scholarly journals Usefulness of CogEvo , a computerized cognitive assessment and training tool, for distinguishing patients with mild Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment from cognitively normal older people

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Takechi ◽  
Hiroshi Yoshino
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Older People ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Training Tool ◽  
And Training

scholarly journals Financial Capacity and Regional Cerebral Tau in Cognitively Normal Older Adults, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Christopher Gonzalez ◽  
Nicole S. Tommasi ◽  
Danielle Briggs ◽  
Michael J. Properzi ◽  
Rebecca E. Amariglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Financial Capacity ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

Background: Financial capacity is often one of the first instrumental activities of daily living to be affected in cognitively normal (CN) older adults who later progress to amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between financial capacity and regional cerebral tau. Methods: Cross-sectional financial capacity was assessed using the Financial Capacity Instrument –Short Form (FCI-SF) in 410 CN, 199 MCI, and 61 AD dementia participants who underwent flortaucipir tau positron emission tomography from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Linear regression models with backward elimination were used with FCI-SF total score as the dependent variable and regional tau and tau-amyloid interaction as predictors of interest in separate analyses. Education, age sex, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test Total Learning, and Trail Making Test B were used as covariates. Results: Significant associations were found between FCI-SF and tau regions (entorhinal: p <  0.001; inferior temporal: p <  0.001; dorsolateral prefrontal: p = 0.01; posterior cingulate: p = 0.03; precuneus: p <  0.001; and supramarginal gyrus: p = 0.005) across all participants. For the tau-amyloid interaction, significant associations were found in four regions (amyloid and dorsolateral prefrontal tau interaction: p = 0.005; amyloid and posterior cingulate tau interaction: p = 0.005; amyloid and precuneus tau interaction: p <  0.001; and amyloid and supramarginal tau interaction: p = 0.002). Conclusion: Greater regional tau burden was modestly associated with financial capacity impairment in early-stage AD. Extending this work with longitudinal analyses will further illustrate the utility of such assessments in detecting clinically meaningful decline, which may aid clinical trials of early-stage AD.

scholarly journals 12-year prediction of mild cognitive impairment aided by Alzheimer’s brain signatures at mean age 56

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
McKenna E Williams ◽  
Jeremy A Elman ◽  
Linda K McEvoy ◽  
Ole A Andreassen ◽  
Anders M Dale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Brain Age

Abstract Neuroimaging signatures based on composite scores of cortical thickness and hippocampal volume predict progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease. However, little is known about the ability of these signatures among cognitively normal adults to predict progression to mild cognitive impairment. Toward that end, a signature sensitive to microstructural changes that may predate macrostructural atrophy should be useful. We hypothesized that: 1) a validated MRI-derived Alzheimer’s disease signature based on cortical thickness and hippocampal volume in cognitively normal middle-aged adults would predict progression to mild cognitive impairment; and 2) a novel gray matter mean diffusivity signature would be a better predictor than the thickness/volume signature. This cohort study was part of the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging. Concurrent analyses compared cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment groups at each of three study waves (ns = 246–367). Predictive analyses included 169 cognitively normal men at baseline (age = 56.1, range = 51–60). Our previously published thickness/volume signature derived from independent data, a novel mean diffusivity signature using the same regions and weights as the thickness/volume signature, age, and an Alzheimer’s disease polygenic risk score were used to predict incident mild cognitive impairment an average of 12 years after baseline (follow-up age = 67.2, range = 61–71). Additional analyses adjusted for predicted brain age difference scores (chronological age minus predicted brain age) to determine if signatures were Alzheimer-related and not simply aging-related. In concurrent analyses, individuals with mild cognitive impairment had higher (worse) mean diffusivity signature scores than cognitively normal participants, but thickness/volume signature scores did not differ between groups. In predictive analyses, age and polygenic risk score yielded an area under the curve of 0.74 (sensitivity = 80.00%; specificity = 65.10%). Prediction was significantly improved with addition of the mean diffusivity signature (area under the curve = 0.83; sensitivity = 85.00%; specificity = 77.85%; P=0.007), but not with addition of the thickness/volume signature. A model including both signatures did not improve prediction over a model with only the mean diffusivity signature. Results held up after adjusting for predicted brain age difference scores. The novel mean diffusivity signature was limited by being yoked to the thickness/volume signature weightings. An independently-derived mean diffusivity signature may thus provide even stronger prediction. The young age of the sample at baseline is particularly notable. Given that the brain signatures were examined when participants were only in their 50 s, our results suggest a promising step toward improving very early identification of Alzheimer’s disease risk and the potential value of mean diffusivity and/or multimodal brain signatures.

scholarly journals Visual Object Discrimination Impairment as an Early Predictor of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 688-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie S. Gaynor ◽  
Rosie E. Curiel Cid ◽  
Ailyn Penate ◽  
Mónica Rosselli ◽  
Sara N. Burke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Inverse Function ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Object Discrimination ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Novel Object

AbstractObjective:Detection of cognitive impairment suggestive of risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression is crucial to the prevention of incipient dementia. This study was performed to determine if performance on a novel object discrimination task improved identification of earlier deficits in older adults at risk for AD.Method:In total, 135 participants from the 1Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center [cognitively normal (CN), Pre-mild cognitive impairment (PreMCI), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and dementia] completed a test of object discrimination and traditional memory measures in the context of a larger neuropsychological and clinical evaluation.Results:The Object Recognition and Discrimination Task (ORDT) revealed significant differences between the PreMCI, aMCI, and dementia groups versus CN individuals. Moreover, relative risk of being classified as PreMCI rather than CN increased as an inverse function of ORDT score.Discussion:Overall, the obtained results suggest that a novel object discrimination task improves the detection of very early AD-related cognitive impairment, increasing the window for therapeutic intervention. (JINS, 2019,25, 688–698)

scholarly journals Dual-task as a predictor of falls in older people with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease: a prospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Gonçalves ◽  
Juliana Hotta Ansai ◽  
Fernando Arturo Arriagada Masse ◽  
Francisco Assis Carvalho Vale ◽  
Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Older People ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Prospective Cohort

scholarly journals Precision Medicine Approach to Alzheimer's Disease: Successful Proof-of-Concept Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kat Toups ◽  
Ann Hathaway ◽  
Deborah Gordon ◽  
Henrianna Chung ◽  
Cyrus Raji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Neurodegenerative Process ◽  
Study Partner

Abstract Importance: Effective therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment are needed. Objective: To determine whether a precision medicine approach to Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment, in which potential contributors to cognitive decline are identified and targeted therapeutically, is effective enough in a proof-of-concept trial to warrant a larger, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Rationale: Previous clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease have pre-determined a single treatment modality, such as a drug candidate or therapeutic procedure, that may be unrelated to the primary drivers of the neurodegenerative process. Therefore, increasing data set size to include the potential contributors to cognitive decline for each patient, and addressing the identified potential contributors, may represent a more effective therapeutic strategy. Hypothesis: Alzheimer's disease is a multi-factorial network dysfunction that results from a chronic or repeated insufficiency of support for a neuroplasticity network; thus factors that increase demand — such as infections or toxin exposure — or reduce support — such as reduced energetics or trophic support — may contribute to the neurodegenerative process. Rectifying this hypothesized network dysfunction represents a rational approach to the treatment of the cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Design: Twenty-five patients with Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment, with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores of 19 or higher, were evaluated for markers of inflammation, chronic infection, dysbiosis, insulin resistance, protein glycation, vascular disease, nocturnal hypoxemia, hormone insufficiency or dysregulation, nutrient deficiency, toxin or toxicant exposure (metals, organic toxicants, and biotoxins), genetic predisposition to cognitive decline, and other biochemical parameters associated with cognitive decline. Brain magnetic resonance imaging with volumetrics was performed at baseline and study conclusion. Patients were treated for nine months with a personalized, precision medicine protocol that addressed each patient's identified potentially contributory factors, and cognition was assessed at t = 0, 3, 6, and 9 months. Trial registration and IRB approval: The clinical trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03883633), 1 and approved by the Advarra IRB. Support for the trial: The trial was supported by a grant from the Four Winds Foundation via Evanthea, LLC, and we are grateful to Diana Merriam and Gayle Brown for their interest, discussions, and support. Main Outcome Measures: Trained external raters evaluated the study subjects with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), CNS Vital Signs (a computerized cognitive assessment battery), AQ-21 (a subjective scale completed by the significant other or study partner), and AQ-C change scale (a subjective scale of cognitive improvement or decline, completed by the significant other or study partner). Follow-up brain MRI with volumetrics was carried out at the completion of the trial. Results: All outcome measures revealed improvement: statistically highly significant improvement in MoCA scores, CNS Vital Signs Neurocognitive Index, and AQ-C were documented. No serious adverse events were recorded. Conclusions and Relevance: Based on the cognitive improvements observed in this study of patients with Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment, a larger, randomized, controlled trial of the precision medicine therapeutic approach described herein is warranted.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Imaging Windows for Tau PET Imaging Using 18F-PI2620 in Cognitively Normal Individuals, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153601212094758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanisa Chotipanich ◽  
Monchaya Nivorn ◽  
Anchisa Kunawudhi ◽  
Chetsadaporn Promteangtrong ◽  
Natphimol Boonkawin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Scanning Time ◽  
Normal Individuals

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the appropriate uptake-timing in cognitively normal individuals, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, using 18F-PI 2620 dynamic PET acquisition. Methods: Thirty-four MCI patients, 6 AD patients, and 24 cognitively normal individuals were enrolled in this study. A dynamic 18F-PI 2620 PET study was conducted at 30-75 minutes post-injection in these groups. Co-registration was applied between the dynamic acquisition PET and T1-weighted MRI to delineate various cortical regions. The standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) was used for quantitative analysis. P-mod software with the Automated Anatomical Labeling (AAL)-merged atlas was employed to generate automatic volumes of interest for 11 brain regions. Results: The curves in most brain regions presented an average SUVR stability at 30-40 minutes post-injection in each group. The appropriate uptake-timing interval of 18F-PI 2620 was 30-75 minutes post injection for AD group and 30-40 minutes post injection for both cognitively normal individuals and MCI groups. Conclusion: Short uptake time around 30-40 minutes post-injection would be more comfortable and convenient for all patients, especially in those with dementia who were unable to stay motionless for long periods of scanning time in the scanner.

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