Social Interaction Promotes Risk Taking in a Stag Hunt Game

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary E. Bolton ◽  
Christoph Feldhaus ◽  
Axel Ockenfels
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Stag Hunt ◽  
Stag Hunt Game

Abstract We demonstrate that people are more willing to take risks in a stag hunt game when the agent of uncertainty is another person, thereby promoting cooperation. Recent social cognition research suggests an explanation for this pattern, which is based on the idea that games that align interests between subjects activate a trust mindset.

scholarly journals Changing diagnostic practices: autism spectrum disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Woodbury-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Nosology ◽  
Diagnostic Practices

SummaryIn medical practice it is crucial that symptom descriptions are as precise and objective as possible, which psychiatry attempts to achieve through its psychopathological lexicon. The term ‘autism spectrum disorder’ has now entered psychiatric nosology, but the symptom definitions on which it is based are not robust, potentially making reliable and valid diagnoses a problem. This is further compounded by the spectral nature of the disorder and its lack of clear diagnostic boundaries. To overcome this, there is a need for a psychopathological lexicon of 'social cognition’ and a classification system that splits rather than lumps disorders with core difficulties in social interaction.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Social Situation of Development on the Social Cognition in the Children-Orphans

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
T.V. Avakyan ◽  
S.V. Volikova ◽  
M.G. Sorokova
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Multifactor Model ◽  
The Social

The influence of a specific social development situation on the operational and motivational components of social cognition in orphan adolescents investigated. The theoretical basis of the study was the provisions of the "social situation of development" L.S. Vygotsky, theories of attachment by J. Bowlby, the multifactor model of social cognition A.B. Kholmogorova, O.V. Rychkova. 68 orphans aged from 10 to 17 years old living in the orphanage examined. It shown that orphaned teenagers with an insecure type of attachment have more difficulty in understanding their own feelings, regardless of the length of their stay in the institution. Orphans living in institutions for more than 5 years have a higher level of social anxiety and distress during social interaction.

A Note on Payoff Equivalence of the Volunteer's Dilemma and the Stag Hunt Game and Inferiority of Intermediate Thresholds

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedel Bolle
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Equilibrium Selection ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Public Goods Game ◽  
Public Project ◽  
Binary Decision ◽  
Stag Hunt ◽  
Volunteer’S Dilemma ◽  
Stag Hunt Game ◽  
Threshold Public Goods

The launch of a public project requires "enough" support from a group of 'n' players, i.e., a certain threshold has to be passed. The players may be differently important for passing the threshold; they may have different costs of support and different benefits if the project is launched. If players have only binary decision sets (participate or not, vote approvingly or not) this game is called a Binary Threshold Public Goods game (BTPG). We compare the expected equilibrium payoffs in BTPGs with the same costs and benefits but different thresholds. Applying two principles of equilibrium selection, the least and the most demanding threshold, namely "one supporting player is sufficient" (Volunteer's Dilemma) and "support by all players is necessary" (Stag Hunt game) are payoff equivalent for all players. Compared with the Stag Hunt game, all intermediate thresholds are connected with Pareto-inferior payoffs.

Can social interaction constitute social cognition?

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne De Jaegher ◽  
Ezequiel Di Paolo ◽  
Shaun Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Interaction

Wordsworth, Keats and Cognitive Spaces of Empathy in Endymion

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-73
Author(s):  
Renee Harris
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
William Wordsworth ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
John Keats ◽  
External Influence ◽  
Poetic Form ◽  
Anatomical Basis ◽  
Romantic Era

Eighteenth-century medicine provided an anatomical basis for the belief that our skin is not a barrier against but a channel to the feelings of others. Mutual adoption of the term ‘sympathy’ in medicine and moral philosophy exceeds metaphor to speak to the way Enlightenment and Romantic-era culture understood the body’s openness to external influence. While Romantic writers conceived of reading as an embodied social interaction between writer and reader, contrasting sentiments surfaced between those who celebrated the possibility for radical interconnectedness and those who feared the vulnerability of a penetrable self. William Wordsworth and John Keats experimented with poetic form to find how best to manage a reader’s engagement with the text and thereby shape their sympathetic faculties. Examining acts of reading in Wordsworth’s Prelude and Keats’s Endymion, I apply Giovanna Colombetti’s work on enacted spaces of empathy to show how Keats’s theory of feeling challenges Wordsworth’s and goes beyond Enlightenment models available to them to envision a more revolutionary model of social cognition. For Keats, poetry enacts a co-emergence of aesthetic experience where cognition and composition seem to occur between acts of writing and reading at the site of text.

Cross-fostering in rodents causes region-specific alterations in entorhinal cortical gamma rhythms associated with NMDA receptor dysfunction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Hall ◽  
Karen Hawkins ◽  
Grace Laws ◽  
Thomas Akitt ◽  
Anna Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gamma Rhythm ◽  
Gamma Rhythms ◽  
Cross Fostering

ABSTRACTThere has recently been a large increase in the number of children placed in foster care in the United States and Europe. While this is ‘the least worst scenario’ for those with a lack of appropriate biological care, it is recognised that these children are exposed to major stressors correlated with behavioural changes, particularly in the realm of social cognition into adulthood. Here we model foster care in rodents: rat pups are removed from their biological mother and placed with a non-genetically related dam. This prevented the entorhinal cortex from generating patterns of gamma rhythms required for normal parahippocampal function relevant to social interaction. These changes correlated with a reduction in NMDA receptor-mediated excitation, and changes in parvalbumin expression in interneurons. These data suggest that early life care delivered by a non-biological parent may disrupt social behaviour but, in contrast, generate neurobiological changes antagonistic to those currently associated with psychosis.Significance StatementCross fostering is an effective approach for delineating the effect of environment from genetic influences upon behavior. This involves removal of pups from one mother and transfer to another lactating dam. This manipulation is considered as a mild form of early life stress, producing neurobehavioral changes such as alterations in social interaction. We demonstrate that cross fostering produces changes in the ability of cortical microcircuits to generate oscillatory rhythms, in particular the gamma rhythm, in brain regions important for social cognition. This reduction in gamma rhythmogenesis is related to a reduction in synaptic drive provided by the NMDA receptor. One implication of this work is that the modulation of NMDA receptors offers a potential therapeutic strategy for disorders involving impaired sociability.

scholarly journals The social brain: allowing humans to boldly go where no other species has been

2010 ◽  
Vol 365 (1537) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uta Frith ◽  
Chris Frith
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
The Social ◽  
Closing The Loop

The biological basis of complex human social interaction and communication has been illuminated through a coming together of various methods and disciplines. Among these are comparative studies of other species, studies of disorders of social cognition and developmental psychology. The use of neuroimaging and computational models has given weight to speculations about the evolution of social behaviour and culture in human societies. We highlight some networks of the social brain relevant to two-person interactions and consider the social signals between interacting partners that activate these networks. We make a case for distinguishing between signals that automatically trigger interaction and cooperation and ostensive signals that are used deliberately. We suggest that this ostensive signalling is needed for ‘closing the loop’ in two-person interactions, where the partners each know that they have the intention to communicate. The use of deliberate social signals can serve to increase reputation and trust and facilitates teaching. This is likely to be a critical factor in the steep cultural ascent of mankind.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document