scholarly journals Transient expression of RAD51 in the late G2-phase is required for cell cycle progression in synchronousPhysarumcells

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 755-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Le Cigne ◽  
Vanessa Menil-Philippot ◽  
Fabrice Fleury ◽  
Masayuki Takahashi ◽  
Christophe Thiriet
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Transient Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
G2 Phase

scholarly journals Cubic Membranes Formation in Synchronized Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Reveals a Possible Role as a Structural Antioxidant Defense System in Cell Cycle Progression

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deqin Kong ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Jiangzheng Liu ◽  
Qingbiao Zhou ◽  
Jiaxin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells ◽  
G2 Phase ◽  
Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Cubic membranes (CMs) represent unique biological membrane structures with highly curved three-dimensional periodic minimal surfaces, which have been observed in a wide range of cell types and organelles under various stress conditions (e. g., starvation, virus-infection, and oxidation). However, there are few reports on the biological roles of CMs, especially their roles in cell cycle. Hence, we established a stable cell population of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) of 100% S phase by thymidine treatment, and determined certain parameters in G2 phase released from S phase. Then we found a close relationship between CMs formation and cell cycle, and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial function. After the synchronization of HepG2 cells were induced, CMs were observed through transmission electron microscope in G2 phase but not in G1, S and M phase. Moreover, the increased ATP production, mitochondrial and intracellular ROS levels were also present in G2 phase, which demonstrated a positive correlation with CMs formation by Pearson correlation analysis. This study suggests that CMs may act as an antioxidant structure in response to mitochondria-derived ROS during G2 phase and thus participate in cell cycle progression.

scholarly journals DNA Damage during G2 Phase Does Not Affect Cell Cycle Progression of the Green Alga Scenedesmus quadricauda

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. e19626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Hlavová ◽  
Mária Čížková ◽  
Milada Vítová ◽  
Kateřina Bišová ◽  
Vilém Zachleder
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Scenedesmus Quadricauda ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Affect Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
G2 Phase ◽  
Alga Scenedesmus Quadricauda

scholarly journals HIV-1 Vif promotes the G1- to S-phase cell-cycle transition

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 1260-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangfang Wang ◽  
Emma L. Reuschel ◽  
Jason M. Shackelford ◽  
Lauren Jeang ◽  
Debra K. Shivers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Phase Cell ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Viral Infectivity Factor ◽  
G2 Phase ◽  
Regulate Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Hiv 1

AbstractHIV-1 depends on host-cell resources for replication, access to which may be limited to a particular phase of the cell cycle. The HIV-encoded proteins Vpr (viral protein R) and Vif (viral infectivity factor) arrest cells in the G2 phase; however, alteration of other cell-cycle phases has not been reported. We show that Vif drives cells out of G1 and into the S phase. The effect of Vif on the G1-to-S transition is distinct from its effect on G2, because G2 arrest is Cullin5-dependent, whereas the G1-to-S progression is Cullin5-independent. Using mass spectrometry, we identified 2 novel cellular partners of Vif, Brd4 and Cdk9, both of which are known to regulate cell-cycle progression. We confirmed the interaction of Vif and Cdk9 by immunoprecipitation and Western blot, and showed that small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) specific for Cdk9 inhibit the Vif-mediated G1-to-S transition. These data suggest that Vif regulates early cell-cycle progression, with implications for infection and latency.

The ERK-RSK1 activation by growth factors at G2 phase delays cell cycle progression and reduces mitotic aberrations

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1349-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Ja Nam ◽  
Sujeong Kim ◽  
Min-Woo Lee ◽  
Bok-Soon Lee ◽  
Toshihiro Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
G2 Phase

scholarly journals Dual control exerted by dopamine in blood-progenitor cell cycle regulation in Drosophila

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Mukherjee ◽  
Ankita Kapoor ◽  
A Padmavathi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Lymph Gland ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Myeloid Progenitor ◽  
G2 Phase ◽  
And Function ◽  
Cycle Regulation

In Drosophila, definitive hematopoiesis occurs in a specialized organ termed "lymph gland", where multi-potent stem-like blood progenitor cells reside and their homeostasis is central to growth of this organ. Recent findings have implicated a reliance on neurotransmitters in progenitor development and function however, our understanding of these molecules is still limited. Here, we extend our analysis and show that blood-progenitors are self-sufficient in synthesizing dopamine, a well-established neurotransmitter and have modules for its sensing through receptor and uptake via, transporter. Modulating their expression in progenitor cells affects lymph gland growth. Progenitor cell cycle analysis revealed an unexpected requirement for intracellular dopamine in progression of early progenitors from S to G2 phase of the cell cycle, while activation of dopamine-receptor later in development regulated the progression from G2 to entry into mitosis. The dual capacity in which dopamine operates, both intra-cellularly and extra-cellularly, controls lymph gland growth. These data highlight a novel and non-canonical use of dopamine as a proliferative cue by the myeloid-progenitor system and reveals a functional requirement for intracellular dopamine in cell-cycle progression.

scholarly journals Dynamics of sister chromatid resolution during cell cycle progression

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rugile Stanyte ◽  
Johannes Nuebler ◽  
Claudia Blaukopf ◽  
Rudolf Hoefler ◽  
Roman Stocsits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Sister Chromatids ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
G2 Phase ◽  
Almost All

Faithful genome transmission in dividing cells requires that the two copies of each chromosome’s DNA package into separate, but physically linked, sister chromatids. The linkage between sister chromatids is mediated by cohesin, yet where sister chromatids are linked and how they resolve during cell cycle progression has remained unclear. Here, we investigated sister chromatid organization in live human cells using dCas9-mEGFP labelling of endogenous genomic loci. We detected substantial sister locus separation during G2 phase, irrespective of the proximity to cohesin enrichment sites. Almost all sister loci separated within a few hours after their respective replication, and then rapidly equilibrated their average distances within dynamic chromatin polymers. Our findings explain why the topology of sister chromatid resolution in G2 largely reflects the DNA replication program. Further, these data suggest that cohesin enrichment sites are not persistent cohesive sites in human cells. Rather, cohesion might occur at variable genomic positions within the cell population.

scholarly journals Melatonin improves the first cleavage of parthenogenetic embryos from vitrified–warmed mouse oocytes potentially by promoting cell cycle progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Pan ◽  
Izhar Hyder Qazi ◽  
Shichao Guo ◽  
Jingyu Yang ◽  
Jianpeng Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Blastocyst Formation ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Maternal Mrna ◽  
Early Apoptosis ◽  
G2 Phase

Abstract Background This study investigated the effect of melatonin (MT) on cell cycle (G1/S/G2/M) of parthenogenetic zygotes developed from vitrified-warmed mouse metaphase II (MII) oocytes and elucidated the potential mechanism of MT action in the first cleavage of embryos. Results After vitrification and warming, oocytes were parthenogenetically activated (PA) and in vitro cultured (IVC). Then the spindle morphology and chromosome segregation in oocytes, the maternal mRNA levels of genes including Miss, Doc1r, Setd2 and Ythdf2 in activated oocytes, pronuclear formation, the S phase duration in zygotes, mitochondrial function at G1 phase, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level at S phase, DNA damage at G2 phase, early apoptosis in 2-cell embryos, cleavage and blastocyst formation rates were evaluated. The results indicated that the vitrification/warming procedures led to following perturbations 1) spindle abnormalities and chromosome misalignment, alteration of maternal mRNAs and delay in pronucleus formation, 2) decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and lower adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, increased ROS production and DNA damage, G1/S and S/G2 phase transition delay, and delayed first cleavage, and 3) increased early apoptosis and lower levels of cleavage and blastocyst formation. Our results further revealed that such negative impacts of oocyte cryopreservation could be alleviated by supplementation of warming, recovery, PA and IVC media with 10− 9 mol/L MT before the embryos moved into the 2-cell stage of development. Conclusions MT might promote cell cycle progression via regulation of MMP, ATP, ROS and maternal mRNA levels, potentially increasing the first cleavage of parthenogenetic zygotes developed from vitrified–warmed mouse oocytes and their subsequent development.

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