Characterization of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products reagents and their utility in critical care patients with enhanced fibrinolysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Kumano ◽  
Masahiro Ieko ◽  
Yutaka Komiyama ◽  
Sumiyoshi Naito ◽  
Mika Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Fibrinogen Degradation Products ◽  
Critical Care Patients

Fibrin/Fibrinogen Degradation Products in Amniotic Fluid

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Purdie ◽  
P. W. Howie ◽  
W. Edgar ◽  
G. R. M. Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Double Immunodiffusion ◽  
Fibrinogen Degradation Products ◽  
The Mean

Fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (F. D. P.) have been studied in amniotic fluid from normal pregnancies and in pregnancies complicated by hypertension, anencephaly, and hydramnios without foetal anomaly.Using the haemagglutination inhibition immunoassay, F. D. P. were identified in 51 of 53 (mean 3.75 mcg/ml, S.D.±2.80) samples of amniotic fluid from healthy patients with normal pregnancies between 14 and 40 weeks gestation. In the hypertensive group of 16 patients the mean F. D. P. level of 5.00 mcg/ml (S.D.±3.25), was not significantly different from the normal group. In 7 patients with anencephalic foetuses the amniotic fluid F. D. P. level was significantly elevated (mean 17.5 mcg/ml, S.D.±5.75), while in 6 patients with hydramnios without foetal anomaly the F. D. P. level (mean 6.00 mcg/ml ±3.25) was not significantly different from the normal group.Characterization of the amniotic fluid F. D. P. was carried out using double immunodiffusion polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. The F. D. P. were present in two distinct components. The major fraction was fragment X (M. W. 240,000) and in a lower concentration, fragment D was identified.The detection of raised amniotic fluid F. D. P. levels in early pregnancy may provide a diagnostic test for open central nervous system foetal abnormalities.

Plasma Thrombin Assay using a Chromogenic Substrate in Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation due to Snake Bite Envenomation

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (03) ◽  
pp. 544-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
R P Herrmann ◽  
P E Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Snake Bite ◽  
Chromogenic Substrate ◽  
Coagulation Parameters ◽  
Fibrinogen Degradation Products ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation

SummaryUsing the chromogenic substrate, Tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA-HCL (Chromozym TH, Boehringer Mannheim) plasma thrombin was estimated in six cases of envenomation by Australian elapid snakes. All patients manifested findings chracteristic of defibrination due to envenomation by these snakes. Fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products were grossly elevated, as was plasma thrombin in all cases.Following treatment with antivenene, all abnormal coagulation parameters returned rapidly towards normal by 24 hours and plasma thrombin disappeared.

The Measurement of Heparin

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 471-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. E Denson ◽  
John Bonnar
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Fibrinogen Degradation Products ◽  
Low Levels

SummaryA method for the measurement of heparin utilising the potentiating effect of heparin on the action of anti-factor Xa is described. The effect on the assay of platelet contamination of plasma, the presence of fibrinogen degradation products and low levels of anti-factor Xa have been studied. The assay method has been compared with the calcium thrombin time method and a group of obstetrical patients have been studied using both methods.

Some Effects of Fibrinogen Degradation Products (FDP) on Blood Platelets

1966 ◽  
Vol 15 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Jerushalmy ◽  
M. B Zucker
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Serotonin Release ◽  
Fibrinogen Degradation Products ◽  
Inhibition Of Platelet Aggregation

Summary“Early” fibrinogen degradation products are more potent inhibitors of thrombin-induced clotting than “late” products and also interfere with the ability of thrombin to release serotonin from platelets. “Early” and “intermediate” FDP cause moderate inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate or connective tissue particles. Serotonin release by connective tissue particles is probably not inhibited by FDP.

Influence of Acute Myocardial Infarction and rt-PA Therapy on Circulating Fibrinogen

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (04) ◽  
pp. 321-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Seifried ◽  
M Oethinger ◽  
P Tanswell ◽  
E Hoegee-de Nobel ◽  
W Nieuwenhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Thrombolytic Agent ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Fibrinogen Degradation Products ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Rebound Phenomenon ◽  
The Mean

SummaryIn 12 patients treated with 100 mg rt-PA/3 h for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), serial fibrinogen levels were measured with the Clauss clotting rate assay (“functional fibrinogen”) and with a new enzyme immunoassay for immunologically intact fibrinogen (“intact fibrinogen”). Levels of functional and “intact fibrinogen” were strikingly different: functional levels were higher at baseline; showed a more pronounced breakdown during rt-PA therapy; and a rebound phenomenon which was not seen for “intact fibrinogen”. The ratio of functional to “intact fibrinogen” was calculated for each individual patient and each time point. The mean ratio (n = 12) was 1.6 at baseline, 1.0 at 90 min, and increased markedly between 8 and 24 h to a maximum of 2.1 (p <0.01), indicating that functionality of circulating fibrinogen changes during AMI and subsequent thrombolytic therapy. The increased ratio of functional to “intact fibrinogen” seems to reflect a more functional fibrinogen at baseline and following rt-PA infusion. This is in keeping with data that the relative amount of fast clotting “intact HMW fibrinogen” of total fibrinogen is increased in initial phase of AMI. The data suggest that about 20% of HMW fibrinogen are converted to partly degraded fibrinogen during rt-PA infusion. The rebound phenomenon exhibited by functional fibrinogen may result from newly synthesized fibrinogen with a high proportion of HMW fibrinogen with its known higher degree of phosphorylation. Fibrinogen- and fibrin degradation products were within normal range at baseline. Upon infusion of the thrombolytic agent, maximum median levels of 5.88 μg/ml and 5.28 μg/ml, respectively, were measured at 90 min. Maximum plasma fibrinogen degradation products represented only 4% of lost “intact fibrinogen”, but they correlatedstrongly and linearly with the extent of “intact fibrinogen” degradation (r = 0.82, p <0.01). In contrast, no correlation was seen between breakdown of “intact fibrinogen” and corresponding levels of fibrin degradation products. We conclude from our data that the ratio of functional to immunologically “intact fibrinogen” may serve as an important index for functionality of fibrinogen and select patients at high risk for early reocclusion. Only a small proportion of degraded functional and “intact fibrinogen”, respectively, is recovered as fibrinogen degradation products. There seems to be a strong correlation between the degree of elevation of fibrinogen degradation products and the intensity of the systemic lytic state, i.e. fibrinogen degradation.

The Leukocyte Digestion of Fibrinogen Degradation Products (FDP)

1971 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 523-525
Author(s):  
K Gibiński ◽  
B Lipiński ◽  
M Trusz-Gluza
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Fibrinogen Degradation Products

SummaryWhile the native fibrinogen is not digested by the leucocyte proteases both the early and late FDP are digestible without any denaturating reagent. Thus, this reaction may occur in vivo indicating an unknown role of granulocytes in paracoagulation.

Characterization of dissolved material during the initial phase of softwood kraft pulping

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANNU PAKKANEN ◽  
TEEMU PALOHEIMO ◽  
RAIMO ALÉN
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Cooking Temperature ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids

The influence of various cooking parameters, such as effective alkali, cooking temperature, and cooking time on the formation of high molecular mass lignin-derived and low molecular mass carbohydrates-derived (aliphatic carboxylic acids) degradation products, mainly during the initial phase of softwood kraft pulping was studied. In addition, the mass transfer of all of these degradation products was clarified based on their concentrations in the cooking liquor inside and outside of the chips. The results indicated that the degradation of the major hemicellulose component, galactoglucomannan, typically was dependent on temperature, and the maximum degradation amount was about 60%. In addition, about 60 min at 284°F (140°C) was needed for leveling off the concentrations of the characteristic reaction products (3,4-dideoxy-pentonic and glucoisosaccharinic acids) between these cooking liquors. Compared with low molecular mass aliphatic acids, the mass transfer of soluble lignin fragments with much higher molecular masses was clearly slower.

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