Individual differences in effective interview design: Factors affecting question choice

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-321
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Speer ◽  
Andrew P. Tenbrink ◽  
Michael G. Schwendeman ◽  
Lauren J. Wegmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Design Factors

Advances in understanding behavioral needs and improving the welfare of calves and heifers

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-198
Author(s):  
Emily Miller-Cushon ◽  
◽  
Jennifer Van Os ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Environmental Complexity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dietary Variety ◽  
Behavioral Expression ◽  
Behavioral Needs ◽  
And Performance

Management factors affecting dairy calves have broad impacts on behavioral development and implications for long-term welfare, and research in this area is increasingly focused on understanding the behavioral needs of the calf, to refine management and improve understanding of welfare. In this chapter, we summarize recent research addressing behavioral needs of pre-weaned calves and post-weaned heifers, encompassing aspects of social interactions and feeding, rest and comfort, and opportunities for other behavioral expression. In general, evidence suggests welfare and performance benefits of accommodating more natural behavioral expression, including social contact, higher milk intakes fed via a teat, dietary variety, and space and resources to accommodate preferred activities, such as grooming and play. Throughout these sections, consequences of restricting these behaviors includes development of abnormal oral behaviors. Emerging themes of this area of research include consideration of individual differences and implications and approaches to accommodate broader behavioral expression through increasing environmental complexity.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Small-Scale Fishermen’s Adaptation Toward the Impacts of Climate Change: Reflections From Malaysian Fishers

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824401986420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asnarulkhadi Abu Samah ◽  
Hayrol Azril Mohamed Shaffril ◽  
Azimi Hamzah ◽  
Bahaman Abu Samah
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Multistage Cluster Sampling ◽  
Adaptation Practices ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

This study aims to examine the influence of individual differences on the small-scale fishermen’s climate change adaptation practices toward climate change. This is a descriptive correlational study on 400 small-scale fishermen living in four climate change–affected areas in Malaysia, which were selected based on a multistage cluster sampling. In conclusion, it was found that age, income, and fishing experience recorded a significant relationship with climate change adaptation practices, whereas their household size did not yield any relationship with the adaptation practices. Furthermore, a number of small-scale fishermen who use fisheries technologies, have alternative jobs, and possess higher education have recorded better climate change adaptation practices compared with nonusers, full-timers, and less educated fishermen. Several recommendations were made to assist the concerned parties in developing better adaptation strategies that are fitted to the fishermen’s needs, interests, and abilities.

Suggestibility in the Courtroom

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Gabbert ◽  
Lorraine Hope
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Legal Process ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
System P ◽  
Investigative Process

Due to the constructive nature of memory, recollections for events are easily contaminated or distorted by information encountered after the event took place. People can therefore mistakenly report information that has been suggested to them, but that they have not in reality experienced. In light of this well-documented memory fallibility, the current chapter explores how memory can be distorted during the investigative and legal process. Key factors affecting the reliability of eyewitness statements are discussed, including stress and arousal, intoxication, and individual differences in vulnerability to suggestion. The chapter examines when people are most likely to be vulnerable to suggestion and focuses, in particular, on how memory can be distorted during the investigative process as a result of poor interviewing practice and co-witness contamination. The chapter concludes with consideration of how best to minimize the negative effects of suggestibility for the criminal justice system

scholarly journals Design factors affecting relevance judgment behaviour in the context of metadata surrogates

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 780-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panos Balatsoukas ◽  
Ann O'Brien ◽  
Anne Morris
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Relevance Judgment ◽  
Design Factors

Factors Affecting Gatekeepers' Selection of Foreign News: A National Survey of Newspaper Editors

1992 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsan-Kuo Chang ◽  
Jae-Won Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
National Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Peace ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Newspaper Editors ◽  
Making Choices ◽  
Foreign News ◽  
Selection Of

A national survey of newspaper editors examined how editors view the importance of different criteria in selecting foreign news to run. Results show that editors considered these factors important in making choices: threat to the United States and world peace, anticipated reader interest, timeliness, and U.S. involvement. Editors also regarded loss of lives and property as important but less so than other factors. Most editors appear to focus more on factors having significant impact or consequences, especially when American security and national interest are involved. Canonical correlational analysis indicates that editors' perceptions of foreign news factors are determined by individual differences and organizational constraints in the newsroom.

Understanding How Learners Use Massive Open Online Courses and Why They Drop Out

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 724-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Refaat El Said
Keyword(s):  
Online Courses ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Massive Open Online ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Massive Open Online Course ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Independent Design ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
Self Learning

This article presents a qualitative study on Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) dropout in a developing world. Thematic analyses of semistructured interviews were conducted with 52 learners, eight weeks after their actual registration for a course of their choice as part of a self-learning activity. The results uncover novel design factors affecting MOOC retention. Among these factors are Learner Control, in which users can design their own long-term learning track from various course modules; Integrative Design, comprising learners’ own accounts on social media; and Independent Design, in which a course’s modules can be taught separately and learners need not complete an overall course but rather can select modules from various courses. Mobility and Language are identified as important decisive factors for users to drop out from or complete a MOOC Course. This research also highlights the importance of Diversity and Novelty for this type of application. The research reveals the Multitasking Behavior of users, leading to the need for Easy-to-Scan content. The findings provide a basis for improving the understanding toward reasons for MOOC drops and suggest a number of practical design recommendations for designers and providers. Furthermore, the completion rate observed in this study was slightly higher than was typically found in previous studies. This result might suggest that using a MOOC as a learning opportunity within the context of a university-accredited program would increase the likelihood of completion.

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