Response characteristics of grassland ecosystem biomass to grazing intensity in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunying Wang ◽  
Weiwei Pei ◽  
Guangmin Cao ◽  
Xiaowei Guo ◽  
Yangong Du
Keyword(s):  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
Response Characteristics

The Influence of Grazing Intensity on Exchanging Fluxes of Nitrous Oxide, Methane and Carbon Dioxide from Grassland

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 1878-1880
Author(s):  
Hong Xia Wang ◽  
Li Xin Wang ◽  
Qing Shan Zhao ◽  
Jun Jie Duan ◽  
Bao Ling Mei
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
Grazing Impacts

Grassland ecosystem is the main part of terrestrial ecosystem. The variations of greenhouse gas (N2O, CH4and CO2) exchanging fluxes from grassland can influence global greenhouse gases payments balance. And the main land use pattern of grassland is grazing. The grazing impacts on the exchanging fluxes of N2O, CH4and CO2from soil of grassland by influencing soil physical properties (such as soil moisture, temperature and porosity) of grassland. This paper analyzed the results of previous studies by the way of comparison, and we summarised that the grazing reduced CH4uptake and N2O emissions of grassland, but which does not change the sources and sinks pattern of atmospheric greenhouse gases. However, the grazing significantly increased the emissions of CO2from grassland.

Impacts of grazing intensity on denitrification and N2O production in a semi-arid grassland ecosystem

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqing Xu ◽  
Shiqiang Wan ◽  
Weixin Cheng ◽  
Linghao Li
Keyword(s):  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
N2o Production ◽  
Semi Arid

The Impact of Different Grazing Intensity on Topsoil Physical and Chemical Properties in Xilamuren Grassland

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 2090-2096
Author(s):  
Yi Fang ◽  
Xiao Jia Li ◽  
Cong Cong Chen ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Rui Ping Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Grassland is an important ecosystem in land surface. Soil is the basis of grassland ecosystem, and the changes of its properties directly affect grassland ecosystem. The study region is located in Xilamuren grassland using the methods of field sampling and experimental analysis. It was divided into four test areas according to grazing intensity. Soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed in each test area. The results showed that: the trend of soil water content decreased and then increased with increasing grazing intensity, soil water content in repaired grassland was the lowest. For the soil mechanical composition, particle size content increased first and then decreased with increasing grazing intensity when the particle size was 1-0.05mm. The difference between the highest and lowest values was obvious. When the particle size was 0.05-0.002mm, the trend of particle size fluctuated, first decreased and then increased, finally reduce again and the difference between the highest and lowest values was obvious. When the particle size was less than 0.002mm, the trend of particle size content increased with increasing grazing intensity. In soil chemical properties, soil organic matter appears downward trend overall as grazing intensity increase. Soil organic matter content was the lowest in repaired grass. Available N and P first decreased and then increased with increasing grazing intensity, the minimum values appeared in the repaired grassland and degraded grassland respectively. Available K content increased with increasing grazing intensity.

Monitoring and analysing grassland ecosystem service values in response to grassland area changes – an example from northwest China

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Asiya Manlike ◽  
Rukeya Sawut ◽  
Fengling Zheng ◽  
Xuesen Li ◽  
Rena Abudukelimu
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Grassland Degradation ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
Desert Grassland ◽  
Mountain Grassland ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Annual Reduction

Using remote sensing technology, this study evaluates changes in mountain grassland ecosystem service values (ESVs) and the factors driving them. Degraded grasslands in Urumqi city, northwest China, reached 1.22×105 ha in 2000. However, the grassland degradation rate decreased by 387ha annually from 2000 to 2015. Total grassland ESVs decreased unpredictably with an annual reduction of USD$1.64×107. Ecological losses were mainly caused by degradation of mountain desert grassland, mountain desert steppe-type rangeland, and mountain meadow and mountain steppe-type rangeland. Among individual ESVs, grasslands contributed more to regulating and supporting services, while grassland provisioning and cultural services were relatively low, comprising 0. 7 and 0.5% of the total ESV respectively. The mean Moran’s I value was 0.869 for grassland ESVs (from 1994 to 2015), and exhibited high spatial autocorrelation. A driving factor analysis indicated that grassland degradation is continuing as a consequence of meteorological factors and overgrazing. Controlling grazing intensity has a positive impact on growth of grassland ESVs.

scholarly journals Heavy Grazing Reduces the Diversity of Soil Microbial Communities in Meadow Grassland Under Long-Term Grazing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Xiaoping Xin ◽  
Ruiqiang Li ◽  
Weibing Xun ◽  
Ruifu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Test Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Heavy Grazing ◽  
Grazing Area

Abstract Background: Soil microorganisms are an important part of the grassland ecosystem and promote material transformation and energy flow in the entire ecological environment. Moreover, Hulun Buir grassland is the material basis for the development of animal husbandry. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance to study the changes of soil microbial community caused by grazing in Hulunbuir grassland for the sustainable and stable development of grassland ecosystem. Methods: The present research used high-throughput sequencing of soil microorganism (bacteria and fungi) genes to compare microbial communities in 6 levels of grazing intensity (0.00, 0.23, 0.34, 0.46, 0.69, and 0.92 Au ha-1) under the Hulun Buir structure and the diversity characteristics of Leymus chinensis meadow steppe.Results: The 0-10 cm soil layer of the G0.34 test area had the highest content, and the content of the G0.92 test area was lower than the other grazing treatments. With increasing depth, the carbon and nitrogen contents of microorganisms decreased. The diversity of soil bacteria in the light grazing test area (0.23Au ha-1) was higher than the heavy grazing area, and the diversity of fungi in the non-grazing area was higher than the specific grazing areas. Most bacterial species were enriched in the G0.00 grazing areas, and the other grazing intensities were less abundant. The underground biomass (P = 0.039) significantly influenced the bacterial community structure, and pH (P =0.032), total nitrogen (P =0.011) and litter (P =0.007) significantly influenced the fungal community.Conclusions: In conclusion, the structures of bacterial and fungal communities are very sensitive to grazing and varied with grazing intensity. Our findings demonstrated that a grazing intensity of approximately 0.23 Au ha-1 was the most appropriate for the grassland of the meadow in Hulun Buir.

Smoothing Facilitates the Detection of Coupled Responses in Psychophysiological Time Series

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joni Kettunen ◽  
Niklas Ravaja ◽  
Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Type I Error ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Type I ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Smoothing Methods ◽  
Response Systems ◽  
Different Response

Abstract We examined the use of smoothing to enhance the detection of response coupling from the activity of different response systems. Three different types of moving average smoothers were applied to both simulated interbeat interval (IBI) and electrodermal activity (EDA) time series and to empirical IBI, EDA, and facial electromyography time series. The results indicated that progressive smoothing increased the efficiency of the detection of response coupling but did not increase the probability of Type I error. The power of the smoothing methods depended on the response characteristics. The benefits and use of the smoothing methods to extract information from psychophysiological time series are discussed.

Interpreting Open- and Closed-Loop Transfer Relations Between Cardiorespiratory Parameters: Lessons Learned from a Computer Model of Beat-to-Beat Cardiovascular Regulation

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 237-240
Author(s):  
P. Hammer ◽  
D. Litvack ◽  
J. P. Saul
Keyword(s):  
Computer Model ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
Cardiovascular Regulation ◽  
Cardiovascular Control ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Abstract:A computer model of cardiovascular control has been developed based on the response characteristics of cardiovascular control components derived from experiments in animals and humans. Results from the model were compared to those obtained experimentally in humans, and the similarities and differences were used to identify both the strengths and inadequacies of the concepts used to form the model. Findings were confirmatory of some concepts but contrary to some which are firmly held in the literature, indicating that understanding the complexity of cardiovascular control probably requires a combination of experiments and computer models which integrate multiple systems and allow for determination of sufficiency and necessity.

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