scholarly journals Miscanthus : A fast‐growing crop for environmental remediation and biofuel production

GCB Bioenergy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Congpeng Wang ◽  
Yingzhen Kong ◽  
Ruibo Hu ◽  
Gongke Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Growing Crop

scholarly journals Pyrolysis-GC/MS Analysis of Fast Growing Wood Macaranga Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-158
Author(s):  
R.R. Dirgarini J.N. Subagyono ◽  
Ying Qi ◽  
Alan L. Chaffee ◽  
Rudianto Amirta ◽  
Marc Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Flash Pyrolysis ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
High Yields

Py-GC/MS analysis of six different species of fast growing Macaranga wood has been studied. Flash pyrolysis was conducted at different temperatures (250-850 oC) under a flow of helium followed by GC/MS analysis of the products. The total pyrolysis yields of the six different species of Macaranga were mostly between 40 and 90% within the range of pyrolysis temperature applied.  Pyrolysis of the woody biomass produced compounds which are mostly derived from thermal degradation or volatilization of lignin and cellulose/hemicellulose, the original major constituents of the biomass. The Py-GC/MS technique indicated that M. gigantea was the most potential species for biofuel production and the optimum pyrolysis temperature to produce high yields of bio-oil was 450 oC.

scholarly journals Effectiveness evaluation of energy crops production as a biofuel sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (91) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
V. L. Nosko ◽  
O. V. Pavliv ◽  
A. Iu. Linnik
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Fast Growing

Energy crops are grown for energy purposes. Traditionally energy crops are corn and sugarcane which are grown for industrial scale ethanol, rapeseed for producing biodiesel, annual and perennial grasses, for example cane, miscanthus, cereal straw, as well as fast-growing tree crops for biomass production. The most interesting for the temperate climate zone of Europe are the fast-growing willow species. The interest in growing energy crops, which can be used as a renewable energy source, in European countries arose in the 1970s, which was related with rising prices for traditional energy sources. The growth of energy crops has been fueled by political decisions at the international level, in particular by documents such as the Renewable Energy Development Plan for Europe and the Kyoto Protocol. After some recession, landing areas for energy crops in the EU and North America have been stabilized. The fastest growing willow occupies the largest area in Europe. The average yield of willow wood in our experiments was about 50 tons per hectare at a moisture content of 45%, with a three-year biomass harvest cycle or 9.2 tons per year and dry matter from 9 to 15 tons per year per dry biomass, in depending on the conditions of cultivation, soil, clone. The weighted average cost of one ton of willow wood with a moisture content of 10% at an area of 100 hectares of plantation for its lifetime (22 years) will be $ 30.5. The cost of growing willow, transporting and shredding timber at a plantation area of 30 hectares is about $ 510 per hectare. About half of all biofuel production costs are depreciation deductions for the operation of special planting and harvesting equipment. The expansion of the plantation area 3–4 times compared to the base variant (30 hectares) allows to increase the profitability of energy production by 30–50%. The return on initial costs required to organize a willow plantation depends on the use of biomass. When replacing wood with traditional energy sources (natural gas), according to our calculations, the simple payback period is 3.8 years and the discounted time is 4.7 years, which corresponds to the time of harvesting the first biomass crop. With the direct sale of biomass on the market in the payback period increases to 6–11 years, which corresponds to the second or third harvesting period (with a three-year cycle). The unit cost of energy derived from willow wood is lower relatively to other energy crops, but 1.5 times and 1.8 times higher than that of natural marsh vegetation and straw, respectively. However, the additional interest in planting willow is due to their conservation value. The main indicators for calculating cost-effectiveness have been taken experimentally. The higher combustion heat of the above-ground part of the willow tree stand averaged 18500 kJ/kg. This is in line with the results obtained by other researchers for willow wood. The maximum specific heat of combustion of willow wood according to the results of experiments carried out in Sweden ranged from 18.3 to 19.7 MJ/kg, depending on the harvesting time and the willow clones. Therefore, we can confidently say that to grow energy willow is expediently and cost-effectively.

Miscanthus: a fast-growing crop for biofuels and chemicals production

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Brosse ◽  
Anthony Dufour ◽  
Xianzhi Meng ◽  
Qining Sun ◽  
Arthur Ragauskas
Keyword(s):  
Fast Growing ◽  
Growing Crop

scholarly journals Biofuel Production with Castor Bean: A Win–Win Strategy for Marginal Land

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Carrino ◽  
Donato Visconti ◽  
Nunzio Fiorentino ◽  
Massimo Fagnano
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Economic Implication

The urgency to reduce resource depletion and waste production is expected to lead to an economy based on renewable resources. Biofuels, for instance, are a great green alternative to fossil fuel, but they are currently derived from edible vegetable oils such as soybean, palm, and sunflower. Concerns have been raised about the social–economic implication and ecological impacts of biodiesel production. Cultivating new lands as biodiesel feedstock rather than food supply, with the consequent increase in food prices, leads to so-called indirect land-use change (ILUC). Establishing bioenergy crops with phytoremediation ability on contaminated soils offers multiple benefits such as improving soil properties and ecosystem services, decreasing soil erosion, and diminishing the dispersion of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) into the environment. Castor bean is an unpalatable, high-biomass plant, and it has been widely demonstrated to possess phytoremediation capability for several PTEs. Castor bean can grow on marginal lands not suitable for food crops, has multiple uses as a raw material, and is already used in biodiesel production. These characteristics make it perfect for sustainable biodiesel production. Linking biofuel production with environmental remediation can be considered a win–win strategy.

scholarly journals Nuclear, Chloroplast, and Mitochondrial Genome Sequences of the Prospective Microalgal Biofuel Strain Picochlorum soloecismus

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Raul Gonzalez-Esquer ◽  
Scott N. Twary ◽  
Blake T. Hovde ◽  
Shawn R. Starkenburg
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Draft Assembly ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Renewable Feedstock

ABSTRACT Picochlorum soloecismus is a halotolerant, fast-growing, and moderate-lipid-producing microalga that is being evaluated as a renewable feedstock for biofuel production. Herein, we report on an improved high-quality draft assembly and annotation for the nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial genomes of P. soloecismus DOE 101.

A peek in the micro-sized world: a review of design principles, engineering tools, and applications of engineered microbial community

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
Baizhen Gao ◽  
Rushant Sabnis ◽  
Tommaso Costantini ◽  
Robert Jinkerson ◽  
Qing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Global Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Synthetic Microbial Communities

Microbial communities drive diverse processes that impact nearly everything on this planet, from global biogeochemical cycles to human health. Harnessing the power of these microorganisms could provide solutions to many of the challenges that face society. However, naturally occurring microbial communities are not optimized for anthropogenic use. An emerging area of research is focusing on engineering synthetic microbial communities to carry out predefined functions. Microbial community engineers are applying design principles like top-down and bottom-up approaches to create synthetic microbial communities having a myriad of real-life applications in health care, disease prevention, and environmental remediation. Multiple genetic engineering tools and delivery approaches can be used to ‘knock-in' new gene functions into microbial communities. A systematic study of the microbial interactions, community assembling principles, and engineering tools are necessary for us to understand the microbial community and to better utilize them. Continued analysis and effort are required to further the current and potential applications of synthetic microbial communities.

Fast-Growing China's Hydropower Systems and Operation Challenges

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Tian Cheng ◽  
K. W. Chau ◽  
Xin-Yu Wu ◽  
Jian-Jian Shen
Keyword(s):  
Fast Growing
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