Soil water dynamics and dry-matter production of old man saltbush-, native grass- and lucerne-based pastures in a variable summer-dominant rainfall environment, Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Murphy ◽  
S. P. Boschma ◽  
S. Harden
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Soil Water Dynamics ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Matter Production

Water use and productivity in sub. clover and murex medic swards. I. Dry matter production

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Blumenthal ◽  
RL Ison
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Matter Production

A field experiment was established at Forbes in central-west New South Wales to investigate the hypothesis that the pattern and efficiency of water use varies between genotypes of both (Trifolium subterraneum) and murex medic (Medicago murex), and that this would affect the success of these genotypes in this environment. To test this hypothesis the productivity of two lines of M. murex (CD26 and CD53) and four cultivars of T.subterraneum (Seaton Park and Woogenellup, and two recently released cultivars, Junee and Dalkeith) were compared. Genotypes were grown both with and without irrigation and soil water was monitored for the duration of the field experiment (1987-1989). Soil water use differed little between genotypes, but when differences did occur they were related to maturity grading of the genotype with the earlier maturing cv. Dalkeith using more water without irrigation, and the later maturing cv. Junee using more water with irrigation. There was no evidence of sub. clover dry matter yield declining with time; total yield over the three years exceeded 18 000 kg/ha for all cultivars. Murex medic dry matter yields were higher than sub. clover in the year of sowing; however, dry matter yield in swards was depressed in the year following sowing and weeds contributed more to total sward yield compared to sub. clover in the third year. Both hard and soft-seeded subclover cultivars proved to be equally successful in terms of dry matter production with different cultivars performing better in different seasons and under different irrigation treatments. Sub. clover cvv. Dalkeith and Junee were able to take greater advantage of available soil water early. in autumn than the other genotypes. It was concluded that water availability is not the only factor limiting sub. clover and murex medic dry matter yield in this environment.

scholarly journals Effect of Smashing Ridge Tillage Depth on Soil Water, Salinity, and Yield in Saline Cotton Fields in South Xinjiang, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3592
Author(s):  
Zhentao Bai ◽  
Hongguang Liu ◽  
Tangang Wang ◽  
Ping Gong ◽  
Huiqin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Opening Stage ◽  
Ridge Tillage

To explore the potential of smashing ridge tillage irrigation, it is necessary to investigate how smashing ridge tillage technology with mulched drip irrigation affects soil water, salinity, and cotton yield in saline fields. We conducted a two-year (2020–2021) field experiment to study the effects of different smashing ridge tillage depths on soil bulk density, moisture, salinity, dry matter production, yield, and its constituents (effective bolls, 100-bell weight). There were three smashing ridge tillage depths: A (20 cm), B (40 cm), and C (60 cm), with traditional tillage as the CT. The results showed that all of the smashing ridge tillage could reduce soil bulk density, improve the utilization and uptake of deep soil water during the rapid growth period, and reduce the soil salt content. Compared with the CT treatment, the average soil bulk density of the 0–60 cm soil layer in treatments A, B, and C in 2020 and 2021 decreased by 3.05%, 5.87%, 10.09%, and 1.65%, 4.48%, and 8.49%, respectively. The average soil water content in the 0–120 cm soil layer at the flowering and boll stage decreased by 3.68%, 6.28%, 9.04%, and 3.59%, 6.52%, and 9.98%, respectively; the soil salt content in the 0–120 cm soil layer at the boll opening stage decreased by 4.21%, 6.75%, 11.95%, and 5.47%, 24.25%, and 54.13%, respectively. Cotton dry matter production and yield tended to increase with an increasing depth of smash ridge tillage. Treatment C obtained the maximum dry matter production, seed cotton yield, effective bolls, and 100-boll weight. The dry matter production at the boll opening stage was significantly increased by 17.16% and 15.91%, and the yield was significantly increased by 65.24% and 84.14% in treatments C in 2020 and 2021, respectively, compared to CT. The smashing ridge tillage of 60 cm can optimize the structure of the soil tillage layer and also reduce soil salinity and increase yield, which is the suitable depth of smashing ridge tillage for saline cotton fields in the south of Xinjiang. The findings of the study can provide some theoretical basis and practical experience for the improvement of saline soils and sustainable agricultural development in South Xinjiang, China.

Simulation of the dry matter production and seed yield of common beans under varying soil water and salinity conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G.K. Adiku ◽  
M. Renger ◽  
G. Wessolek ◽  
M. Facklam ◽  
C. Hecht-Bucholtz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Matter Production

Water use by annual crops. 1. Role of dry matter production

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Ward ◽  
D. J. M. Hall ◽  
S. F. Micin ◽  
K. Whisson ◽  
T. M. Willis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Evaporation ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
Dryland Salinity ◽  
Annual Crops ◽  
Matter Production

In southern Australia, expanding dryland salinity is the result of increased deep drainage associated with widespread replacement of native perennial vegetation by annual agricultural crops and pastures. Although perennial pastures have been shown to assist in slowing salinisation, their adoption has been slow, and annual crops and pastures are likely to remain as the dominant land use for the foreseeable future. Therefore, understanding the water balance of annual crops and pastures, and how it can be manipulated, is important in trying to manage salinity. In this research we investigate the effect of varying levels of dry matter production on components of the water balance (soil evaporation, transpiration, soil water storage, and drainage) for annual crops at contrasting sites and soil types in south-western Australia. Dry matter production was controlled by fertiliser addition and crop rotation, and varied by a factor of up to 2, depending on seasonal conditions. Deep drainage was zero for most sites and years, but where it was greater than zero, there was no discernible effect due to production level. Out of a total of 14 site/year comparisons, the difference in soil water extraction associated with greater dry matter production averaged 5 mm, and was greater than 20 mm on only 1 occasion. However, high dry matter production was associated with greater transpiration, at the expense of soil evaporation. Manipulating dry matter production is unlikely to have a substantial effect on deep drainage and the expansion of dryland salinity in south-western Australia.

Dry matter production of green pea influenced by herbicides

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-380
Author(s):  
Erzsébet Nádasy ◽  
Gábor Wágner
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Green Pea
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