scholarly journals Maintaining post-grazing sward height of Panicum maximum (cv. Mombaça) at 50 cm led to higher animal performance compared with post-grazing height of 30 cm

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. B. Euclides ◽  
G. C. Carpejani ◽  
D. B. Montagner ◽  
D. Nascimento Junior ◽  
R. A. Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Sward Height

Sward height determines animal performance on limpograss (Hemarthria altissima cv. Flórida) pastures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laíse da Silveira Pontes ◽  
Karina Petkowicz ◽  
Giliardi Stafin ◽  
Taíse Robinson Kunrath
Keyword(s):  
Animal Performance ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Hemarthria Altissima

The effect of grazed sward height and stocking rate on animal performance and output from beef cow systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. WRIGHT ◽  
T. J. MAXWELL ◽  
A. J. F. RUSSEL ◽  
E. A. HUNTER ◽  
A. R. SIBBALD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Sward Height

How do animal performance and methane emissions vary with forage management intensification and supplementation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. W. Koscheck ◽  
E. P. Romanzini ◽  
R. P. Barbero ◽  
L. M. Delevatti ◽  
A. C. Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
Production System ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Enteric Methane Emissions

Context Yields from Brazilian beef-production systems do not always match the expected potential of a forage-based beef-production system. This efficiency is dependent on adjustments of grazing intensity and supplement utilisation to achieve higher bodyweight gain and lower methane emission. Therefore, more studies are necessary to evaluate the association between pasture management and supplement doses. Aims The aim of the present study was to determine nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility, animal performance, carcass characteristics and enteric methane emissions of young Nellore bulls grazing Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu pastures. Methods One hundred and forty-eight yearling bulls (230 ± 17 kg) were randomly assigned to a grazing-by-supplementation strategy that was designed to allocate three different sward heights with differing levels of supplementation during the wet season. Treatment combinations were (1) low sward height with high supplementation (LH-HS, 15-cm sward height and supplementation at 0.6% of bodyweight (BW)); (2) low height with moderate supplementation (LH-MS, 15 cm and 0.3% BW); (3) moderate height with moderate supplementation (MH-MS, 25 cm and 0.3% BW); (4) moderate height with low supplementation (MH-LS, 25 cm and 0.1% BW); (5) high height with low supplementation (HH-LS, 35 cm and 0.1% BW); and (6) high height with no supplementation (HH-WS, 35 cm). Key results Bulls in the HH groups had a greater herbage intake than did those in the LH groups (P < 0.01). Bulls in the LH-HS treatment resulted in a greater (P < 0.01) carcass average daily gain than that obtained with LH-MS, MH-LS or HH-WS treatment. Higher stocking rate with the LH treatment resulted in greater gains per hectare in terms of both BW and carcass (P < 0.01). Carcass yield was greater for bulls maintained with the LH-HS treatment (54.3% BW). Higher enteric methane emissions were observed from bulls under the HH treatments (P < 0.01). Conclusions Comparing carcass gains per hectare and low methane emissions, the present study indicated that pasture management towards a low sward height combined with 0.3% or 0.6% BW supplementation can result in a greater nutrient utilisation efficiency of bulls. Implications Results provided information to obtain better gains per animals and area, also decreasing methane emission of beef cattle production system.

scholarly journals Grazing Intensity Impacts on Herbage Mass, Sward Structure, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, and Animal Performance: Analysis of Brachiaria Pastureland

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1750
Author(s):  
Ana Cláudia Ruggieri ◽  
Abmael da Silva Cardoso ◽  
Fernando Ongaratto ◽  
Daniel Rume Casagrande ◽  
Rondineli Pavezzi Barbero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Sward Height

A 7 year experiment (2008–2014) evaluated cattle grazing intensity (sward height) effects on herbage mass, forage quality, and greenhouse gas emissions in continuously stocked pastures containing the tropical ‘Marandu’ palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich) Stapf cv. Marandu). The experiment consisted of three sward height treatments (15, 25, and 35 cm) and six replicates. There were four periods each year during the rearing phase. Significant effects were found for herbage mass, proportions of leaf and stem, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, animal performance, enteric methane (CH4), and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soils. When the canopy height increased from 15 to 35 cm, the herbage mass rose from 5.23 to 9.86 kg t ha−1, leaf percentage decreased, and stem percentage increased. Crude protein content averaged 14.2%, and neutral detergent fiber averaged 58%. Average daily gain averaged 0.67, 0.81, and 0.90 kg −1 head−1, while live weight gain ha–1 was 649, 530, and 439 kg for the 15, 25, and 35 cm treatments, respectively. The weather variables explained the GHG emissions, interannual herbage mass, and structure variations.

scholarly journals Animal Performance with and without Supplements in Mombaça Guinea Grass Pastures during Dry Season

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itânia Maria Medeiros de Araújo ◽  
Gelson Dos Santos Difante ◽  
Valéria Pacheco Batista Euclides ◽  
Denise Baptaglin Montagner ◽  
Rodrigo Da Costa Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Guinea Grass ◽  
Energy Supplementation

The objectives were to: 1) evaluate the potential of the animal performance on Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça (mombaça guinea grass) pasture during dry season, and 2) determine the effects of protein or protein-energy supplementation on liveweight gain of steers grazing guinea grass pasture. A complete randomized block design was employed with three treatments and three replicates. Treatments included non-supplemented animals (NS) and animals supplemented with protein (PS) or protein-energy (PES), provided at 0.15% or 0.6% of body weight for 115 days, during dry period. We used 36 weaned calves from initial bodyweigh (LW) of 192 kg (±5 kg) on nine plots of mombaça guinea grass (1.25 ha each). Each month, animals were weighed and pastures sampled to estimate forage characteristics. The average daily gain (ADG) was greater (P = 0.0001) for cattle fed supplement than for cattle fed no supplement (250 g steer-1), and greater for protein-energy supplement (770 g steer-1) than for protein supplement (460 g steer-1). Mombaça guinea grass pastures with 45 cm height at the end of the wet season have enough forage mass for maintenance throughout the dry season about 1.4 AU ha-1 (AU = 450 kg BW), and reasonable nutritive value (average of 8,1% of crude protein and 55,3% of in vitro organic matter digestibility) to provide small gains. Considering the nutritive value of Mombaça guinea grass during the dry period, protein and energy supplementation is required for weaned calves to optimize their performance.

Sward height determines pasture production and animal performance in a long-term soybean-beef cattle integrated system

2020 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 102716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taise Robinson Kunrath ◽  
Pedro Arthur de Albuquerque Nunes ◽  
William de Souza Filho ◽  
Mónica Cadenazzi ◽  
Carolina Bremm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Sward Height

scholarly journals The Effect of Frequency of Fresh Pasture Allocation on Pasture Utilisation and the Performance of High Yielding Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2176
Author(s):  
Jessica G. Pollock ◽  
Alan W. Gordon ◽  
Kathryn M. Huson ◽  
Deborah A. McConnell
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
The Other ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Utilisation Rate ◽  
High Production ◽  
Grazing Behaviour

Pasture allocation frequency (PAF) can influence pasture availability and grazing behaviour, which subsequently may impact on animal performance. Limited research to-date has investigated grazing management methods to improve the performance of high production dairy cows whilst also achieving high grass utilisation rates. This study evaluated the effect of three different PAF’s (12, 24 and 36 h) on pasture utilisation, the performance of high yielding dairy cows and the interaction with parity. The experiment included two 60-day periods, 90 spring calving dairy cows (27 primiparous animals) in period one and 87 (24 primiparous animals) in period two. The average pre-grazing sward height (11.4 cm) was similar for all treatments in both periods. In period one, pasture utilisation rate was significantly higher (8%) in the 36 h compared to the 12 h treatment. In period two, milk energy output was significantly greater for primiparous animals in the 36 h treatment relative to the other treatments.

Lamb growth performance and rate of finishing In relation to sward height and herbage mass on set-stocked swards

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 38-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lloyd ◽  
G. Swift ◽  
S. Swanston ◽  
A. Hunter ◽  
J. M. Doney
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Test Animal ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Lamb Growth

Experiments designed to test animal responses to sward manipulation suggest that ewe performance and lamb growth are positively related to herbage mass and thus sward height (1,2,3,). From this component research, it is suggested that to maximise herbage production and animal performance during the main grazing season, sward heights should be maintained within the range of 4 to 6 cm; herbage mass should not exceed 1600 kg DM/ha (4,2). This trial was set up to test the efficacy and sensitivity of this approach in a set-stocked, grass lamb finishing system.

scholarly journals Sward Structure and Herbage Accumulation of Massai Guineagrass Pastures Managed According to Pre-Grazing Heights, in the Northeast of Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Virgínio Emerenciano Neto ◽  
Gelson Dos Santos Difante ◽  
Angela Maria Quintão Lana ◽  
Nathália Rafaela Fidelis Campos ◽  
Emmanuel Lievio de Lima Veras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Height Measurement ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Dead Material ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Potential Tool

The forage sward height measurement is a practical and potential tool for grazing management. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the structure of pasture and forage accumulation related to sward pre-grazing height of Panicum maximum cv. Massai, before being grazed by sheep. The study was conducted in the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, Brazil. The treatments were the pre-grazing sward heights at: 35, 40, 45 and 50 cm. The post-grazing height was 15 cm for all treatments. The interaction between the pre-grazing sward heights and grazing cycles was only statistically significant for light interception (LI) and leaf area index (LAI). The LI had linear and positive effect to the pre-grazing heights in only one of three grazing cycles, with approximately 1% increase in LI for each centimeter grown in the sward. The total forage mass had linear regression, every centimeter increased in height, there was a correspondent dry matter (DM) increase of 187 kg ha-1 in forage mass. There was a linear response between leaf blade mass and dead material with sward height. The post-grazing lowest LI was 29.42% at 42.05 cm high. The lowest amount of LI was 29.42% at 42.05 cm high. The minimum LAI was 0.69. The top DM and mineral matter (MM) accumulation rate were linear and had 58.32 and 20.46 kg ha-1 day-1 MS, respectively. Massai guineagrass grazed by sheep must be handled between 35 and 40 cm high at pre-grazing when associated with post-grazing height of 15 cm.

scholarly journals Grasslands Kahu timothy: quality pasture for animal performance

1993 ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Stevens ◽  
M.J. Casey ◽  
J.D. Turner ◽  
G.S. Baxter ◽  
K.B. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Livestock Systems

Evaluations of Kahu timothy (Phleum prutense L.) included agronomy under mowing (1976-1979) and grazing (1980-1983), and animal performance from grazed pasture (1988-1993) and silage feeding (1989-1991). Agronomic testing showed that Kahu timothy was slow to establish, producing only 28% of the Grasslands Ruanui ryegrass (L.&urn perenne L.) swards in the 6 months after sowing. Frequent, close defoliation severely reduced the yields of timothy and caused losses of plants, reducing longevity. A less frequent defoliation regime with a residual sward height of 30-50 mm gave the greatest sustainable yields. Under mowing Kahu produced significantly less than S51 timothy in summer and winter but under grazing Kahu was superior in spring and summer, resulting in significantly greater annual production. Animal performance testing showed hoggets grazing timothy in spring grew at 218 g/day, significantly greater than the 164 g/day achieved on Grasslands Nui ryegrass. The spring stocking rate on timothy was also significantly greater than on ryegrass, though utilisation of the forage was similar. When fed timothy/red clover silage lambs fed in winter grew at 98 g/day while lambs on standard ryegrass/ cocksfoot/white clover silage averaged a growth rate of only 44 g/day. From the assessment of the physiological state of individual tillers it was observed that timothy had a significantly higher proportion of its tillers with growing points present above ground through late spring and summer than ryegrass. This is suggested as a major reason for the depletion of timothy populations -under close grazing. When grazed correctly in late spring and summer timothy can provide a perennial forage of high feeding value for livestock systems. Keywords: animal performance, Grasslands Kahu, pasture quality, Phleum pratense

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