Windthrows promote higher diversity of saproxylic beetles (Coleoptera: Passalidae) in a Central Amazon forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janderson Batista Rodrigues Alencar ◽  
Claudio Ruy Vasconcelos Fonseca ◽  
Daniel Magnabosco Marra ◽  
Fabrício Beggiato Baccaro
Keyword(s):  
Saproxylic Beetles ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Central Amazon

scholarly journals Evaluation of MEGAN-CLM parameter sensitivity to predictions of isoprene emissions from an Amazonian rainforest

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 23995-24041 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Holm ◽  
K. Jardine ◽  
A. B. Guenther ◽  
J. Q. Chambers ◽  
E. Tribuzy
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Leaf Temperature ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Community Land Model ◽  
Environmental Controls

Abstract. Tropical trees are known to be large emitters of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC), accounting for up to 75% of the global isoprene budget. Once in the atmosphere, these compounds influence multiple processes associated with air quality and climate. However, uncertainty in biogenic emissions is two-fold, (1) the environmental controls over isoprene emissions from tropical forests remain highly uncertain; and (2) our ability to accurately represent these environmental controls within models is lacking. This study evaluated the biophysical parameters that drive the global Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) embedded in a biogeochemistry land surface model, the Community Land Model (CLM), with a focus on isoprene emissions from an Amazonian forest. Upon evaluating the sensitivity of 19 parameters in CLM that currently influence isoprene emissions by using a Monte Carlo analysis, up to 61% of the uncertainty in mean isoprene emissions was caused by the uncertainty in the parameters related to leaf temperature. The eight parameters associated with photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) contributed in total to only 15% of the uncertainty in mean isoprene emissions. Leaf temperature was strongly correlated with isoprene emission activity (R2 = 0.89). However, when compared to field measurements in the Central Amazon, CLM failed to capture the upper 10–14 °C of leaf temperatures throughout the year (i.e., failed to represent ~32 to 46 °C), and the spread observed in field measurements was not representative in CLM. This is an important parameter to accurately simulate due to the non-linear response of emissions to temperature. MEGAN-CLM 4.0 overestimated isoprene emissions by 60% for a Central Amazon forest (5.7 mg m−2 h−1 vs. 3.6 mg m−2 h−1), but due to reductions in leaf area index (LAI) by 28% in MEGAN-CLM 4.5 isoprene emissions were within 7% of observed data (3.8 mg m−2 h−1). When a slight adjustment to leaf temperature was made to match observations, isoprene emissions increased 24%, up to 4.8 mg m−2 h−1. Air temperatures are very likely to increase in tropical regions as a result of human induced climate change. Reducing the uncertainty of leaf temperature in BVOC algorithms, as well as improving the accuracy of replicating leaf temperature output in land surface models is warranted in order to improve estimations of tropical BVOC emissions.

scholarly journals Causes of reduced leaf-level photosynthesis during strong El Niño drought in a Central Amazon forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 4266-4279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Alexandre Hardt Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Marciel José Ferreira ◽  
João Victor Figueiredo Cardoso Rodrigues ◽  
Maquelle Neves Garcia ◽  
João Vitor Barbosa Ceron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Leaf Level

A new species of Xenylla Tullberg, 1869 (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) from Central Amazon, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4347 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
ANA C. R. NEVES ◽  
MARIA C. MENDONÇA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the cosmopolitan genus Xenylla Tullberg, 1869 is herein described and illustrated. The new species, Xenylla hodori sp. nov., from the Amazon Forest of Northern Brazil, resembles X. capixaba Fernandes & Mendonça, 2010 and X. welchi Folsom, 1916 due, the number of eyes, chaetotaxy head and shape of furca. X. hodori sp. nov. is the second species recorded for the Brazilian Amazon Region. 

A 30-year study of the effects of selective logging on a stem-less palm (Astrocaryum sociale) in a central-Amazon forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 432 ◽  
pp. 607-611
Author(s):  
Emílio Manabu Higashikawa ◽  
Maria Marcela Ortiz Brasil ◽  
William Ernest Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Selective Logging ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Central Amazon

scholarly journals Large-Scale Wind Disturbances Promote Tree Diversity in a Central Amazon Forest

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e103711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Magnabosco Marra ◽  
Jeffrey Q. Chambers ◽  
Niro Higuchi ◽  
Susan E. Trumbore ◽  
Gabriel H. P. M. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Central Amazon

scholarly journals Interannual Variation in Hydrologic Budgets in an Amazonian Watershed with a Coupled Subsurface–Land Surface Process Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2597-2617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Niu ◽  
Chaopeng Shen ◽  
Jeffrey Q. Chambers ◽  
John M. Melack ◽  
William J. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Stream Discharge ◽  
Strong Control

Abstract The central Amazon forest is projected to experience larger interannual precipitation variability, with uncertain impacts on terrestrial hydrologic fluxes. How surface runoff, groundwater, and evapotranspiration (ET) change as a function of annual precipitation (AP) has large climate and biogeochemical implications. A process-based hydrological model is used to examine the sensitivity of hydrologic budgets and stream discharge Qs generation to AP in an upland Amazon catchment. The authors find that AP strongly controls infiltration, base flow, and surface runoff, but not ET. Hence, AP alone can predict interannual changes in these fluxes except ET. Experiments with perturbed rainfall show the strong control derives from the predominant groundwater component that varies linearly with AP but is insensitive to seasonal rainfall fluctuations. Most rainfall from large storms infiltrates and becomes base flow rather than runoff or ET. Annual baseflow index (BFI; the fraction of stream discharge from base flow) is nearly constant (~0.8) when AP is below ~2500 mm yr−1 and decreases with AP above this value, which represents an inflection point for increased storage-dependent saturation excess. These results indicate that the system is energy limited and groundwater dominated in dry seasons, which implies some resilience of ET to moderate droughts. The results suggest AP is a good predictor for interannual changes in infiltration. Both the seasonal near-surface soil moisture and surface runoff are correlated more strongly to the subsurface fluxes than to precipitation over monthly and annual time scales. Finally, the results confirm the importance of central Amazon groundwater flow and its buffering effect on storms and droughts, implying needed model development in regional to global models.

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