The role of a rosette‐shaped plant ( Eryngium horridum , Apiaceae) on grassland spiders along a grazing intensity gradient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leoni Silva Bomfim ◽  
João Anacleto Gomez Bitencourt ◽  
Everton Nei Lopes Rodrigues ◽  
Luciana Regina Podgaiski
Keyword(s):  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Intensity Gradient ◽  
Eryngium Horridum

Spread of Introduced Lehmann Lovegrass Along a Grazing Intensity Gradient

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchel P. McClaran ◽  
Michael E. Anable
Keyword(s):  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Intensity Gradient ◽  
Lehmann Lovegrass

How reproductive, vegetative and defensive strategies of Mediterranean grassland species respond to a grazing intensity gradient

Plant Ecology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 210 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. De Miguel ◽  
M. A. Casado ◽  
A. Del Pozo ◽  
C. Ovalle ◽  
P. Moreno-Casasola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Intensity Gradient ◽  
Grassland Species ◽  
Defensive Strategies

scholarly journals Grazing intensity contributes to cyanogenic toxicity in savannah grasses in Baringo county

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Alfayo Koskei ◽  
Elias Maranga ◽  
Meshack Obonyo
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Cyanogenic Glycosides ◽  
Heavy Grazing ◽  
Simulated Grazing ◽  
Low Levels

The potential role of anti-herbivory mechanisms used by plants and their synergistic responses to grazing and interactive effects on herbivores are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to quantify the influence of grazing intensity on cyanogenic glycosides in Lake Bogoria, Baringo County Kenya. Field experiments were carried out in ten 50×10m enclosures. Grazing intensity was varied using simulated grazing method where two grazing treatments used; heavy grazing and light grazing. Grasses were categorized into two age classes; young and old. Cyanigenic glycocides (CNglc) were tested using impregnated picrate paper and their concentration determined by hydrolysis and trapping in 1M NaOH. Our findings showed that five of 16 sampled species produce cyanogenic glycosides; Cynodon dactylon, Cynodon plectostachyus, Digitaria scalarum, Sporobolus spicatus and Cyperus laevigatus. There was an inverse relation between Cyanide concentration and age of the plants. Young cuttings yield more Hydrogen Cyanide than older cuttings of the same grasses.Grazing intensity had a significant effect on the concentration of cyanogenic content in some grass species; C.dactylon (P=0.024) and S. laevigatus (P=0.003). The findings imply that grazing regime of managed pastures should consider the age of forage while allowing utilization of pastures preferably grazed on mature pastures with low levels of cyanogenic glycosides.

scholarly journals Role of the magnetic field in the fragmentation process: the case of G14.225-0.506

2020 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
pp. A52
Author(s):  
N. Añez-López ◽  
G. Busquet ◽  
P. M. Koch ◽  
J. M. Girart ◽  
H. B. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Angular Resolution ◽  
Uniform Structure ◽  
Intensity Gradient ◽  
Dark Cloud ◽  
Filament System ◽  
East And West ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Different Levels

Context. Magnetic fields are predicted to play a significant role in the formation of filamentary structures and their fragmentation to form stars and star clusters. Aims. We aim to investigate the role of the magnetic field in the process of core fragmentation toward the two hub–filament systems in the infrared dark cloud G14.225-0.506, which present different levels of fragmentation. Methods. We performed observations of the thermal dust polarization at 350 μm using the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO) with an angular resolution of 10″ toward the two hubs (Hub-N and Hub-S) in the infrared dark cloud G14.225-0.506. We additionally applied the polarization–intensity-gradient method to estimate the significance of the magnetic field over the gravitational force. Results. The sky-projected magnetic field in Hub-N shows a rather uniform structure along the east–west orientation, which is roughly perpendicular to the major axis of the hub–filament system. The intensity gradient in Hub-N displays a single local minimum coinciding with the dust core MM1a detected with interferometric observations. Such a prevailing magnetic field orientation is slightly perturbed when approaching the dust core. Unlike the northern Hub, Hub-S shows two local minima, reflecting the bimodal distribution of the magnetic field. In Hub-N, both east and west of the hub–filament system, the intensity gradient and the magnetic field are parallel whereas they tend to be perpendicular when penetrating the dense filaments and hub. Analysis of the |δ|- and ΣB-maps indicates that, in general, the magnetic field cannot prevent gravitational collapse, both east and west, suggesting that the magnetic field is initially dragged by the infalling motion and aligned with it, or is channeling material toward the central ridge from both sides. Values of ΣB ≳ 1 are found toward a north–south ridge encompassing the dust emission peak, indicating that in this region magnetic field dominates over gravity force, or that with the current angular resolution we cannot resolve a hypothetically more complex structure. We estimated the magnetic field strength, the mass-to-flux ratio, and the Alfvén Mach number, and found differences between the two hubs. Conclusions. The different levels of fragmentation observed in these two hubs could arise from differences in the properties of the magnetic field rather than from differences in the intensity of the gravitational field because the density in the two hubs is similar. However, environmental effects could also play a role.

SHIFTS IN POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE PLANT INTERACTIONS ALONG A GRAZING INTENSITY GRADIENT

Ecology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Graff ◽  
Martín R. Aguiar ◽  
Enrique J. Chaneton
Keyword(s):  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Intensity Gradient

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Diffusion Weighted MR Images of Brain Tumor Using Signal Intensity Gradient Technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Shanbhag ◽  
G. R. Udupi ◽  
K. M. Patil ◽  
K. Ranganath
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Intensity Gradient ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Gradient Technique ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Tumor Types

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of diffusion weighted-magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in the examination and classification of brain tumors, namely, glioma and meningioma. Our hypothesis was that as signal intensity variations on diffusion weighted (DW) images depend on histology and cellularity of the tumor, analysing the signal intensity characteristics on DW images may allow differentiating between the tumor types. Towards this end the signal intensity variations on DW images of the entire tumor volume data of 20 subjects with glioma and 12 subjects with meningioma were investigated and quantified using signal intensity gradient (SIG) parameter. The relative increase in the SIG values (RSIG) for the subjects with glioma and meningioma was in the range of 10.08–28.36 times and 5.60–9.86 times, respectively, compared to their corresponding SIG values on the contralateral hemisphere. The RSIG values were significantly different between the subjects with glioma and meningioma (P<0.01), with no overlap between RSIG values across the two tumors. The results indicate that the quantitative changes in the RSIG values could be applied in the differential diagnosis of glioma and meningioma, and their adoption in clinical diagnosis and treatment could be helpful and informative.

scholarly journals Role of Grazing Intensity on Shaping Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Communities in Patagonian Semiarid Steppes

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 692-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Dudinszky ◽  
M.N. Cabello ◽  
A.A. Grimoldi ◽  
S. Schalamuk ◽  
R.A. Golluscio
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Semiarid Steppes
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