Measuring positive health: Concurrent and factorial validity based on a representative Dutch sample

Refining Insights on the Impact of SES on Perceived Health: A Positive Health Perspective

10.21203/rs.3.rs-139637/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

John Dierx ◽

Hans Kasper

Keyword(s):

Positive Relationship ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Daily Functioning ◽

Health Issues ◽

Positive Health ◽

Health Concept ◽

Societal Participation ◽

Six Dimensions ◽

Dutch Sample ◽

The Impact

Abstract BackgroundRecent insights and developments on health and society urge for a critical look at the positive relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health. We challenge the notions that it is sufficient to distinguish only between two groups of SES (low and high) and that only overall health is taken into account. MethodsA new grouping of SES was developed based on both income and education, resulting in six SES groups. Health was defined in terms of a new positive health concept, operationalised into six health dimensions generating a measure of total general health (TGH). Next, six socioeconomic and demographic determinants of health were included. Linear regression, T-tests and one-way ANOVA were applied to investigate the relationships in a Dutch sample. A subjective way to measure health was applied: self-rated health. ResultsFour out of six dimensions of health determined TGH: bodily functions, daily functioning, quality of life, and social and societal participation. Three out of six socioeconomic and demographic determinants impacted TGH: housing situation, age, and difficulties meeting financial obligations. While this is the general picture for the entire sample, there were interesting similarities and differences between the six SES groups. The similarities refer to the positive impact of the evaluation of bodily functions and daily functioning on TGH in all SES groups. The other dimensions affected TGH in some groups and some dimensions only in one SES group. None of the socioeconomic and demographic determinants affected TGH in all SES groups. New insights on health inequalities are provided. ConclusionsThe well-known positive relationship between SES and health is confirmed in this study. Further refining the health concept into six dimensions provides more detailed insights on which dimensions impact health the most. The subjective approach applied offers more refined information to better understand which health issues really matter to people. This yields new and more effective ways to develop interventions aimed at increasing healthy behaviour.

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The Reliability and Validity of a Modified Revised Class Play Examined in Dutch Elementary-School Children

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000301 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 475-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Elisabeth Aleva ◽

Frits A. Goossens ◽

Peter H. Dekker ◽

Odilia M. Laceulle

Keyword(s):

Elementary School Children ◽

Social Withdrawal ◽

Peer Group ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Behavioral Difficulties ◽

Self Perceptions ◽

Different Types ◽

Dutch Sample ◽

Anxious Behavior ◽

Class Play

Abstract. Social withdrawal in children is a risk factor for maladjustment. The Revised Class Play (RCP; Masten, Morison, & Pelligrini, 1985 ) has often been used to identify children’s behavioral difficulties with peers. However, in previous studies the sensitive-isolated scale of the RCP appeared to measure a mixture of different types of withdrawal, including withdrawal from peers and exclusion by peers. In the present study the original RCP was modified to more clearly distinguish withdrawal from the peer group from behavior associated with exclusion by peers. Two studies in Dutch samples of 8–13-year-old children were conducted to examine the reliability and validity of this modified Revised Class Play. Both studies revealed three scales: Sociability-Leadership, Aggressive-Disruptive, and a third factor labeled Anxious-Withdrawn. Anxious-Withdrawn primarily reflected social reticence. Stability of the scales after two years was high. High scores on the Anxious-Withdrawn scale were best predicted by teacher ratings of timid and anxious behavior and by negative self-perceptions of social competence. The results support the reliability and validity of the modified RCP in a Dutch sample.

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Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Long and Short Forms of the Worry Domains Questionnaire

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.25.4.239 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 239-243

Author(s):

Roberto Nuevo ◽

Andrés Losada ◽

María Márquez-González ◽

Cecilia Peñacoba

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Factorial Validity ◽

Fit Indices ◽

Short Forms ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

Future Work

The Worry Domains Questionnaire was proposed as a measure of both pathological and nonpathological worry, and assesses the frequency of worrying about five different domains: relationships, lack of confidence, aimless future, work, and financial. The present study analyzed the factor structure of the long and short forms of the WDQ (WDQ and WDQ-SF, respectively) through confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 262 students (M age = 21.8; SD = 2.6; 86.3% females). While the goodness-of-fit indices did not provide support for the WDQ, good fit indices were found for the WDQ-SF. Furthermore, no source of misspecification was identified, thus, supporting the factorial validity of the WDQ-SF scale. Significant positive correlations between the WDQ-SF and its subscales with worry (PSWQ), anxiety (STAI-T), and depression (BDI) were found. The internal consistency was good for the total scale and for the subscales. This work provides support for the use of the WDQ-SF, and potential uses for research and clinical purposes are discussed.

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An Alternative to Self-Reports of Trait and State Affect

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000190 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 231-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Markus Quirin ◽

Regina C. Bode

Keyword(s):

Self Report ◽

Factorial Validity ◽

Artificial Language ◽

Cognitive Representation ◽

Affective States ◽

Novel Variants ◽

Self Reports ◽

State Affect ◽

Affective Experiences ◽

Automatic Activation

Self-report measures for the assessment of trait or state affect are typically biased by social desirability or self-delusion. The present work provides an overview of research using a recently developed measure of automatic activation of cognitive representation of affective experiences, the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT). In the IPANAT, participants judge the extent to which nonsense words from an alleged artificial language express a number of affective states or traits. The test demonstrates appropriate factorial validity and reliabilities. We review findings that support criterion validity and, additionally, present novel variants of this procedure for the assessment of the discrete emotions such as happiness, anger, sadness, and fear.

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Is That Measure Really One-Dimensional?

Methodology ◽

10.1027/1614-2241/a000158 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 188-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Esther T. Beierl ◽

Markus Bühner ◽

Moritz Heene

Keyword(s):

Model Fit ◽

Nuisance Parameters ◽

Factorial Validity ◽

Fit Indices ◽

Analysis Model ◽

Factor Analysis Model ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis Model ◽

Cutoff Values ◽

Confirmatory Factor

Abstract. Factorial validity is often assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. Model fit is commonly evaluated using the cutoff values for the fit indices proposed by Hu and Bentler (1999) . There is a body of research showing that those cutoff values cannot be generalized. Model fit does not only depend on the severity of misspecification, but also on nuisance parameters, which are independent of the misspecification. Using a simulation study, we demonstrate their influence on measures of model fit. We specified a severe misspecification, omitting a second factor, which signifies factorial invalidity. Measures of model fit showed only small misfit because nuisance parameters, magnitude of factor loadings and a balanced/imbalanced number of indicators per factor, also influenced the degree of misfit. Drawing from our results, we discuss challenges in the assessment of factorial validity.

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