scholarly journals Free access of published DNA‐sequences facilitates regular control of (meta‐)data quality – an example from shorebird mitogenomes (Aves, Charadriiformes: Charadrius )

Ibis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Päckert
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Meta Data ◽  
Regular Control

scholarly journals E-Government, transparency and personal data protection.

2018 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Annarita Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Free Access ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Road Map ◽  
The Right

In recent years, many governments increased transparency, publicity and free access in their activities. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are seen as a powerful tool to reduce “public diseases” such as low citizen trust, bad performance, low accountability and corruption. While some of these efforts have received a considerable attention, the balance between the value of transparency and the necessity of protecting individual’s personal rights has not been widely considered. It is an obvious fact that administrative records and documents may contain personal data, so it has become necessary to guarantee citizens’ privacy and respect the principles set forth in the European legislation. Information can indeed become more damaging if spread on the web rather than through conventional channels. Therefore, personal identity has to be protected through the removal of information which it is no longer necessary to process. In this scenario, the present work analyses the main measures public administrative bodies are required to implement, regardless of the purposes for which the information is posted online. The analysis conducted will be a scholar reflection based on Directive 95/46/EC and recent “Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament ad of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)”. The paper will introduce a perspective concerning three different topics, namely the right to personal data protection, the data quality and the principle of proportionality. The road map will be as follows: to clarify the notion of data quality, to analyze the link between this principle and the value of transparency of public administrative activities and finally to introduce the dimension of the protection of personal data as a relative and not as an absolute right.

scholarly journals Importance of the Open Data Assessment: An Insight Into the (Meta) Data Quality Dimensions

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110231
Author(s):  
Barbara Šlibar ◽  
Dijana Oreški ◽  
Nina Begičević Ređep
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Meta Data ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
Data Quality Dimensions ◽  
Using Data

Data are the most important resource of the 21st century. The open data (OD) movement provides publicly available data for the development of a knowledge-based society. As such, the concept of OD is a valuable information technology (IT) tool for economic, social, and human development, which adds value. To further develop these processes on a global scale, users need to manage the quality of OD in their practices. Otherwise, what is the point of using data just for the sake of using it (in science or practice) without thinking about data compliance with norms, standards, and so forth? This article aims to provide an overview of (meta)data quality dimensions, sub-dimensions, and metrics used within OD assessment-related research papers. To achieve this, the authors performed a systematic literature review (SLR) and extracted data from 86 relevant studies dealing with the evaluation of OD. The article endows the progress made so far in OD assessment research. Findings of reviewing the assessment of the OD in the light of existing (meta)data quality dimensions unveil the potential of metadata. Furthermore, the analysis disclosed the need for greater use of quantitative methods in research, and metadata can greatly assist in this.

Transcription factor/DNA interactions visualized by electron spectroscopic imaging

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
David P. Bazett-Jones ◽  
Mark L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Electron Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Dna Backbone ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
High Level

A multisubunit RNA polymerase enzyme is ultimately responsible for transcription initiation and elongation of RNA, but recognition of the proper start site by the enzyme is regulated by general, temporal and gene-specific trans-factors interacting at promoter and enhancer DNA sequences. To understand the molecular mechanisms which precisely regulate the transcription initiation event, it is crucial to elucidate the structure of the transcription factor/DNA complexes involved. Electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) provides the opportunity to visualize individual DNA molecules. Enhancement of DNA contrast with ESI is accomplished by imaging with electrons that have interacted with inner shell electrons of phosphorus in the DNA backbone. Phosphorus detection at this intermediately high level of resolution (≈lnm) permits selective imaging of the DNA, to determine whether the protein factors compact, bend or wrap the DNA. Simultaneously, mass analysis and phosphorus content can be measured quantitatively, using adjacent DNA or tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as mass and phosphorus standards. These two parameters provide stoichiometric information relating the ratios of protein:DNA content.

DNA sequence mapping in interphase and metaphase chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
Barbara Trask ◽  
Susan Allen ◽  
Anne Bergmann ◽  
Mari Christensen ◽  
Anne Fertitta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Nick Translation ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Texas Red ◽  
Fluorescent Spot

Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the positions of DNA sequences can be discretely marked with a fluorescent spot. The efficiency of marking DNA sequences of the size cloned in cosmids is 90-95%, and the fluorescent spots produced after FISH are ≈0.3 μm in diameter. Sites of two sequences can be distinguished using two-color FISH. Different reporter molecules, such as biotin or digoxigenin, are incorporated into DNA sequence probes by nick translation. These reporter molecules are labeled after hybridization with different fluorochromes, e.g., FITC and Texas Red. The development of dual band pass filters (Chromatechnology) allows these fluorochromes to be photographed simultaneously without registration shift.

Three-Dimensional Structure of Cloned T3 Connector Protein at 1.6nm Resolution

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
José L. Carrascosa ◽  
José M. Valpuesta ◽  
Hisao Fujisawa
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Expression Vector ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Dna Packaging ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

The head to tail connector of bacteriophages plays a fundamental role in the assembly of viral heads and DNA packaging. In spite of the absence of sequence homology, the structure of connectors from different viruses (T4, Ø29, T3, P22, etc) share common morphological features, that are most clearly revealed in their three-dimensional structure. We have studied the three-dimensional reconstruction of the connector protein from phage T3 (gp 8) from tilted view of two dimensional crystals obtained from this protein after cloning and purification.DNA sequences including gene 8 from phage T3 were cloned, into Bam Hl-Eco Rl sites down stream of lambda promotor PL, in the expression vector pNT45 under the control of cI857. E R204 (pNT89) cells were incubated at 42°C for 2h, harvested and resuspended in 20 mM Tris HC1 (pH 7.4), 7mM 2 mercaptoethanol, ImM EDTA. The cells were lysed by freezing and thawing in the presence of lysozyme (lmg/ml) and ligthly sonicated. The low speed supernatant was precipitated by ammonium sulfate (60% saturated) and dissolved in the original buffer to be subjected to gel nitration through Sepharose 6B, followed by phosphocellulose colum (Pll) and DEAE cellulose colum (DE52). Purified gp8 appeared at 0.3M NaCl and formed crystals when its concentration increased above 1.5 mg/ml.

DNA methylation in satellite repeats disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Francastel ◽  
Frédérique Magdinier
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Human Genome ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Satellite Repeats ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Dna Elements ◽  
Near Future

Abstract Despite the tremendous progress made in recent years in assembling the human genome, tandemly repeated DNA elements remain poorly characterized. These sequences account for the vast majority of methylated sites in the human genome and their methylated state is necessary for this repetitive DNA to function properly and to maintain genome integrity. Furthermore, recent advances highlight the emerging role of these sequences in regulating the functions of the human genome and its variability during evolution, among individuals, or in disease susceptibility. In addition, a number of inherited rare diseases are directly linked to the alteration of some of these repetitive DNA sequences, either through changes in the organization or size of the tandem repeat arrays or through mutations in genes encoding chromatin modifiers involved in the epigenetic regulation of these elements. Although largely overlooked so far in the functional annotation of the human genome, satellite elements play key roles in its architectural and topological organization. This includes functions as boundary elements delimitating functional domains or assembly of repressive nuclear compartments, with local or distal impact on gene expression. Thus, the consideration of satellite repeats organization and their associated epigenetic landmarks, including DNA methylation (DNAme), will become unavoidable in the near future to fully decipher human phenotypes and associated diseases.

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