Penetration of sodium hypochlorite into root canal dentine: effect of surfactants, gel form and passive ultrasonic irrigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Faria ◽  
K. S. Viola ◽  
H. Coaguila‐Llerena ◽  
L. R. A. Oliveira ◽  
R. T. Leonardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation

scholarly journals Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Apical Extrusion of Irrigating Solution

2008 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer Tasdemir ◽  
Kursat Er ◽  
Davut Celik ◽  
Tahsin Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Apical Extrusion ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

ABSTRACTObjectives: To determine the influence of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on apical extrusion of irrigating solution.Methods: Twenty freshly extracted maxillary and mandibular incisors with single straight root canals were instrumented with ProTaper rotary files. During final irrigation, the root canals were filled with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution and PUI was performed with a piezoelectronic unit. A stainless steel instrument (size 15) was inserted into the root canal and the irrigant was ultrasonically activated for one minute. This sequence was repeated three times, resultingin a total PUI time of three minutes. The volume of extruded irrigant was measured by Pipetman pipettes. The data were statistically analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test.Results: The mean volume of apical extruded irrigant was 2.15 �L for the PUI group and 14 �L forthe control group. The experimentalgroup extruded significantly smaller amounts of irrigant than the control group (P<.05).Conclusions: The PUI procedure as a final irrigation was associated with less apical extrusion of the irrigating solution. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:198-203)

scholarly journals Apically Extruded Debris Using Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Associated with Different Root Canal Irrigants

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Arruda-Vasconcelos ◽  
Marlos Barbosa-Ribeiro ◽  
Lidiane Mendes Louzada ◽  
Giovanna Dornelas Mantovani ◽  
Brenda PFA Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Root Canal Irrigants ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel ◽  
Chlorhexidine Solution

Abstract The present study evaluated the amount of apically extruded debris after chemo-mechanical preparation (CMP) associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) using four different root canal irrigants, namely, 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine gel + saline solution (2% CHXg+SS), 2% chlorhexidine solution (2% CHXs) and SS alone. Sixty mandibular premolars with single straight root canals were selected and randomly assigned into 4 groups (n=15) according to the root canal irrigant used as follows: G1 (PUI + NaOCl), G2 (PUI + CHXg+SS), G3 (PUI+CHXs) and G4 (PUI+SS). Reciproc® R25 files (25/.08) were used during CMP and the debris extruded from each tooth were collected in pre-weighted Eppendorf tubes and dried. The average weight of debris was assessed by using an analytical microbalance. Data were statistically analysed by using ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey’s test (a=0.05). Debris extrusion was observed in all groups, irrespective of the root canal irrigating, with 2% CHXg + SS being associated with lower debris extrusion compared to other irrigants (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed between 6% NaOCl, 2% CHXs and SS. In conclusion, passive ultrasonic irrigation did not completely prevent apically extrusion of debris. PUI performed with 2% chlorhexidine gel + saline solution significantly minimized debris extrusion compared to 6% sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine solution and saline solution.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Protocols on the Removal of Dentinal Debris from Artificial Grooves

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ricci Vivan ◽  
Jussaro Alves Duque ◽  
Murilo Priori Alcalde ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Reis Só ◽  
Clóvis Monteiro Bramante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Similar Performance ◽  
Ultrasonic Device ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different passive ultrasonic irrigation protocols on the removal of debris in artificially created grooves in the cervical, middle and apical root thirds. Forty extracted bovine incisor roots were instrumented to 1 mm of the root apex with a R50 Reciproc instrument and irrigated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. The roots were then inserted in a muffle and cleaved into two hemisections. Grooves (3-mm long) were done at 2, 7 and 12 mm from the root apex in one hemisection and filled with dentinal debris. The hemisections were regrouped into the muffle and divided into 4 groups (n=10) according to the final irrigation protocol: Control group: 3x20 s using a #30 gauge needle without agitation of the irrigating solution; Group PUI-s (static passive ultrasonic irrigation): 3x20 s of passive ultrasonic irrigation with the tip of the insert maintained static on the apical third; Group PUI-t (passive ultrasonic irrigation per third): 20 s of PUI in each third; Group PUI-d (passive dynamic ultrasonic irrigation): 3x20 s of PUI dynamically moving the insert in the whole extent of the root canal. In all groups, was used a total of 6 mL of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite as irrigant. After these procedures, the grooves were analyzed with a stereomicroscope and assigned scores as regards removal of the debris. The data were analyzed statistically (a=0.05). The results showed a better cleaning in all the groups where the irrigating solution was agitated with ultrasonic device than in the control group (p<0.05). In the apical third, the PUI-d and PUI-s showed similar performance (p>0.05) and a better cleanness than PUI-t (p<0.05). The dynamic and static methods of agitation of the irrigating solution provided more effective cleaning. PUI-d provided the most completely clean grooves suggesting that its use is the most adequate in cases of teeth with complex canal anatomy.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Vapor Lock Effect Removal in Endo Training Blocks: Manual Dynamic Agitation versus Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5411
Author(s):  
Mario Dioguardi ◽  
Vito Crincoli ◽  
Diego Sovereto ◽  
Giorgia Apollonia Caloro ◽  
Riccardo Aiuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
P Value ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Disposable Syringe ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Edta Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid

Root canal cleaning plays an important role in endodontics. In most cases, root canal cleaning is performed using irrigants, such as sodium hypochlorite or EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid). The efficacy of these irrigants may be compromised by different phenomena, such as vapor lock. Different methods can be used to overcome this problem; in this paper, we compare the efficacy of two such methods: manual dynamic agitation (MDA) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). We shaped 50 endo training blocks, which were divided into two groups of 25 samples each, into MDA or PUI groups. In both groups, the vapor lock was produced by delivering a watery solution using a disposable syringe with a tip-opened needle. Using the MDA technique, vapor lock was removed in 15/25 cases. The PUI technique produced the same results in 17/25 cases, where vapor lock was only reduced, not removed. The MDA method produced an average reduction in vapor lock of 80%, whereas the PUI method yielded a 55% reduction. The differences among groups were assessed through a Mann–Whitney U test, and the results had a p-value of 0.0013, which was considered to be statistically significant. The MDA method was able to effectively remove vapor lock. PUI, however, was only able to reduce but not remove vapor lock.

scholarly journals Antibacterial action of red and green propolis extract in infected root canal

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Mônica Misaé Endo ◽  
Cyntia R. A. Estrela ◽  
Ana Helena G. Alencar ◽  
Júlio Almeida Silva ◽  
Daniel Almeida Decurcio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Antibacterial Action ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Conventional Irrigation

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the antibacterial action of 30% red propolis, 40% green propolis and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite with irrigation protocols in infected root canals.METHODS: During 60 days, twenty-four root canals were inoculated with E. faecalis. In all experimental groups were performed root canal preparation and two irrigation protocols - passive ultrasonic irrigation and conventional irrigation. In the groups 1, 3, 5 and 7 it were made root canal preparation associated to conventional irrigation with 30% propolis, 40% propolis, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and distilled water, respectively. In groups 2, 4, 6 and 8 it was made root canal preparation associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation with the solutions described above. The groups 9 and 10 were the controls (negative and positive). Samples of the root canals were collected and immersed in 7 mL of BHI, for 48 hours, at 37ºC. Bacterial growth was analyzed by turbidity of the culture medium.RESULTS: Antibacterial action was observed of 30% red propolis and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite when used passive ultrasonic irrigation and conventional irrigation after 20 minutes, but in 72 hours it was not effective.CONCLUSION: The irrigating agents and protocols were not effective to eliminate the microorganisms of the infected root canals. Clinical Significance: Propolis presents potential for clinical application due to its antimicrobial, anti inflammatory, antioxidant and low toxicity properties.

scholarly journals Advantages and application of ultrasonic irrigation in endodontics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha A. Abdulwahab ◽  
Lama A. Alghamdi ◽  
Nawaf A. Alshamrani ◽  
Khalid M. Alharbi ◽  
Salem M. Alghamdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Traditional Approaches

In the current practice, evidence shows that the currently used irrigant solutions (including sodium hypochlorite combined with and without chlorhexidine or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) cannot achieve full cleaning outcomes of the root canal. Accordingly, recent approaches were directed to innovate more efficacious modalities that can overcome the limitations of manual instrumentation and irrigation solutions. In this context, ultrasonic irrigation has been described in the literature as a favorable approach with significantly enhanced outcomes. We have provided evidence regarding the use of ultrasonic irrigation in endodontics. Our findings indicate that passive ultrasonic irrigation is more effective than manual instrumentation in eradicating debris and achieving favorable disinfection. Besides, it has been evidenced that the modality significantly reduces the time to achieve favorable treatment outcomes compared with the traditional approaches. It has been furtherly shown that more favorable outcomes were associated with the combined use of passive ultrasonic irrigation with manual instrumentation. Therefore, it has been suggested that manual instrumentation should be used at the initial phase to achieve adequate preparation, and passive ultrasonic irrigation should be used later on to achieve root canal cleaning.

scholarly journals Outcomes of Endodontic Therapy Comparing Conventional Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation with Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Using Sodium Hypochlorite and Ethylenediaminetetraacetate. A Retrospective Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Hertel ◽  
Katja Sommer ◽  
Eckehard Kostka ◽  
Sandra Maria Imiolczyk ◽  
Husam Ballout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Endodontic Irrigation ◽  
Group 2

The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of two different standardized endodontic irrigation protocols. It was assumed that the additional use of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) would result in an increased rate of absence of symptoms and remission based on the periapical index (PAI) compared to passive irrigation using only sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Data and radiographs from 199 teeth retrieved from the institutional endodontic database were analyzed retrospectively. In 106 teeth irrigation was performed using only NaOCl (protocol 1). Ninety-three teeth were irrigated using NaOCl and EDTA (protocol 2). Chlorhexidine (CHX) was additionally used in revision treatments in both groups. All irrigants in group 2 were activated by PUI. Mean follow-up periods were: protocol 1 = 9.2 ± 4.4 and protocol 2 = 6.6 ± 2.5 months (p < 0.0001 (chi-square test). The frequencies of the PAImasterpoint and PAIfollow-up scores did not differ significantly between teeth, which received either protocol 1 or 2 (p = 0.555 and 0.138). Statistical analysis revealed no significant association between treatment success (absence of clinical symptoms and PAIfollow-up = I or PAImasterpoint > PAIfollow-up > I) and the applied protocol (success rates: protocol 1 = 72.6% vs. protocol 2 = 82.8%; p = 0.203). Furthermore, the frequency of extractions did not differ significantly between the two protocols (p = 0.102). No association was found between follow-up time and treatment success (p = 0.888). The hypothesis was not confirmed. Even though the obtained success rate was higher after supplementing the irrigation protocol with EDTA and PUI, no significance was recorded. Hence, protocol 2 was not superior to protocol 1 regarding therapy success, at least within the limited follow-up period. It may be cautiously concluded that sufficient mechanical debridement combined with passive NaOCl irrigation results in comparably high success rates compared to EDTA and PUI.

scholarly journals Passive ultrasonic irrigation in calcium hydroxide removal from root canals: a sem/eds analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Fernanda Hoffmann Busanello ◽  
Angela Longo Do Nascimento ◽  
Lilian Tietz ◽  
Mirela Sangoi Barreto ◽  
Ricardo Abreu Da Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide Removal ◽  
And Control ◽  
Elementary Chemical

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of different lengths of time of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) in removing calcium hydroxide (CH) paste from root canal, using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-four human premolars were used. After coronal access, a size #15 K-file was used to obtain apical patency. Root canal preparation was performed using WaveOne 40.08 instruments. CH paste was placed into the root canal. Specimens were stored in a humid environment, and after seven days, they were divided into five groups (n=12) according to the irrigation protocols: Manual– a size #40 K-file; PUI/1– 1 min; PUI/2– 2 min; PUI/3– 3 min; and Control– without CH paste. An elementary chemical microanalysis (SEM/EDS) was performed to quantify the presence of calcium on the dentinal walls. RESULTS: The percentage of calcium was higher in all experimental groups when compared to the control group (P < 0.05); but no differences among them were found (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The amount of calcium hydroxide paste on the dentinal walls was not dependent on length of time of ultrasonic activation. SEM/EDS analysis seems to be a reliable method to assess CH paste removal from the root canals.

scholarly journals Comparison of different irrigation and agitation methods for the removal of two types of calcium hydroxide medicaments from the root canal wall: An in-vitro study

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Singh Kirar ◽  
Pradeep Jain ◽  
Pallav Patni
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background and aim: Comparison of different irrigation and agitation methods for the removal of two types of calcium hydroxide medicaments from the root canal walls.Methods: Fifty extracted single rooted teeth were selected for this study. After decoronation, the root canals of these teeth were prepared to the size F3 (30 no.) using rotary ProTaper file system. These samples were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 (n=20) were filled completely with water based calcium hydroxide (CH), Group 2 (n=20) were filled with oil based CH using lentulo spiral, Group 3 (n=5) - the positive control group received the CH as intracanal medication, but no subsequent removal, Group 4 (n=5) - the negative control did not receive CH placement. Further on, Group 1 and Group 2 were divided into four sub-groups (n=5). In sub-group A we performed conventional syringe irrigation with side-vented needle sub-group B) manual dynamic agitation, sub-group C sonic agitation using endoactivator, sub-group D passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Roots were split longitudinally into mesial and distal halves. Digital images of the root canal walls were acquired by a Dental Operating Microscope (DOM) and assessed by using a scoring criteria at different thirds (coronal, middle and apical) of the root canal as follows: score 1, score 2, score 3, and score 4. Data were analyzed applying one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests at a 95% confidence interval (P < 0.05).Results: Statistically significant differences were not found between the experimental groups and the negative group in any one third of the root canal (P>0.05). However, a difference did exist between the experimental groups and the positive control group (P<0.05). None of the experimental groups totally removed CH substances from root canal walls.Conclusion: Among all experimental groups, removal of CH was best achieved by sonic agitation using endoactivator followed by passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), manual dynamic agitation and conventional syringe irrigation with side-vented needle.

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