Birth with synthetic oxytocin and the risk of being overweight or obese during childhood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Palanisamy ◽  
Sarah A. Toftlund ◽  
Tusar Giri ◽  
Katrine Strandberg‐Larsen ◽  
Nicole N. Lønfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Oxytocin

ÜBER DIE WIRKUNG PHARMAKOLOGISCHER OXYTOCINDOSEN AUF DIE MILCHDRÜSE

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (IV) ◽  
pp. 543-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Berde ◽  
A. Cerletti
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Intranasal Administration ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Lactating Mammary Gland ◽  
Synthetic Oxytocin

ABSTRACT A study was made of the influence of pharmacological amounts of synthetic oxytocin (»Syntocinon«) on the lactating mammary gland of the rabbit. The drug was given by intravenous infusion, by intramuscular injection and by intranasal administration. Two different types of reaction were noted: a tonic reaction, i. e. a lasting increase in pressure in the mammary gland without significant fluctuations, or a rhythmic reaction, i. e. a series of increases in pressure at more or less regular intervals. In order to elicit reactions approximately identical in intensity and character with those produced by intravenous infusion, it was necessary to give approximately 1.5 to 8.0 times as much by intramuscular injection and approximately 10 to 100 times as much by intranasal administration. Intravenous administration of adrenaline transiently suppressed a long-lasting reaction to oxytocin.

scholarly journals An association of intrapartum synthetic oxytocin dosing and the odds of developing autism

Autism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1400-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M Soltys ◽  
Jill Rose Scherbel ◽  
Joseph R Kurian ◽  
Todd Diebold ◽  
Teresa Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis ◽  
High Cumulative Dose ◽  
First Time ◽  
Synthetic Oxytocin

A case-control study was performed to determine whether an association exists between exposure to synthetic oxytocin and a subsequent autism spectrum disorder diagnosis; 171 children under age 18 meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) autism spectrum disorder criteria were compared to 171 children without autism spectrum disorder diagnosis matched by gender, birth year, gestational age, and maternal age at birth. A conditional logistic regression model was used to examine the association of clinical variables and autism spectrum disorder. Significantly elevated odds ratios for autism spectrum disorder were associated with first-time Cesarean section (odds ratio = 2.56), but not a repeat Cesarean section. Odds ratios were also significantly elevated for subjects whose mother’s body mass index was 35 or higher at birth (odds ratio = 2.34) and subjects in which the reason for delivery was categorized as “fetal indication” (odds ratio = 2.00). When controlling for these and other variables, the odds of developing autism spectrum disorder were significantly elevated in males with long duration of exposure (odds ratio = 3.48) and high cumulative dose of synthetic oxytocin (odds ratio = 2.79). No significant associations of synthetic oxytocin dosing and autism spectrum disorder were noted in female subjects. The association of elevated autism spectrum disorder odds found with high duration and high cumulative dose synthetic oxytocin in male subjects suggests the need for further investigation to fully elucidate any cause and effect relationship. Lay abstract Oxytocin is a hormone naturally produced in the human body that can make the womb (uterus) contract during labor. Manufactured oxytocin is frequently given to mothers in labor to strengthen the contractions or in some cases to start labor. This study compared children with a diagnosis of autism and children without autism to see whether children with autism received more oxytocin during labor. The odds of a child having an autism diagnosis were significantly higher if the delivery was a first-time Cesarean section, if the mother had a body mass index of 35 or higher, or if the reason for delivery were a range of fetal problems that made delivery necessary. It was found that boys who were exposed to oxytocin for longer periods of time during labor and received higher total doses of oxytocin had significantly higher odds of developing autism. There were no significant associations of oxytocin dosing and autism noted in female children. As this is the first study to look at any relationship between the dose of oxytocin received during labor and the odds of developing autism, further study needs to be done to determine whether there is any cause and effect relationship. Thus, at this time, there is no recommended change in clinical practice.

Responses of nerve-free vessels to vasoactive amines and polypeptides

1965 ◽  
Vol 208 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avril V. Somlyo ◽  
Chi-Yuan Woo ◽  
Andrew P. Somlyo
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Umbilical Vessels ◽  
Vasoconstrictor Response ◽  
Human Umbilical Artery ◽  
Vasoconstrictor Effect ◽  
Rhythmic Contractions ◽  
Synthetic Oxytocin ◽  
Indirect Action

Contractile responses of helically cut strips of noninnervated human umbilical artery and vein were determined. Spontaneous, rhythmic contractions were exhibited by both preparations, but were greater in magnitude and duration in umbilical veins. Vasoconstriction elicited by sympathomimetic amines was variable, and generally of a low order. The response to norepinephrine was not potentiated by cocaine (10 µg/ml) but was blocked by Dibenamine (1.0–1.5 µg/ml). Umbilical vasoconstrictor response to tyramine (1.0–10.0 µg/ml) indicated the direct vasoconstrictor effect of this agent. The similar norepinephrine-to-tyramine sensitivity ratios of umbilical vessels and canine main pulmonary artery were interpreted as evidence against the indirect action of tyramine in vitro. Isoproterenol produced no vasodilation in umbilical vessels, suggesting the absence of ß-adrenergic pathways. Oxytocin (>>0.1 mU/ml) was a highly effective umbilical vasoconstrictor. Native and synthetic oxytocin preparations were equiactive and produced tachyphylaxis to each other. Native and synthetic lysine-8-vasopressin (>>0.005 U/ml) and angiotensin amide (>>0.002 µg/ml) produced only minimal and inconsistent vasoconstriction, while serotonin (>>0.004 µg/ml) was as effective as oxytocin.

Fetal exposure to synthetic oxytocin and the relationship with prefeeding cues within one hour postbirth

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleeca F. Bell ◽  
Rosemary White-Traut ◽  
Kristin Rankin
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Exposure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Synthetic Oxytocin
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