scholarly journals Good, homely, troublesome or improving? Historical geographies of drinking places, c. 1850–1950

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Kneale
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Places

scholarly journals Polarized nature of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: associations with population age structure and behaviours

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Okumura
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Population Age Structure ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Drinking Places

Abstract Background Although the scale of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic was relatively small in Japan compared with the rest of the world, the polarisation of areas into high- and low-COVID-19-incidence areas was observed among the 47 prefectures. The aims of this study were not only identifying the factors associated with the polarised COVID-19 pandemic in Japan but also discussing effective preventive measures. Methods This was an ecological study using online survey data which was cross-sectionally conducted by the author. A total of 6000 respondents who resided in 10 low- and 10 high-COVID-19 incidence prefectures, with a wide gap in terms of COVID-19 incidence, in Japan were recruited. Data on COVID-19 cases and geodemographic information were obtained from official government sites. Statistical analyses were conducted to compare variables between the two areas and age groups. Results This study revealed that that age influenced people’s behaviours and perceptions, except one behaviour of ‘wearing facemasks’. The major factors significantly associated with the cumulative number of COVID-19 cases per 100,000 people were ‘commuting by private automobile’ (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.444; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.394–0.501), ‘commuting by public transportation’ (AOR, 6.813; 95% CI, 5.567–8.336), ‘washing hands’ (AOR, 1.233; 95% CI, 1.005–1.511), ‘opening windows regularly’ (AOR, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.104–1.412), ‘avoiding crowded places (AOR, 0.757; 95% CI, 0.641–0.893), ‘non-scheduled visits to drinking places’ (AOR, 1.212; 95% CI, 1.054–1.392) and ‘perceived risk of contracting COVID-19’ (AOR, 1.380; 95% CI, 1.180–1.612). These factors were strongly associated with age groups. Conclusions Effective preventive measures for COVID-19 transmission can be developed by understanding the characteristics of populated areas, such as public transportation infrastructure and younger people’s movements and behaviours in relation to the population age structure to contain the current epidemic and protect the most vulnerable elderly people.

scholarly journals A useful marking method for free living mammals

Koedoe ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Young
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Desert Bighorn Sheep ◽  
African Mammals ◽  
University Of Pretoria ◽  
Marking Technique ◽  
Drinking Places ◽  
Connochaetes Taurinus ◽  
The University ◽  
Aepyceros Melampus

A paint-spraying device was employed for marking wild African mammals without capture. This relatively inexpensive marking technique, which had originally been used for the marking of American desert bighorn sheep at drinking places, was also successfully applied in the marking of impala, Aepyceros melampus, blue wildebeest, Connochaetes taurinus, Burchell's zebra, Equus burchellii antiquorum aud the African elephant, Loxodonta africana. The apparatus used differs in some respects from that originally described by Hanson (1964). It was also used for the marking of animals from a mobile unit and away from fixed drinking places. This paper is based on a part of a thesis, submitted to the University of Pretoria in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of D.Sc. (Wildlife Management).

Nightlife in the City

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Public Spaces ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Central Cities ◽  
Musical Performances ◽  
Movie Theaters ◽  
Drinking Places ◽  
The City ◽  
Mixed Gender ◽  
Negative Reputation

Today the term nightlife typically refers to social activities in urban commercial spaces—particularly drinking, dancing, dining, and listening to live musical performances. This was not always so. Cities in the 18th and early 19th centuries knew relatively limited nightlife, most of it occurring in drinking places for men. Theater attracted mixed-gender audiences but was sometimes seen as disreputable in both its content and the character of the audience. Theater owners worked to shed this negative reputation starting in the mid-19th century, while nightlife continued to be tainted by the profusion of saloons, brothels, and gambling halls. Gradual improvements in street lighting and police protection encouraged people to go out at night, as did growing incomes and decreasing hours of labor. Nightlife attracted more women in the decades around 1900 as it expanded and diversified. Dance halls, vaudeville houses, movie theaters, restaurants, and cabarets thrived in the electrified “bright lights” districts of central cities. Commercial entertainment contracted again in the 1950s and 1960s as Americans spent more of their evening leisure hours watching television and began to regard urban public spaces with suspicion. Still, nightlife is viewed as an important component of urban economic life and is actively promoted by many municipal governments.

Etosha and the Kaokoveld: Problems of Conservation in Namibia

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Cloudsley-Thompson
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Striking Feature ◽  
Endemic Plants ◽  
The South ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Drinking Places ◽  
Natural Springs

The mountainous Kaokoveld of northwestern Namibia contains numerous endemic plants and animals whose ranges, in many cases, extend into the Etosha National Park, an area extremely rich in game. Etosha Pan, the most striking feature of the Park, is bordered on the South by natural springs and artificial waterholes. These provide drinking places for the animals which congregate in large numbers and cause overgrazing and browsing pressure in the area. Migration to regions beyond the Park boundary is prevented by an 850 km-long game-proof fence. The main factors affecting animal populations are anthrax and poaching. Even so, the culling of Elephants becomes necessary from time to time, and the sale of ivory and other products helps to finance the operation of the Park.

Do Changes in Bar Opening Hours Influence Violence in the Night? Evidence from 13 Bavarian Towns

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falko Tesch ◽  
Lukas Hohendorf
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Closing Time ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Drinking Places

Changes in opening hours for on-premise drinking places may influence the level of alcohol-related violence in two ways. The increased availability of alcohol increases the risks associated with it, while restrictive opening hours may produce more occasions for crime due to overcrowding at closing time. We use a quasi-experimental design with data from 13 Bavarian towns with and without restrictive opening hours and a negative binomial panel model. The outcome measure is violent incidents reported by the police between 2:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m. over the period of 12 years. Incidents at night disproportionally increase over the study period in the sample. After controlling for daily violence as well as for an interaction between policy regime and violence level, we find that restricted opening hours are only beneficial within settings of a low daily violence level.

Drinking places: Young people and cultures of alcohol consumption in rural environments

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gill Valentine ◽  
Sarah Holloway ◽  
Charlotte Knell ◽  
Mark Jayne
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Young People ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Drinking Places

scholarly journals Kenya Game Department Report, 1950

Oryx ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 347-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Railway Line ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drinking Places ◽  
Mother Earth ◽  
Game Animals

For very many years the areas west of the railway line comprising Kibwezi, Makindu, Kiboko and Simba have been the mecca for numbers of the native poaching fraternity. A change exists. Now that game preservation has been strictly enforced, these skilled Wakamba hunters and experts in the use of bow and poisoned arrow have taken badly to existing conditions. Game animals ranging from elephant to dikdik in the past went through bad times in a grim endeavour to survive. Their drinking places during periods of excessive drought had their quota of poachers' hides, either hollowed out in mother earth or built on adjacent trees. Twang of bowstring had brought about in the minds of wild creatures a note inherited, conveying fear and alarm. Nothing on four legs was spared—females and young—easy food.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document