Using scoria cones, lava lakes and tephra islands to understand the evolution of basaltic fissure eruptions

Geology Today ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
P. Reynolds ◽  
R.J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Lava Lakes ◽  
Scoria Cones

TEMPERATURES AND BEHAVIORS OF LAVA LAKES FROM FIELD OBSERVATIONS AND COMPARISONS WITH IO

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jani Radebaugh ◽  
◽  
Rosaly Lopes ◽  
Robert Howell ◽  
Ralph Lorenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Observations ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Lava Lakes

The crystallization of lava lakes

1993 ◽  
Vol 98 (B9) ◽  
pp. 15891 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Grae Worster ◽  
Herbert E. Huppert ◽  
R. Stephen J. Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Lava Lakes

scholarly journals Scoria cones on Mars: Detailed investigation of morphometry based on high-resolution digital elevation models

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (9) ◽  
pp. 1512-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Brož ◽  
Ondřej Čadek ◽  
Ernst Hauber ◽  
Angelo Pio Rossi
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Digital Elevation Models ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Scoria Cones

A 3-D genetic approach to high-resolution geological modelling of the volcanic infill of a paleovalley system. Application to the Volvic catchment (Chaîne des Puys, France)

2012 ◽  
Vol 183 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Rouquet ◽  
Pierre Boivin ◽  
Patrick Lachassagne ◽  
Emmanuel Ledoux
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Genetic Approach ◽  
Hydrogeological Model ◽  
Volcanic System ◽  
Geochemical Composition ◽  
Crystalline Bedrock ◽  
Volcanic Events ◽  
Aa Lava ◽  
Scoria Cones

Abstract The Volvic natural mineral water is catched in a complex volcanic aquifer located in the northern part of the “Chaîne des Puys” volcanic system (Auvergne, France). In the watershed, water transits through scoria cones and basaltic to trachybasaltic lava flows. These aa lava flows, emitted by strombolian cones between 75,000 and 10,000 years ago, are emplaced in deep paleovalleys incised within the variscan crystalline bedrock. The volcanic infill is highly heterogeneous. In order to build a hydrogeological model of the watershed, a simple but robust methodology was developed to reconstruct the bedrock morphology and the volcanic infill in this paleovalley context. This methodology, based on the combination of genetic and geometric approaches, appears to be rather efficient to define both the substratum and the lava flows geometry. A 3D geological model is then proposed. It synthesizes the data from 99 boreholes logs, 2D geoelectric profiles, morphologic clues, datings and petrographic data. A genetic approach, integrating aa lava flow morphology and emplacement behaviour, was used to reconstruct the chronology of the volcanic events and lava flow emplacement from the upper part of the Dômes plateau to the Limagne plain. The precision of the volcanic reconstruction is discussed: the main limitation of the methodology are related to the homogeneity of the petrographic and geochemical composition of the lava flows succession (except for the trachyandesitic Nugere lava), the spatially variable borehole density, the lack of a real petrographical and geological description on most of the available geological logs. Nevertheless, the developed methodology combining spatial and genetic approaches appears to be well adapted to constrain complex lava flow infill geometries in paleovalley context.

Radiocarbon ages of Holocene Pelado, Guespalapa, and Chichinautzin scoria cones, south of Mexico City: implications for archaeology and future hazards

2004 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Siebe ◽  
Virgilio Rodr�guez-Lara ◽  
Peter Schaaf ◽  
Michael Abrams
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Scoria Cones

The control of preexisting faults on the distribution, morphology, and volume of monogenetic volcanism in the Michoacán-Guanajuato Volcanic Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 2455-2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Gabriela Gómez-Vasconcelos ◽  
José Luis Macías ◽  
Denis Ramón Avellán ◽  
Giovanni Sosa-Ceballos ◽  
Víctor Hugo Garduño-Monroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Volcanic Stratigraphy ◽  
Listric Fault ◽  
Tectonic Processes ◽  
State Of Stress ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Scoria Cones

Abstract Interactions between volcanic and tectonic processes affect the distribution, morphology, and volume of eruptive products in space and time. The Queréndaro area in the eastern Michoacán-Guanajuato Volcanic Field affords an exceptional opportunity to understand these relationships. Here, a Pleistocene lava plateau and 20 monogenetic volcanoes are vented from an active ENE-striking segment of the Morelia-Acambay fault system. Thirteen scoria cones are aligned along this structure, vented from an extensional gap in between two rotated hanging wall blocks of a listric fault. A new geological map, volcanic stratigraphy, and 40Ar/39Ar dating indicate that this lava plateau and volcanic cluster were emplaced from 0.81 to 0.25 Ma by 11 intermittent eruptive epochs separated by ca. 0.05 Ma, emplacing a total magma volume of 5 km3. Petrography and chemistry of rocks suggest that all volcanic structures were fed by three different magma batches but vented from independent feeder dikes. Our results indicate that preexisting faults exert a strong influence on volcanic spatial and temporal distribution, volcanic morphology, magma volume, and eruptive dynamics in this area. ENE-breached and ENE-elongated scoria cones indicate parallel subsurface fissure and feeder dikes. Additionally, points of maximum fault dilation at depth related to a transtensive state of stress coincide with less fragmented deposits and larger magma volumes. Furthermore, this study raises important questions on the geodynamics of volcano-tectonic interactions possible in similar monogenetic volcanic alignments worldwide.

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