology, history of cardiac valve pathologies, and autoimmune pathologies. Then laboratory and imaging studies are carried out, aiming at setting the diagnosis, determining the affected organ and the degree of disease activity. And recently we refer to algorithms to make differential diagnosis between the varieties of vasculitis forms.Despite the diagnostic difficulties of vasculitis, the variety of its forms, the separation of responsibilities among many specialities, there are protocols that need to be followed rigorously to arrive at a safe diagnosis as well as auxiliary algorithms to distinguish the type of vasculitis.

scholarly journals Disseminated Tuberculosis Presenting as Baker’s Cyst Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najwa Pervin ◽  
Sami Akram ◽  
Tamer Hudali ◽  
Mukul Bhattarai ◽  
Sana Waqar
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Leg Pain ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Baker’S Cyst ◽  
Disseminated Tuberculosis ◽  
Baker's Cyst ◽  
Cyst Infection ◽  
Immunocompromised State ◽  
Specific Symptoms

In the absence of coexisting immunocompromised state and lack of specific symptoms a reactivation of treated mycobacterial tuberculosis (MTB) infection is generally not considered in the differential diagnosis of leg pain. We present a unique case of disseminated tuberculosis presenting as an infected Baker’s cyst in a 73-year-old immunocompetent male.

scholarly journals A case report: spontaneous postpartum rupture of unscarred uterus

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3420
Author(s):  
Swati Singh ◽  
Ravinder Ahlawat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Uterine Incision ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rupture Of Uterus ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Rupture of uterus is characterized by a breach in the wall of the uterus involving its full thickness. An unscarred uterus rupture is uncommon. It has non-specific symptoms and presentation differs according to site and time of rupture. Authors report an unusual case of spontaneous rupture of unscarred uterus. A 32-year-old, pregnant woman, developed postpartum bleeding with no history of prior uterine incision. She was diagnosed as a case of rupture of uterus and emergency laparotomy was done. Early diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention may significantly improve the prognosis. Differential diagnosis of uterine rupture should always be kept in mind in all patients with or without risk factors.

scholarly journals Early-Onset Alcohol Dependence and Multiple Sclerosis: Diagnostic Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5588
Author(s):  
Maria Luca ◽  
Clara Grazia Chisari ◽  
Aurora Zanghì ◽  
Francesco Patti
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Mental Comorbidities ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder characterized by the progressive disruption of the myelin sheath around the nerve fibres. The early initiation of disease-modifying treatments is crucial for preventing disease progression and neurological damage. Unfortunately, a diagnostic delay of several years is not uncommon, particularly in the presence of physical and mental comorbidities. Among psychiatric comorbidities, the role of alcohol misuse is still under debate. In this paper, we discuss a case of early-onset alcohol dependence and its possible role in delaying the initiation of a specific therapy for MS. The differential diagnosis between idiopathic and secondary neurodegenerative disorders is often challenging. When dealing with patients reporting an early-onset substance abuse (likely to present organic damage), clinicians may be prone to formulate a diagnosis of secondary neuropathy, particularly when facing non-specific symptoms. This case report highlights the need for in-depth medical investigations (including imaging) in the presence of neurological signs suggesting a damage of the central nervous system, prompting a differential diagnosis between idiopathic and secondary neurodegenerative conditions. Indeed, a timely diagnosis is crucial for the initiation of specific therapies positively affecting the outcome.

scholarly journals Unresolving Pneumonia with Pleural effusion: Pulmonary Paragonimiasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (206) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepshikha Gaire ◽  
Santosh Sharma ◽  
Kumar Poudel ◽  
Pankaj Pant
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Pain Abdomen ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Paragonimiasis is a zoonosis caused by many species of Paragonimus commonly P. westermani. Human get infected by eating raw, salted, pickled, smoked, partially cooked crustaceans (crayfish or crabs). Clinical manifestations ranges from non-specific symptoms like pain abdomen, diarrhea, urticarial rashes, fever to pleuropulmonary symptoms like cough, hemoptysis, chest pain and dyspnea. 48 yrs, female presented at TUTH emergency with fever on and off for 9 months, cough and shortness of breath for 3 months, lethargy, malaise and urticaria with history of raw crab intake one month prior to the onset of symptoms. Blood and pleural fluid analysis revealed raised total counts with eosinophilia and x-ray showed bilateral infiltration of lower lobes with pleural effusion. Diagnosis was confirmed by microscopic examination of sputum for Paragonimus. She responded well to Praziquantel. Pulmonary paragonimiasis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of unresolving pneumonia and unexplained hypereosinophilia.  [PubMed]

scholarly journals Differentiating occipital neuralgia from migraine and tension-type headache

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-431
Author(s):  
Omar Franklin Molina ◽  
Zeila Coelho Santos ◽  
Laura Martins ◽  
Bruno Ricardo Simião ◽  
Douglas Oliveira Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Occipital Neuralgia ◽  
Occipital Nerve ◽  
Type Headache ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Objective. To establish differential diagnosis in patients presenting occipital neuralgia, tension-type headache, and migraine with aura. Method. We analyzed 32 patients with Occipital neuralgia (mean age=38.0; females=75%), 102 with tension-type headache (mean age=33.0; females=92.2%), and 16 with migraine without aura (mean age=37.0; females=56.3%). The specific symptoms of headaches were used in according to International Classification of Headache Dis­orders (ICHD) in patients with for craniomandibular disorders and bruxing behavior. Results. Occipital neuralgia group presented more nausea (78.1%; p=0.0001), vomiting (62.5%; p=0.0001), photopho­bia (71.8%; p=0.0001), throbbing (53.1%; p=0.0001), stabbing pain (78.1%; p=0.0001), severe pain (93.7%; p=0.0001), burning (68.8%; p=0.0001), and occipital nerve tenderness (100%; p=0.0001) than tension-type headache group. Occipital neuralgia group showed more stabbing (78.1%; p=0.0001), burning (68.8%; p=0.0005), and oc­cipital nerve tenderness (100%; p=0.0001) than migraine without aura group. Migraine without aura group showed more vomiting (94%; p=0.03) and photophobia (100%; p=0.02) than occipital neu­ralgia group. Conclusions. Nausea, vomiting, photophobia, throb­bing, stabbing, severer pain, a burning description and occipital nerve tenderness, better differentiated occipital neuralgia from tension-type headache. Stabbing pain, burning and occipital nerve tenderness, bet­ter differentiated occipital neuralgia from migraine without aura.

Perisellar tumours including cysts, hamartomas, and vascular tumours

2011 ◽  
pp. 246-259
Author(s):  
Jürgen Honegger ◽  
Rudi Beschorner ◽  
Ulrike Ernemann
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Rare Tumour ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Approximately 80% of symptomatic tumours in the pituitary region are pituitary adenomas and further 10% are craniopharyngiomas. Among the remaining 10%, a considerable number of rare tumour entities have to be considered (Box 2.4.3.1) which makes the differential diagnosis sometimes difficult. Endocrinological, neuroradiological, and ophthalmological evaluation is the indispensable diagnostic triad to identify typical features in nonadenomatous perisellar tumours, and to provide diagnostic accuracy. This chapter presents typical clinical aspects of various nonadenomatous sellar tumours and the differential diagnostic value of specific symptoms. The current therapeutic strategies are also described.

Tracheal Narrowing and Tracheomalacia

Chest Imaging ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aalok Turakhia ◽  
Brent P. Little ◽  
Travis S. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Balloon Dilatation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Respiratory Dysfunction ◽  
Tracheal Diseases ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Post Intubation ◽  
Tracheal Collapse ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Tracheal Tumors

The etiologies of tracheal narrowing and stenosis are myriad. An important first step in formulating an imaging differential diagnosis is to divide tracheal narrowing into the following categories: neoplastic (benign and malignant), idiopathic, traumatic, inflammatory/infiltrative, and that caused by underlying pulmonary disease. Lesion location along the tracheobronchial wall, the presence or absence of calcifications, and evidence of extension through the tracheal wall are important characteristics that may help to further narrow the differential diagnosis. Post-intubation or post-traumatic tracheal stenosis is often treated by serial balloon dilatation, stenting, or segmental resection with re-anastamosis. Evaluation of both the length and degree of stenosis is important. Tracheomalacia is a dynamic process that is best evaluated with inspiratory and forced expiratory CT images to demonstrate tracheal collapse. Like other tracheal diseases, tracheomalacia may mimic asthma, or affected patient may present with non-specific symptoms. Significant respiratory dysfunction may result if tracheomalacia goes untreated. In the adult population, most tracheal tumors are malignant, and squamous cell carcinoma is the most common tumor detected.

scholarly journals Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis as a COVID-19 Mimicker

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deeksha Ramanujam ◽  
Adeel Nasrullah ◽  
Obaid Ashraf ◽  
Marshall Bahr ◽  
Khalid Malik
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis ◽  
Granulocytic Anaplasmosis ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Introduction: Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is a tick-borne illness caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum. HGA has a widely variable clinical presentation and can be life-threatening. Case description: A 77-year-old man was transferred from an outside facility with altered mental status, a fever of up to 40.5°C, and shortness of breath. Laboratory analysis revealed a progressively worsening pro-inflammatory state and abnormalities in the patient’s coagulation studies. With clinical and laboratory evidence concerning for potential COVID-19 infection, the patient was placed in isolation as a precaution. The results of two COVID-19 tests, given approximately 24 hours apart, were negative. The patient’s spouse confirmed a bug bite to his upper extremity while working outdoors. His symptoms resolved completely after a 10-day course of empiric doxycycline. Discussion: The diverse clinical presentations of HGA necessitate a broad differential diagnosis, including viral, bacterial and non-infectious aetiologies. In severe cases, a cytokine-mediated immune cascade can occur (namely, cytokine storm) leading to devastating downstream effects. This cytokine storm can be seen in many other diseases, but most recently it has been demonstrated in the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Conclusion: Here we present a case of HGA in which diagnosis was delayed due to mimicry of COVID-19 infection. This case highlights the importance of taking clinical and social histories, seasonality and geography into account during diagnosis, and maintaining a broad differential with non-specific symptoms. Despite the current COVID-19 pandemic, we recommend that HGA remains in the differential diagnosis of a pro-inflammatory state with an atypical respiratory presentation.

scholarly journals Atraumatic fractures of the femur

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (1121) ◽  
pp. 20201457
Author(s):  
Ganesh Hedge ◽  
Siddharth Thaker ◽  
Rajesh Botchu ◽  
Richard Fawcett ◽  
Harun Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Initial Imaging ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Fractures Of The Femur

Atraumatic fractures of femur, although not as common as traumatic fractures, are frequently encountered in the clinical practice. They present with non-specific symptoms and can be occult on initial imaging making their diagnosis difficult, sometimes resulting in complications. Overlapping terminologies used to describe these fractures may hamper effective communication between the radiologist and the clinician. In this article, we review various atraumatic fractures of femur, terminologies used to describe them, their imaging findings and differential diagnosis. The article also describes the aetiology, pathophysiology and relevant biomechanics behind these fractures. An approach to atraumatic femoral fractures has been outlined.

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