A Comparative Analysis of Risk Factors and Stroke Risk for Asian and Non-Asian Men: The Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 606-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karice K. Hyun ◽  
Rachel R. Huxley ◽  
Hisatomi Arima ◽  
Jean Woo ◽  
Tai Hing Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Asian Men

scholarly journals Circulating interleukin-6 levels and incident ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Papadopoulos ◽  
Konstantinos Palaiopanos ◽  
Harry Björkbacka ◽  
Annette Peters ◽  
James A. de Lemos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Ischemic Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine the association between circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and risk of incident ischemic stroke in the general population.MethodsFollowing the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched the literature for population-based prospective cohort studies exploring the association between circulating IL-6 levels and risk of incident ischemic stroke. We pooled association estimates for ischemic stroke risk with random-effect meta-analyses and explored non-linear effects in dose-response meta-analyses. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS).ResultsWe identified 11 studies (n=27,411 individuals; 2,669 incident stroke cases) meeting our eligibility criteria. Overall, quality of the included studies was high (median 8 out of 9 NOS points). In meta-analyses, 1-standard deviation increment in circulating IL-6 levels was associated with a 19% increase in risk of incident ischemic stroke over a mean follow-up of 12.4 years (RR 1.19; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.28). A dose-response meta-analysis showed a linear association between circulating IL-6 levels and ischemic stroke risk. There was only moderate heterogeneity and the results were consistent in sensitivity analyses restricted to studies of low risk of bias and studies fully adjusting for demographic and vascular risk factors. The results also remained stable following adjustment for publication bias.ConclusionsHigher circulating IL-6 levels in community-dwelling individuals are associated with higher long-term risk of incident ischemic stroke in a linear pattern and independently of conventional vascular risk factors. Along with findings from genetic studies and clinical trials, these results provide additional support for a key role of IL-6 signaling in ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Clustering of risk factors and the risk of incident cardiovascular disease in Asian and Caucasian populations: results from the Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e019335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne A E Peters ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Tai-Hing Lam ◽  
Hyeon Chang Kim ◽  
Suzanne Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Individual Risk Factors

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship between risk factor clusters and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in Asian and Caucasian populations and to estimate the burden of CVD attributable to each cluster.SettingAsia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration.ParticipantsIndividual participant data from 34 population-based cohorts, involving 314 024 participants without a history of CVD at baseline.Outcome measuresClusters were 11 possible combinations of four individual risk factors (current smoking, overweight, blood pressure (BP) and total cholesterol). Cox regression models were used to obtain adjusted HRs and 95% CIs for CVD associated with individual risk factors and risk factor clusters. Population-attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 7 years, 6203 CVD events were recorded. The ranking of HRs and PAFs was similar for Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) and Asia; clusters including BP consistently showed the highest HRs and PAFs. The BP–smoking cluster had the highest HR for people with two risk factors: 4.13 (3.56 to 4.80) for Asia and 3.07 (2.23 to 4.23) for ANZ. Corresponding PAFs were 24% and 11%, respectively. For individuals with three risk factors, the BP–smoking–cholesterol cluster had the highest HR (4.67 (3.92 to 5.57) for Asia and 3.49 (2.69 to 4.53) for ANZ). Corresponding PAFs were 13% and 10%.ConclusionsRisk factor clusters act similarly on CVD risk in Asian and Caucasian populations. Clusters including elevated BP were associated with the highest excess risk of CVD.

scholarly journals Proteinuria as an independent predictor of stroke: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dearbhla M Kelly ◽  
Peter M Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
The Impact

Background Proteinuria has emerged as an important vascular risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events including stroke. Hypertension has been proposed as the principal confounder of this relationship but its role has not been systematically examined. Aim We aimed to determine if proteinuria remains an independent predictor of stroke after more complete adjustment for blood pressure. Summary of review We performed a systematic review, searching MEDLINE and EMBASE (to February 2018) for cohort studies or randomized controlled trials that reported stroke incidence in adults according to baseline proteinuria ± glomerular filtration rate. Study and participant characteristics and relative risks were extracted. Estimates were combined using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed by χ 2 statistics and I2, and by subgroup strata and meta-regression, with a particular focus on the impact of more complete adjustment for blood pressure on the association. The quality of cohort studies and post hoc analyses was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. We identified 38 studies comprising 1,735,390 participants with 26,405 stroke events. Overall, the presence of any level of proteinuria was associated with greater stroke risk (18 studies; pooled crude relative risk 2.00, 95%CI 1.63–2.46; p < 0.001) even after adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors (33 studies; pooled adjusted relative risk 1.72, 1.51–1.95; p < 0.001), albeit with considerable heterogeneity between studies (p < 0.001; I2 = 77.3%). Moreover, the association did not substantially attenuate with more thorough adjustment for hypertension: single baseline blood pressure measure (10 studies; pooled adjusted relative risk = 1.92, 1.39–2.66; p < 0.001); history or treated hypertension (four studies; pooled adjusted relative risk = 1.76, 1.13–2.75, p = 0.013); multiple blood pressure measurements over months to years (four studies; relative risk = 1.68, 1.33–2.14; p < 0.001). Conclusions Even after extensive adjustment for hypertension, proteinuria is strongly and independently associated with incident stroke risk, possibly indicating a shared renal and cerebral susceptibility to vascular injury that is not fully explained by traditional vascular risk factors.

scholarly journals Behavioural and Metabolic Risk Factors for Mortality from Colon and Rectum Cancer: Analysis of Data from the Asia-Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1083-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Stewart Morrison ◽  
Christine Louise Parr ◽  
Tai Hing Lam ◽  
Hirotsugu Ueshima ◽  
Hyeon Chang Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Rectum Cancer ◽  
Colon And Rectum

Optimizing Heart Rate and Controlling Symptoms in Atrial Fibrillation

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Pragnesh Parikh ◽  
◽  
KL Venkatachalam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Rhythm Control ◽  
Ventricular Rate ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Novel Approaches

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia noted in clinical practice and its incidence and prevalence are on the rise. The single most important intervention is the evaluation and treatment of stroke risk. Once the risk for stroke has been minimized, controlling the ventricular rate and treating symptoms become relevant. In this review article, we emphasize the importance of confirming and treating the appropriate arrhythmia and correlating symptoms with rhythm changes. Furthermore, we evaluate some of the risk factors for AF that independently result in symptoms, underlining the need to treat these risk factors as part of symptom control. We then discuss existing and novel approaches to rate control in AF and briefly cover rhythm control methods.

Cancer in agricultural populations

2020 ◽  
pp. 837-837
Author(s):  
K. . Togawa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
International Consortium ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Specific Cancer ◽  
Cancer Types

Agricultural workers can be exposed to a wide variety of agents (e.g. pesticides), some of which may have adverse health effects, such as cancer. To study the health effects of agricultural exposures, an international consortium of agricultural cohort studies, AGRICOH, was established. The present analysis compared cancer incidence between the AGRICOH cohorts and the general population and found lower overall cancer incidence in the AGRICOH cohorts, with some variation across cohorts for specific cancer types. The observed lower cancer incidence may be due to healthy worker bias or lower prevalence of risk factors in the agricultural populations. Further analysis is underway.

Analysis of incidence of cadets studying in one climate region according to priority classes of diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
R. Rakhmanov ◽  
E. Bogomolova ◽  
A. Tarasov ◽  
S. Zaytseva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Climatic Region ◽  
Climate Region ◽  
Military Schools

Comparative analysis of the incidence was conducted for the leading classes – “Respiratory diseases” and “Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue” – among cadets of two military schools studying in the same climatic region. General features in prevalence, indicators, structure, trends by years of study, and general features in the seasonality of increase in annual incidence are revealed. Role of the influence of synergistic risk factors for health is determined.

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