scholarly journals Skin and eye protection against ultraviolet C from ultraviolet germicidal irradiation devices during the COVID‐19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis B. Lyons ◽  
Shanthi Narla ◽  
Angeli E. Torres ◽  
Angela Parks‐Miller ◽  
Indermeet Kohli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Protection ◽  
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation ◽  
Ultraviolet C

scholarly journals Ultraviolet-C and other methods of decontamination of filtering facepiece N-95 respirators during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 746-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeli Eloise Torres ◽  
Alexis B. Lyons ◽  
Shanthi Narla ◽  
Indermeet Kohli ◽  
Angela Parks-Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
Dry Heating

Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation is one method for decontamination of N-95 filtering facepiece respirators to facilitate reuse during the COVID-19 pandemic. Other techniques include hydrogen peroxide vaporization, microwave-generated steaming, and dry heating.

scholarly journals Homegrown Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation for Hospital-Based N95 Decontamination during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Schnell ◽  
Melanie J. Harriff ◽  
Jane E. Yates ◽  
Elham Karamooz ◽  
Christopher D. Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Respiratory Protection ◽  
Exposure Risk ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Ultraviolet C

AbstractCoronavirus disease (COVID-19), the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, is responsible for the 2020 global pandemic and characterized by high transmissibility and morbidity. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at risk of contracting COVID-19, and this risk is mitigated through the use of personal protective equipment such as N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators (FFRs). The high demand for FFRs is not currently met by global supply chains, potentially placing HCWs at increased exposure risk. Effective FFR decontamination modalities exist, which could maintain respiratory protection for HCWs in the midst of the current pandemic, through the decontamination and re-use of FFRs. Here, we present a locally-implemented ultraviolet-C germicidal irradiation (UVGI)-based FFR decontamination pathway, utilizing a home-built UVGI array assembled entirely with previously existing components available at our institution. We provide recommendations on the construction of similar systems, as well as guidance and strategies towards successful institutional implementation of FFR decontamination.

scholarly journals Standalone Solar-Powered Ultraviolet Mobile Disinfectant: Bringing Solar Energy in the Global Fight against COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nassim Ahmed Mahammedi ◽  
Adel Mahammedi
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Disinfection Unit

As the first initiative of its kind in Algeria, here is presented a solar-powered mobile “Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation” disinfection unit (UVGI) based on a special germicidal ultraviolet-C (UVC) radiator. The system was designed to disinfect several objects such as: medical tools, reusable masks, face-shields, gloves, phones, laptops, keys, money and many other portable devices that need to be disinfected/sterilized. It offers the advantage of complete autonomy through the built-in photovoltaic (PV) system that includes a solar panel, a gel battery, a charge controller and a power inverter. The system provides an extra 220V-50Hz outlet with 375VA maximum power to be used when energy is needed. The system is easily scalable to generate higher ultraviolet dosages by adding more UVC lamps. The chemical-free germicidal UVC sanitizing method employed by this device effectively disactivates a very wide range of microorganisms (microbes, bacteria and fungi and viruses including the actual SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 respiratory disease) and it has several advantages in comparison to chemical-based sanitizing methods. The total cost to make this open source device is below 1000 € and is easily customizable and scalable. This device is an open source, secure and fast equipment for objects and surface disinfection. The device will be fully automated by adding PIR sensors or remote control after further funding will be received.

scholarly journals Effect of Ultraviolet C Disinfection Treatment on the Nanomechanical and Topographic Properties of N95 Respirator Filtration Microfibers

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (56) ◽  
pp. 2863-2872
Author(s):  
Yujie Meng ◽  
Rae Zeng ◽  
Kurt Rubin ◽  
Kelly Barry
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
N95 Respirators ◽  
Uvc Radiation ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Accumulated Dose ◽  
Fiber Breaking

AbstractUltraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) N95 filtering facepiece respirator (FFR) treatment is considered an effective decontamination approach to address the supply shortage of N95 FFRs during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. In this study, we investigated the nanomechanical and topographic properties of filtration fibers that have been exposed to different doses of UVC radiation. UVC exposure was shown to decrease both Young's modulus (E), hardness (H) and fiber width, as measured on individual polypropylene (PP) fibers. Our results also show that the PP microfiber layer loses its strength when N95 respirators are exposed to an accumulated UVC dose during the process of decontamination, and the PP fiber width also exhibits a logarithmic decrease during UVC exposure. The nanoscale measurement results on individual fibers suggest that maximum cycles of UVC disinfection treatment should be limited due to excessive accumulated dose, which has the potential to decrease the fiber breaking strength.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Commercial Household Ultraviolet C Germicidal Devices in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasita Palakornkitti ◽  
Prinpat Pinyowiwat ◽  
Somsak Tanrattanakorn ◽  
Natta Rajatanavin ◽  
Ploysyne Rattanakaemakorn
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Global Awareness ◽  
Surface Disinfection ◽  
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation ◽  
Commercial Market ◽  
Ultraviolet C

Abstract Ultraviolet C (UVC), also called ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), is known for its effective air, water, and surface disinfectant properties. With the rise of global awareness about public sanitation and personal hygiene due to the emergence of the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, several applications of UVC were developed and introduced to the commercial market. The present experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of commercial household ultraviolet C germicidal devices for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inactivation. UVC dosages (mJ/cm2) of 10 UVC devices were determined at the recommended settings and compared to a UVC dosage benchmark for SARS-CoV-2 inactivated UVC dosage (3.7 mJ/cm2). Of the 10 devices, 3 were handheld UVGI surface disinfection equipment, 4 were UVGI disinfection chambers, and 3 were movable UVGI air and surface purifiers. Three UVGI disinfection chambers and all movable UVGI air and surface purifiers provided sufficient UVC dosages for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation. None of the studied handheld UVGI surface disinfection equipment achieved the UVC dosage for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation. A lack of standardization in the distance and cycle duration for each UVC application was observed. Standard usage guidelines for UVC devices are required to improve the effectiveness of UVC irradiance for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation as well as to minimize the potential side effects of UVC.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of commercial household ultraviolet C germicidal devices in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasita Palakornkitti ◽  
Prinpat Pinyowiwat ◽  
Somsak Tanrattanakorn ◽  
Natta Rajatanavin ◽  
Ploysyne Rattanakaemakorn
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Global Awareness ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Surface Disinfection ◽  
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation ◽  
Commercial Market ◽  
Ultraviolet C

AbstractUltraviolet C (UVC), or ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), is known for its effective air, water, and surface disinfectant properties. With the rise of global awareness about public sanitation and personal hygiene due to the emergence of the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, several applications of UVC were introduced to the commercial market. The present experimental study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of commercial household UVC germicidal devices for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inactivation. Ten UVC devices were included in the study comprising of 7 low-pressure mercury lamps (LPMLs) and 3 UVC- light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Considering applications, 3 were handheld UVGI surface disinfection equipment, 4 were UVGI disinfection chambers, and 3 were movable UVGI air and surface purifiers. To determine SARS-CoV-2 inactivation performance, UVC irradiance (mW/cm2) was measured 3 times repeatedly at distance and duration corresponding to manufacturers’ usage instructions. The required UVC dosage could not be achieved by either of UVC-LED devices (1 handheld UVGI surface disinfection equipment and 2 UVGI disinfection chambers). Five of seven LPMLs can sufficiently emit UVC irradiance for SARS-CoV-2-inactivation. A lack of standardization in the distance and cycle duration for each UVC application was observed. Standard usage guidelines for UVC devices are required to improve the effectiveness of UVC irradiance for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation as well as to minimize the potential side effects of UVC.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of commercial household ultraviolet C germicidal devices in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasita Palakornkitti ◽  
Prinpat Pinyowiwat ◽  
Somsak Tanrattanakorn ◽  
Natta Rajatanavin ◽  
Ploysyne Rattanakaemakorn
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Global Awareness ◽  
Surface Disinfection ◽  
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation ◽  
Commercial Market ◽  
Ultraviolet C

Abstract Ultraviolet C (UVC), or ultraviolet germicidal irradiation, is known for its effective air, water, and surface disinfectant properties. With the rise of global awareness about public sanitation and personal hygiene due to the emergence of the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, several applications of UVC were introduced to the commercial market. The present experimental study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of commercial household ultraviolet C germicidal devices for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inactivation. UVC dosages (mJ/cm2) of 10 UVC devices were determined at the recommended settings compared to a benchmark for SARS-CoV-2 inactivated UVC dosage (3.7 mJ/cm2). Of the 10 devices, 3 were handheld UVGI surface disinfection equipment, 4 were UVGI disinfection chambers, and 3 were movable UVGI air and surface purifiers. Three UVGI disinfection chambers and all movable UVGI air and surface purifiers provided sufficient UVC dosages for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation. None of the studied handheld UVGI surface disinfection equipment achieved the UVC dosage for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation. A lack of standardization in the distance and cycle duration for each UVC application was observed. Standard usage guidelines for UVC devices are required to improve the effectiveness of UVC irradiance for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation and minimize the potential side effects of UVC.

Indoor soccer-related eye injuries: should eye protection be mandatory?

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerrod S. Kent ◽  
Ryan B. Eidsness ◽  
Kevin M. Colleaux ◽  
Kenneth G. Romanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Eye Injuries ◽  
Eye Protection
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