scholarly journals Tongue coating in relationship to gender, plaque, gingivitis and tongue cleaning behaviour in systemically healthy young adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Laura M. Van Gils ◽  
Dagmar E. Slot ◽  
Eveline Van der Sluijs ◽  
Nienke L. Hennequin‐Hoenderdos ◽  
Fridus (GA) Van der Weijden
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Cleaning Behaviour ◽  
Tongue Cleaning

scholarly journals Prevalence of Tongue Cleaning Using a Toothbrush: A Questionnaire Survey in Fukui Prefecture, Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Shinpei Matsuda ◽  
Takehisa Saito ◽  
Hisato Yoshida ◽  
Hitoshi Yoshimura ◽  
Kazuo Sano
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
General Public ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tongue Cleaning ◽  
The University

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the tongue cleaning habits using toothbrushes among outpatients of the University of Fukui Hospital and a private hospital in Fukui Prefecture. Methods. We administered a questionnaire survey to volunteers detailing tongue cleaning habits using toothbrushes. The content of the questions in this survey were as follows: gender, age, frequency of tongue cleaning, portion of tongue cleaning, and purposes of tongue cleaning. Results. We had 1,014 volunteers of various ages participating in this study. Regarding the frequency of tongue cleaning, 187 (18.4%) of all participants replied, “Every day”, and 346 (34.1%) replied, “Sometimes”. Regarding tongue cleaning of the 533 participants with active tongue cleaning habits, 242 (45.4%) participants replied, “The center of the dorsum of the tongue”, and 274 (51.4%) replied, “The entire tongue”. When analyzing the purpose of tongue cleaning, 346 (64.9%) participants replied, “To remove the tongue stain”, 192 (36.0%) participants replied, “To remove the tongue coating”, and 240 (45.0%) participants replied, “To manage halitosis”. Conclusions. This study clarified that a wide range of age groups in the nonhospitalized general public practiced tongue cleaning habits using a toothbrush for various purposes.

scholarly journals Effect of Tongue Cleaning Methods and Oral Mutans Streptococci Level

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajashree Gondhalekar ◽  
KM Jose Richard ◽  
MG Jayachandra ◽  
Sachin Aslam ◽  
Vamsi Nilay Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tongue Cleaning ◽  
Coating Removal ◽  
Cleaning Methods

ABSTRACT Introduction Tongue scraping and brushing have been appreciated for hundreds of years but are still appreciated or used by the public. Scientific evidence has validated the need to practice habitual and tongue cleaning as part of daily home oral hygiene procedures. Objective To assess and compare the effect of tongue scraping and tongue brushing on oral Mutans streptococci level. Materials and methods A total of 20 healthy subjects aged 14 to 15 years were randomly selected. Flat plastic tongue scraper and Nylon multitufted small headed toothbrush are the two tongue cleaning devise used. Unstimulated salivary samples were obtained at 4 intervals from each individual. Salivary samples were inoculated on Mitis Salivary Agar Plate and Sorbital Broth was used for identification of Mutans streptococci group. Results Paired and unpaired ‘t’ test were employed. Reduiction in the Mutans streptococci level from 48.4 × 104 CFU and 38.3 × 104 CFU at baseline in tongue scraping and tongue brushing group respectively to 0.34 × 104 and 0.39 × 104 CFU after 7th day. Conclusion Both tongue coating removal methods evaluated were efficient in reducing mutans streptococci level. This implies that physical removal of the coating on the dorsum of the tongue is important and not the method used for the same. How to cite this article Gondhalekar R, Richard KMJ, Jayachandra MG, Aslam S, Reddy VN, Barabde AS. Effect of Tongue Cleaning Methods and Oral Mutans Streptococci Level. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(1):119-122.

scholarly journals The Effect of Mechanical Tongue Cleaning on Oral Malodor and Tongue Coating

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Ha-Na Choi ◽  
Young-Sik Cho ◽  
Jung-Wan Koo
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Oral Malodor ◽  
Gas Measurement ◽  
Coating Methods ◽  
Tongue Cleaning ◽  
Bad Breath ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Cleaning Methods ◽  
Breath Measurement

Background: Mechanical tongue cleaning is an important oral hygiene procedure; it is known that a significant cause of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), a major component of bad breath, is due to the bacteria coating the tongue. This study was conducted to identify the effect of mechanical tongue cleaning on reducing bad breath and tongue coating. Methods: Various mechanical tongue-cleaning methods were studied, including removing tongue coating using a toothbrush, removing tongue coating using a tongue scraper, and removing tongue coating using a toothbrush and a tongue scraper together. The results were as follows. Results: First, the organic bad breath measurement value after cleaning the tongue significantly decreased in the group using only the toothbrush, the group using only the tongue scraper, and the group using both the toothbrush and the tongue scraper. However, there was no difference between the groups. Second, after cleaning the tongue, the measured values of the tongue coating in the values of WTCI (Winkel’s tongue coating index) and Qray view were significantly reduced in all three groups, and there was no difference between the groups. Third, the gas measurement value in the oral cavity using a machine significantly decreased only the H2S value of the group using the tongue scraper immediately after the mechanical tongue cleaning. Conclusions: From these results, it can be confirmed that mechanical tongue cleaning is effective at reducing bad breath and tongue coating. However, in this study, there was no difference in the reduction effect according to the tools (groups) used for mechanical tongue cleaning. It can therefore be seen that wiping accurately from the rear of the tongue to the front is more effective at reducing bad breath and tongue coating.

scholarly journals Tongue-coating and mixed saliva obtained from smokers and/or drinkers: nitric oxide/nitrite contents

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Marise Ramos de Souza ◽  
Marcelo Genestra
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Tongue Cleaning ◽  
Nitrogen Radicals ◽  
Mixed Saliva

The aim of this study was to investigate comparatively the concentration of a nitrogen radical, particularly nitric oxide (NO)/nitrite (NO2 -), in the tongue-coating and mixed saliva obtained from smokers/non-smokers and drinkers/non-drinkers, proving the cytotoxic and cytoprotective effect of these free radicals in oral metabolism and physiophatolology of oral diseases. Masticatory (stimulated) methods were used in order to determine the salivary flow rates of 100 patients. The tongue-coating was obtained through of tongue cleaning named Kolbe’s cleaner. Nitrite contents was measured spectophotometricaly by Griess method. Despite the NO been admittedly an important mediator of some physiological functions, when it is generated in excess it acts as the molecule-key of the cellular damage and tissue injury. The results point out that the association tobacco/alcohol points positive correlation between the increasing concentration of nitrogen radicals in the mixed saliva in order to favour tobacco/alcohol users, in comparison with the control group (not smokers/not drinkers). However, the NO/NO2 - concentration in tongue-coating is worthless, comparing to mixed saliva.

Toothbrushing Versus Toothbrushing Plus Tongue Cleaning in Reducing Halitosis and Tongue Coating

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Wen Kuo ◽  
Miaofen Yen ◽  
Susan Fetzer ◽  
Jiann-Der Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Tongue Cleaning

scholarly journals Effects of tongue cleaning on bacterial flora in tongue coating and dental plaque: a crossover study

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miki Matsui ◽  
Naoyuki Chosa ◽  
Yu Shimoyama ◽  
Kentaro Minami ◽  
Shigenobu Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Tongue Cleaning

Effectiveness of mechanical tongue cleaning on breath odour and tongue coating: a systematic review

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
MI Van der Sleen ◽  
DE Slot ◽  
E Van Trijffel ◽  
EG Winkel ◽  
GA Van der Weijden
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Tongue Cleaning

scholarly journals Tongue-coating and mixed saliva obtained from smokers and/or drinkers: nitric oxide/nitrite contents

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Marise Ramos de Souza ◽  
Marcelo Genestra
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Tongue Cleaning ◽  
Nitrogen Radicals ◽  
Mixed Saliva

The aim of this study was to investigate comparatively the concentration of a nitrogen radical, particularly nitric oxide (NO)/nitrite (NO2 -), in the tongue-coating and mixed saliva obtained from smokers/non-smokers and drinkers/non-drinkers, proving the cytotoxic and cytoprotective effect of these free radicals in oral metabolism and physiophatolology of oral diseases. Masticatory (stimulated) methods were used in order to determine the salivary flow rates of 100 patients. The tongue-coating was obtained through of tongue cleaning named Kolbe’s cleaner. Nitrite contents was measured spectophotometricaly by Griess method. Despite the NO been admittedly an important mediator of some physiological functions, when it is generated in excess it acts as the molecule-key of the cellular damage and tissue injury. The results point out that the association tobacco/alcohol points positive correlation between the increasing concentration of nitrogen radicals in the mixed saliva in order to favour tobacco/alcohol users, in comparison with the control group (not smokers/not drinkers). However, the NO/NO2 - concentration in tongue-coating is worthless, comparing to mixed saliva.

scholarly journals Penggunaan tongue scraper dan kebersihan gigi dan mulut setelah penyuluhan pada anak Panti Asuhan Ashabul Kahfi Makassar Using tounge scraper and oral-dental hygiene after counseling at children of orphanage Ashabul Kahfi Makassar

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Idham Idham ◽  
Rifaat Nurrahma ◽  
Rasmidar Samad
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Dental Hygiene ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Tongue Coating ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tongue Cleaning ◽  
And Gender

Tongue cleaning is a simple and quick procedure to eliminate organisms and debris on tongue. Tongue cleaning canbe performed by using a tongue scraper. This study was conducted to determine the correlation between the index ofOHI-S and tongue coating, and explain the knowledge of oral hygiene and a tongue scraper tongue at an orphanage inMakassar. Subjects were children of orphanage Ashabul Kahfi, who attend and agree to all the procedures. Dentalhygiene assessed by OHI-S index and examination of the tongue by tongue coating index. A total of 24 boys and 16girls were given questionnaires before and after counseling. The results showed no significant correlation between thetwo indices (p=0.382). Distribution of the questionnaire answers showed increased correct answers after givingcounseling. However, based on the level of education and gender, showed no significant differences in knowledgeregarding the cleanliness of the tongue and a tongue scraper (p=0.858, p=0.486). Significant differences were also seen in the comparison group who use and do not use a tongue scraper. It was concluded that there was no significantcorrelation between OHI-S index and tongue coating, but counseling would increase knowledge of the child orphanageAshabul Kahfi although there was no difference in knowledge regarding the cleanliness of the tongue and a tonguescraper based on education level and gender.

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