scholarly journals DEAH box RNA helicase DHX38 associates with satellite I noncoding RNA involved in chromosome segregation

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanako Nishimura ◽  
Yukiko Cho ◽  
Kazuaki Tokunaga ◽  
Mitsuyoshi Nakao ◽  
Tokio Tani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Rna Helicase

Involvement of satellite I noncoding RNA in regulation of chromosome segregation

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Ideue ◽  
Yukiko Cho ◽  
Kanako Nishimura ◽  
Tokio Tani
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Noncoding Rna

scholarly journals Repetitive centromeric satellite RNA is essential for kinetochore formation and cell division

2014 ◽  
Vol 207 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Rošić ◽  
Florian Köhler ◽  
Sylvia Erhardt
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Genome Stability ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Epigenetic Mark ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Satellite Rna ◽  
Centromeric Dna ◽  
In Trans

Chromosome segregation requires centromeres on every sister chromatid to correctly form and attach the microtubule spindle during cell division. Even though centromeres are essential for genome stability, the underlying centromeric DNA is highly variable in sequence and evolves quickly. Epigenetic mechanisms are therefore thought to regulate centromeres. Here, we show that the 359-bp repeat satellite III (SAT III), which spans megabases on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster, produces a long noncoding RNA that localizes to centromeric regions of all major chromosomes. Depletion of SAT III RNA causes mitotic defects, not only of the sex chromosome but also in trans of all autosomes. We furthermore find that SAT III RNA binds to the kinetochore component CENP-C, and is required for correct localization of the centromere-defining proteins CENP-A and CENP-C, as well as outer kinetochore proteins. In conclusion, our data reveal that SAT III RNA is an integral part of centromere identity, adding RNA to the complex epigenetic mark at centromeres in flies.

scholarly journals A conserved abundant cytoplasmic long noncoding RNA modulates repression by Pumilio proteins in human cells

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailone Tichon ◽  
Noa Gil ◽  
Yoav Lubelsky ◽  
Tal Havkin Solomon ◽  
Doron Lemze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Human Genome ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Long Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Pumilio Proteins

AbstractThousands of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes are encoded in the human genome, and hundreds of them are evolutionary conserved, but their functions and modes of action remain largely obscure. Particularly enigmatic lncRNAs are those that are exported to the cytoplasm, including NORAD – an abundant and highly conserved cytoplasmic lncRNA. Most of the sequence of NORAD is comprised of repetitive units that together contain at least 17 functional binding sites for the two Pumilio homologs in mammals. Through binding to PUM1 and PUM2, NORAD modulates the mRNA levels of their targets, which are enriched for genes involved in chromosome segregation during cell division. Our results suggest that some cytoplasmic lncRNAs function by modulating the activities of RNA binding proteins, an activity which positions them at key junctions of cellular signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Study of an RNA helicase implicates small RNA-noncoding RNA interactions in programmed DNA elimination in Tetrahymena

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 2228-2241 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Aronica ◽  
J. Bednenko ◽  
T. Noto ◽  
L. V. DeSouza ◽  
K.W. M. Siu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Rna Helicase ◽  
Dna Elimination

scholarly journals Noncoding Centromeric RNA Expression Impairs Chromosome Stability in Human and Murine Stem Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Y. L. Chan ◽  
Daniela Moralli ◽  
Suhail Khoja ◽  
Zoia L. Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Mitotic Progression ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Minor Satellite ◽  
Normal Human

We analyzed the effect of transcribed noncoding RNA centromeric satellites on chromosome segregation in normal human and murine stem and fibrosarcoma cells. The overexpression of different centromeric alphoid DNAs in all cell lines induced a marked increase in chromosome mis-segregation in anaphase. Overexpression of centromeric mouse minor satellite also increased chromosome instability in the murine stem but not in human cells. Analysis of chromosome segregation in vivo showed disturbances in the mitotic progression, which was frequently unresolved. Live cell imaging revealed that overexpression of centromeric satellites resulted in several different chromosomal morphological errors in the cell nuclei. Our findings correlated with other reports that several centromeric noncoding RNAs are detected in different carcinoma cells and their expression resulted in segregation errors. Our study furnishes further insights into a novel source of genomic instability in human and murine cells. It has recently been shown that noncoding centromeric RNAs are present in some form of cancer, and thus, overexpression of several types of centromeric noncoding RNAs may be useful as a specific maker for neoplastic cells.

Meiotic CENP-C is a shepherd: bridging the space between the centromere and the kinetochore in time and space

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-261
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Fellmeth ◽  
Kim S. McKim
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Prophase ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Kinetochore Assembly ◽  
M Phase ◽  
In Vivo Analysis ◽  
Meiosis I

Abstract While many of the proteins involved in the mitotic centromere and kinetochore are conserved in meiosis, they often gain a novel function due to the unique needs of homolog segregation during meiosis I (MI). CENP-C is a critical component of the centromere for kinetochore assembly in mitosis. Recent work, however, has highlighted the unique features of meiotic CENP-C. Centromere establishment and stability require CENP-C loading at the centromere for CENP-A function. Pre-meiotic loading of proteins necessary for homolog recombination as well as cohesion also rely on CENP-C, as do the main scaffolding components of the kinetochore. Much of this work relies on new technologies that enable in vivo analysis of meiosis like never before. Here, we strive to highlight the unique role of this highly conserved centromere protein that loads on to centromeres prior to M-phase onset, but continues to perform critical functions through chromosome segregation. CENP-C is not merely a structural link between the centromere and the kinetochore, but also a functional one joining the processes of early prophase homolog synapsis to late metaphase kinetochore assembly and signaling.

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