Skeletal muscle as a treatment target for older adults with diabetes mellitus: The importance of a multimodal intervention based on functional category

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Omura ◽  
Atsushi Araki
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Functional Category ◽  
Treatment Target ◽  
Multimodal Intervention

scholarly journals Association of serum prealbumin with risk of osteoporosis in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204062231985736
Author(s):  
Shuangling Xiu ◽  
Jagadish K Chhetri ◽  
Lina Sun ◽  
Zhijing Mu ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mineral Density

Background: Poor nutritional status is associated with osteoporosis. Prealbumin is a more sensitive marker than albumin to assess nutritional status. Therefore, the relationship between serum levels of prealbumin and osteoporosis in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was investigated. Methods: A total of 370 older adults with T2DM were divided into two groups: older adults with osteoporosis ( n = 249) and older adults without osteoporosis ( n = 121). Bone mineral density (BMD) and appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Serum levels of prealbumin, highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH) D3] were also tested. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between prealbumin and osteoporosis. Results: The adults with osteoporosis had lower prealbumin levels than those without osteoporosis (235.40 ± 60.66 versus 261.34 ± 55.28 mg/l, p < 0.001). The proportion of adults with prealbumin levels below the normal range was significantly higher in individuals with osteoporosis compared with those without osteoporosis (16.53% versus 4.42%, respectively). After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), anemia, handgrip strength and skeletal muscle index (SMI), logistic regression showed that participants with lower levels of prealbumin had a higher risk of osteoporosis [odds ratio (OR): 3.85; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.54–6.34; p = 0.004]. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that low levels of prealbumin were associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis in older adults with T2DM. Further longitudinal studies should be conducted to determine if there is a causative association between prealbumin and osteoporosis.

Association of Appendicular Skeletal Muscle to Trunk Fat Ratio with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Older Adults

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jie Cheng ◽  
Xuena Wang ◽  
Shinan Gan ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Ge Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Appendicular Skeletal Muscle

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Mounting evidence has demonstrated that skeletal muscle and visceral adiposity play crucial roles in glucose metabolism. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) to trunk fat mass (TFM) ratio (ASMI/TFM) is a more specific and identifiable factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older adults than conventional anthropometric measures. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This cross-sectional study included 1,370 older adults from the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) cohort. ASMI and TFM were measured by using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer, and T2DM was defined with the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Odds ratios (ORs) were evaluated using multivariable logistic analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The prevalence of T2DM is 20.0% in this study. The multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% confidence interval) of T2DM for increasing categories of ASMI/TFM, BMI, and waist circumference (WC) were 1.00 (reference), 0.70 (0.49, 1.02), 0.61 (0.42, 0.89), and 0.45 (0.30, 0.67; <i>p</i> for trend &#x3c;0.0001); 1.00 (reference), 1.15 (0.83, 1.60), and 1.37 (0.94, 2.01; <i>p</i> for trend = 0.10); and 1.00 (reference) and 1.78 (1.19, 2.74; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01), respectively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Higher ASMI/TFM was associated with a lower prevalence of T2DM in this study of older adults. The T2DM predictive value of ASMI/TFM may be stronger than BMI and WC in this population.

Mechanisms Involved in Glycemic Control Promoted by Exercise in Diabetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Francelino Andrade ◽  
Víviam de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Débora Ribeiro Orlando ◽  
Luciano José Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
World Population ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high glycemic levels for long periods. This disease has a high prevalence in the world population, being currently observed an increase in its incidence. This fact is mainly due to the sedentary lifestyle and hypercaloric diets. Non-pharmacological interventions for glycemic control include exercise, which promotes changes in skeletal muscle and adipocytes. Thus, increased glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and decreased insulin resistance through modulating adipocytes are the main factors that improve glycemic control against diabetes. Conclusion: It was sought to elucidate mechanisms involved in the improvement of glycemic control in diabetics in front of the exercise.

scholarly journals The effects of exercise training versus intensive insulin treatment on skeletal muscle fibre content in type 1 diabetes mellitus rodents

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. McBey ◽  
Michelle Dotzert ◽  
C. W. J. Melling
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Type I

Abstract Background Intensive-insulin treatment (IIT) strategy for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been associated with sedentary behaviour and the development of insulin resistance. Exercising patients with T1DM often utilize a conventional insulin treatment (CIT) strategy leading to increased insulin sensitivity through improved intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content. It is unclear how these exercise-related metabolic adaptations in response to exercise training relate to individual fibre-type transitions, and whether these alterations are evident between different insulin strategies (CIT vs. IIT). Purpose: This study examined glycogen and fat content in skeletal muscle fibres of diabetic rats following exercise-training. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Control-Sedentary, CIT- and IIT-treated diabetic sedentary, and CIT-exercised trained (aerobic/resistance; DARE). After 12 weeks, muscle-fibre lipids and glycogen were compared through immunohistochemical analysis. Results The primary findings were that both IIT and DARE led to significant increases in type I fibres when compared to CIT, while DARE led to significantly increased lipid content in type I fibres compared to IIT. Conclusions These findings indicate that alterations in lipid content with insulin treatment and DARE are primarily evident in type I fibres, suggesting that muscle lipotoxicity in type 1 diabetes is muscle fibre-type dependant.

The status of frailty in poor older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus or hypertension: the case of Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-309
Author(s):  
Javier E. García-de-Alba-García ◽  
Ana L. Salcedo-Rocha ◽  
Susana De-la-Rosa-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Status
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