Seed germination and biochemical responses of two Elytrigia elongata accessions exposed to abiotic stresses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Tian ◽  
Peichun Mao ◽  
Mingli Zheng ◽  
Qingyi Meng ◽  
Lin Meng
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Biochemical Responses

scholarly journals Storage Period and Different Abiotic Factors Regulate Seed Germination of Two Apocynum Species — Cash Crops in Arid Saline Regions in the Northwestern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jiang ◽  
Chaowen She ◽  
Changyan Tian ◽  
Mohsin Tanveer ◽  
Lei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Light Condition ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Degraded Land

On degraded land in arid regions, cultivation of Apocynum species can provide significant environmental benefits by preventing soil erosion and desertification. Furthermore, Apocynum venetum and Apocynum pictum, which are mainly distributed in salt-barren lands in the northwestern region of China, are traditionally used to produce natural fiber and herbal tea. Direct sowing of both species may encounter various abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. However, these effects on germination remain largely unknown, especially for seeds with different storage periods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of storage period, light condition, temperature regime, drought, and salinity on germination performances of both species. Germination experiment was carried out in November 2017. There were four replicates for each treatment, and each petri dish contained 25 seeds. The results indicated that prolongation of storage period significantly decreased the germination percentage and velocity, especially under abiotic stresses. Light did not affect seed germination of A. venetum and A. pictum under any conditions. Seeds had better germination performance at 10/25 and 15/30°C than those of seeds incubated at any other temperatures. With the increase of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and salinity concentrations, seed germination for both species gradually decreased, especially for seeds stored for 2 years. Low PEG (0–20%) and salinity concentration (0–200 mM) did not significantly affect germination percentage of freshly matured seeds. However, long-time storage significantly decreased drought and salinity tolerance in A. venetum and A. pictum during germination stage. For saline soils in arid and semi-arid regions, freshly matured seeds or 1-year-stored seeds of both Apocynum species are recommended to be sown by using drip-irrigation in spring.

scholarly journals Physiological and Biochemical Response of Tropical Fruits to Hypoxia/Anoxia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noureddine Benkeblia
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Routine Metabolic Rate ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Aerobic respiration and oxygen consumption are indicators of routine metabolic rate, and dissolved oxygen in plant tissues is one of the most important environmental factors affecting their survival. The reduction of available O2 leads to hypoxia which causes a limitation of the oxidative phosphorylation; when O2 is absent, tissues generate ATP by activating the fermentative glycolysis to sustain glycolysis in the absence of mitochondrial respiration, which results in the production of lactate. Overall, hypoxia was reported to often decrease the respiration rate (O2 uptake) and delay the climacteric rise of ethylene in climacteric fruits by inhibiting action, thus delaying their ripening. Much research has been done on the application of postharvest hypoxia and anoxia treatment to temperate fresh crops (controlled or modified atmosphere), however, very few reported on tropical commodities. Indeed, the physiological mode of action of low or absence of oxygen in fresh crops is not well understood; and the physiological and biochemical bases of the effects low or absence of O2 are also yet to be clarified. Recent investigations using omics technologies, however, have provided useful information on the response of fresh fruits and vegetables to this abiotic stress. The aims of this review are to (i) report on the oxygen exchange in the crops tissue, (ii) discuss the metabolic responses to hypoxia and anoxia, and (iii) report the physiological and biochemical responses of crops tissues to these abiotic stresses and the potential benefits of these environmental conditions.

The effect of heat stress on quinoa (cv. Titicaca) under controlled climatic conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-261
Author(s):  
Jorge Alvar-Beltrán ◽  
Leonardo Verdi ◽  
Anna Dalla Marta ◽  
Abdalla Dao ◽  
Roberto Vivoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
African Region

AbstractQuinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is capable of adapting to multiple environments and tolerating abiotic stresses including saline, drought and frost stress conditions. However, the introduction of quinoa into new environments has disclosed adaptation challenges. The principle factor affecting crop pollination is heat stress at flowering, which leads to sterile plants. To investigate the effect of high temperatures during the sensitive phenological phases, flowering and seed germination, a Danish-bred cultivar (cv. Titicaca) was grown in climatic chambers. Selection of the cv. Titicaca was based on the fact that it is the most extensively used cultivar in the Sahel and Middle East and North African region. The results of this research demonstrated that temperatures exceeding 38 °C hindered seed germination and pollination, and therefore, seed yield at harvest. At 38 °C, seed yield losses were 30%, whilst seed germination percentage declined below 50%. In addition, the results of the present research were compared with field observations from Burkina Faso in order to determine the spatiotemporal suitability of this crop with respect to temperature stress. Although many other abiotic stresses need to be considered when defining crop calendars (e.g. heavy precipitation in July and August), this research proposes the following growing periods to avoid heat-stress conditions at flowering: Sahel (July–September and November–February), Soudano–Sahel (June–February) and Soudanian zone (all year round).

scholarly journals Overexpression of the NDR1/HIN1-Like Gene NHL6 Modifies Seed Germination in Response to Abscisic Acid and Abiotic Stresses in Arabidopsis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e0148572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Bao ◽  
Wei-Meng Song ◽  
Jing Pan ◽  
Chun-Mei Jiang ◽  
Renu Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Abiotic Stresses

scholarly journals Arabidopsis suppressor mutant of abh1 shows a new face of the already known players: ABH1 (CBP80) and ABI4—in response to ABA and abiotic stresses during seed germination

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 189-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Daszkowska-Golec ◽  
Weronika Wojnar ◽  
Marta Rosikiewicz ◽  
Iwona Szarejko ◽  
Miroslaw Maluszynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Abiotic Stresses
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