Vulnerability by Marriage: Okin's Radical Feminist Critique of Structural Gender Inequality

Hypatia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaele L. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Radical Feminist ◽  
Economic Vulnerability ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Us ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
Academic Register ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
Definition Of

The central thesis of Susan Okin'sJustice, Gender, and the Family—that the ideology of the traditional family is the linchpin of contemporary gender inequality in the US—remains significant more than a quarter‐century after the book's publication. On a political register, Okin's insistence on structural analysis of gender inequality is an important corrective to recent mainstream feminist emphasis on individual women's choices. On an academic register, her work reveals the incoherence of scholarly classifications of feminist theories as “liberal feminist” or “radical feminist” by confounding such distinctions. I argue that her thesis is best understood in relation to the early radical feminism of Juliet Mitchell'sWoman's Estate, a book Okin praised. Placing Okin's work in the context of its radical roots clarifies her “linchpin thesis,” but also reveals the limitations of her argument: in her emphasis on what Iris Young has termed the “distributive paradigm of justice,” Okin unnecessarily adopts a much narrower definition of the family than did Mitchell, and overestimates the influence of economic vulnerability after divorce on women's capacity to exit marriage. I suggest modifications to her theory, and conclude by showing the continuing relevance of her argument for analyzing recent legal, policy, and demographic shifts.

scholarly journals THE LINK BETWEEN INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE AND ANIMAL ABUSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
AVIVA VINCENT ◽  
SHELBY MCDONALD ◽  
BETHANIE POE ◽  
VICKI DEISNER
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Animal Abuse ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Us ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Forms Of Violence

In 2018, more homes in the US have pets than those that have children. Though pets are regarded as property by US law, a majority of people identify pets as part of the family unit. Animal abuse and cruelty have been identified as a potential indicator and precursor to interpersonal violence (IPV). Moreover, child maltreatment, domestic violence, elder abuse, and animal abuse co-occur in households and communities link together to indicate the nexus of these heinous crimes; these co-occurring forms of violence have been increasingly referred to as The Link, to indicate the linked violence. However, there is an incongruence in the definition of animal abuse and cruelty; thus, documenting cases, bringing charges, and achieving a conviction is difficult. Furthermore, the initial education to learn of these topics in human service professions, such as social work, remains absent from many curricula. In practice, cross-reporting of suspected abuse or neglect is a vital mechanism for connecting human and animal professionals to address the issues between human and animal welfare systems. This sharing of information can increase the likelihood that clients experiencing IPV will receive comprehensive services that can improve their level of safety and quality of life. By providing professionals with education for indicators of abuse, and strategies for how to make a report, communities can build stronger support networks for those in need. Herein, Ohio legislation and current community efforts serve as a case study to define animal abuse, delineate transdisciplinary factors for relevance, and make recommendations for addressing this vital social welfare need. The strategies within this case-study are encouraged to be adapted and applied nationally and internationally.

Gender Inequality and the Family and Medical Leave Act

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1425-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Prohaska ◽  
John F. Zipp
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
The State ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Medical Leave ◽  
The Family ◽  
Feminist Theories

In this article, we use feminist theories of the state to examine why the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) has had relatively little impact on increasing men’s caregiving after the birth or adoption of a child. An analysis of witness testimonies and of the language of the proposed bill at three different stages of its development revealed that as the business community became more vocal in its opposition to the bill, benefits for workers were reduced and testimonies discussing how FMLA could help alleviate gender inequality all but disappeared. We argue that making gender inequality in caregiving a focal point of discussions during the development of the bill could result in a policy that encourages men to use it and, in turn, lead to an increase in caregiving by fathers.

Holism, Chinese Medicine and Systems Ideologies: Rewriting the Past to Imagine the Future

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Scheid
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Medical Humanities ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Us ◽  
Shared Objective ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter explores the articulations that have emerged over the last half century between various types of holism, Chinese medicine and systems biology. Given the discipline’s historical attachments to a definition of ‘medicine’ that rather narrowly refers to biomedicine as developed in Europe and the US from the eighteenth century onwards, the medical humanities are not the most obvious starting point for such an inquiry. At the same time, they do offer one advantage over neighbouring disciplines like medical history, anthropology or science and technology studies for someone like myself, a clinician as well as a historian and anthropologist: their strong commitment to the objective of facilitating better medical practice. This promise furthermore links to the wider project of critique, which, in Max Horkheimer’s definition of the term, aims at change and emancipation in order ‘to liberate human beings from the circumstances that enslave them’. If we take the critical medical humanities as explicitly affirming this shared objective and responsibility, extending the discipline’s traditional gaze is not a burden but becomes, in fact, an obligation.

California

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Social Cartography ◽  
Family Network ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Us ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Police Surveillance ◽  
Us Mexico Border

I utilize my situated position as anthropologist, academician, and citizen to argue not only that we should “think” California, but also that we should “rethink” our state—both its condition and its social cartography. To be clear, I see all my research and endeavors—my research on the US/Mexico border; my time among the markets and entrepreneurs I have worked and lived with; my focus on those places in which I was raised: Lemon Grove, Logan Heights; the family network and my community ethnographic work—as personal. I am in this academic game and the telling of our story because it is personal. When Lemon Grove was segregated, it was about my family; when Logan Heights was split by the construction of Interstate 5 and threatened by police surveillance, it was about our community; when the border was sanctioned and militarized it again was about the communities of which I am a part. A rethinking California is rooted in the experience of living California, of knowing and feeling the condition and the struggles we are experiencing and the crises we have gone through. We need to rethink California, especially the current failure of the state. This too is ultimately personal, because it affects each and every one of us, especially those historically unrepresented folks who have endured over the decades.

REGULATION OF MARRIAGE RELATIONS IN THE TURKESTAN REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Khurshida Tillahodjaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Family And Marriage ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Definition Of

In this article we will talk about the scale of family and marriage relations in the early XX century in the Turkestan region, their regulation, legislation. Clearly reveals the role of women and men in the family, the definition of which is based on the material conditions of society, equality of rights and freedoms and its features.

CITRA PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL BURUNG TIUNG SERI GADING KARYA HASAN JUNUS

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Chrisna Putri Kurniati
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Feminist Literature ◽  
The Family ◽  
Status Of Women

This study entitles ―Citra Perempuan in Novel Burung Tiung Seri Gading Written by Hasan Junus‖. Problem in this research about the image of women and the gender inequities in the novel.This study aims to describe, express women‘s image and the discrimination of gender in novel Burung Tiung Seri Gading. The use of this study is to inform people in general and readers in particular about the roles and status of women in society reflected in novel Burung Tiung Seri Gading. The theory used is feminist literature criticism. This is a qualitative research. using the book study method. Primary data that is Burung Tiung Seri Gading novel Hasan Junus work published by Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Provinsi Riau, Pekanbaru 2009185 pages thick.The steps of the research are (1) identify the female characters in literature, (2) seek the position of these figures in everyday life in society, good relations within the family or in society at large, (3) gender inequality would be viewed through a gender analysis ofits image of women in daily life. The conclusions of this study are that the roles and status of women in society get women not be able to avoid their housework and the discrimination of gender. AbstrakPenelitian ini berjudul ―Citra Perempuan dalam Novel Burung Tiung Seri Gading Karya Hasan Junus‖. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini tentang citra perempuan dan terjadinya ketidakadilan gender dalam novel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan citra perempuan dan mendeskripsikan ketidakadilan gender dalam novel Burung Tiung Seri Gading. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah memberikan pengetahuan kepada pembaca khususnya dan masyarakat pada umumnya tentang peran dan kedudukan perempuan dalam masyarakat yang tercermin dalam novel Burung Tiung Seri Gading serta memberikan pengetahuan kepada pembaca tentang terjadinya ketidakadilan gender dalam masyarakat yang tercermin dalam novel Burung Tiung Seri Gading. Teori yang digunakan adalah kritik sastra feminis. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi pustaka. Data primernya bersumberkan pada novel Burung Tiung Seri Gading karya Hasan Junus yang diterbitkan oleh Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Provinsi Riau, Pekanbaru, 2009 setebal 185 halaman. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah adanya peran dan kedudukan perempuan di masyarakat membuat perempuan belum bisa lepas dari pekerjaan domestik serta perempuan adalah korban dari ketidakadilan gender.

scholarly journals Has the Economic Lockdown Following the Covid-19 Pandemic Changed the Gender Division of Labor in Israel?

2021 ◽  
pp. 089124322110012
Author(s):  
Meir Yaish ◽  
Hadas Mandel ◽  
Tali Kristal
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Unpaid Work ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Flexible Work ◽  
Work Arrangements ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
The Family ◽  
Allocation Of Time ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Families With Children

The economic shutdown and national lockdown following the outbreak of COVID-19 have increased demand for unpaid work at home, particularly among families with children, and reduced demand for paid work. Concurrently, the share of the workforce that has relocated its workplace to home has also increased. In this article, we examine the consequences of these processes for the allocation of time among paid work, housework, and care work for men and women in Israel. Using data on 2,027 Israeli adults whom we followed since the first week of March (before the spread of COVID-19), we focus on the effect of the second lockdown in Israel (in September) on the gender division of both paid and unpaid work. We find that as demand for housework caused by the lockdown increases, women—especially with children—increase their housework much more than men do, particularly when they work from home. The consequences of work from home and other flexible work arrangements for gender inequality within the family are discussed.

scholarly journals Hexokinase 2 in Cancer: A Prima Donna Playing Multiple Characters

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4716
Author(s):  
Francesco Ciscato ◽  
Lavinia Ferrone ◽  
Ionica Masgras ◽  
Claudio Laquatra ◽  
Andrea Rasola
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Neoplastic Progression ◽  
Malignant Growth ◽  
Hexokinase 2 ◽  
Genetic Ablation ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Survival Pathways ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of

Hexokinases are a family of ubiquitous exose-phosphorylating enzymes that prime glucose for intracellular utilization. Hexokinase 2 (HK2) is the most active isozyme of the family, mainly expressed in insulin-sensitive tissues. HK2 induction in most neoplastic cells contributes to their metabolic rewiring towards aerobic glycolysis, and its genetic ablation inhibits malignant growth in mouse models. HK2 can dock to mitochondria, where it performs additional functions in autophagy regulation and cell death inhibition that are independent of its enzymatic activity. The recent definition of HK2 localization to contact points between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum called Mitochondria Associated Membranes (MAMs) has unveiled a novel HK2 role in regulating intracellular Ca2+ fluxes. Here, we propose that HK2 localization in MAMs of tumor cells is key in sustaining neoplastic progression, as it acts as an intersection node between metabolic and survival pathways. Disrupting these functions by targeting HK2 subcellular localization can constitute a promising anti-tumor strategy.

Innovative promotional strategies and diversification of flavoured mass merchandise cigar products: a case study of Swedish match

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ollie Ganz ◽  
Mary Hrywna ◽  
Kevin R J Schroth ◽  
Cristine D Delnevo
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Authority ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
The Family ◽  
Promotional Efforts ◽  
Promotional Strategies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The U.S

In 2009, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA) granted the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory authority over tobacco products, although initially this only included cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and roll-your-own tobacco. In 2016, the deeming rule extended regulatory authority to include all tobacco products, including cigars. The deeming rule prohibited the introduction of new tobacco products into the marketplace without proper marketing authorisation and laid out pathways for tobacco companies to follow. The deeming rule should have frozen the cigar marketplace in 2016. In this paper, we describe how the cigarillo marketplace, nevertheless, continues to diversify with new brands, flavors, styles and packaging sizes entering the market regularly. As an example, we highlight recent promotional efforts by Swedish Match North America (Swedish Match) for their popular cigarillo brands, including White Owl, Night Owl and Garcia y Vega’s Game brand. We argue that ambiguities in the TCA make it unclear whether Swedish Match’s seemingly new cigarillos fit the definition of new tobacco products and, if so, whether they are on the market legally. Swedish Match and other cigarillo companies may be taking advantage of these ambiguities to promote a variety of cigarillo flavors and styles in innovative ways. Given that cigars are combustible tobacco products that pose many of the same risks as cigarettes, this business practice raises significant concerns regarding the protection of public health, particularly among young people.

The limits of the family Evaniidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) and a new genus from Lebanese Amberamber

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan H. Basibuyuk ◽  
Mike G. Fitton ◽  
Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn ◽  
Donald L.J. Quicke
Keyword(s):  
Fore Wing ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe definition of the family Evaniidae is revised and Cretevaniidae are synonymised with Evaniidae based on evidence derived from recently described Mesozoic taxa and a new genus and species, Lebanevania azari, described here from Lebanese amber. A fore leg with a long trochanter and a 12-segmented antenna are autapomorphies of the new genus. A large, high and wide head and a high and short mesosoma are derived characters shared with other Evaniidae. The new genus also has complete fore wing venation and lacks a tubular petiole, which are ground plan features of the Evanioidea. A cladistic analysis of fossil and extant members of the superfamily Evanioidea and notes on fossil taxa are presented.

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