scholarly journals Impacts of management practices on bioenergy feedstock yield and economic feasibility on Conservation Reserve Program grasslands

GCB Bioenergy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1178-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K. Anderson ◽  
Ezra Aberle ◽  
Chengci Chen ◽  
Josh Egenolf ◽  
Keith Harmoney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Reserve Program ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Bioenergy Feedstock

scholarly journals Real time controlled sustainable urban drainage systems in dense urban areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Kändler ◽  
Ivar Annus ◽  
Anatoli Vassiljev ◽  
Raido Puust
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Urban Catchments

Abstract Stormwater runoff from urban catchments is affected by the changing climate and rapid urban development. Intensity of rainstorms is expected to increase in Northern Europe, and sealing off surfaces reduces natural stormwater management. Both trends increase stormwater peak runoff volume that urban stormwater systems (UDS) have to tackle. Pipeline systems have typically limited capacity, therefore measures must be foreseen to reduce runoff from new developed areas to existing UDS in order to avoid surcharge. There are several solutions available to tackle this challenge, e.g. low impact development (LID), best management practices (BMP) or stormwater real time control measures (RTC). In our study, a new concept of a smart in-line storage system is developed and evaluated on the background of traditional in-line and off-line detention solutions. The system is operated by real time controlled actuators with an ability to predict rainfall dynamics. This solution does not need an advanced and expensive centralised control system; it is easy to implement and install. The concept has been successfully tested in a 12.5 ha urban development area in Tallinn, the Estonian capital. Our analysis results show a significant potential and economic feasibility in the reduction of peak flow from dense urban areas with limited free construction space.

scholarly journals Bamboo as an Alternative Bioenergy Crop and Powerful Ally for Land Restoration in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Sharma ◽  
Jaya Wahono ◽  
Himlal Baral
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Bioenergy Crop ◽  
Land Restoration ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Bioenergy Feedstock ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Selection Of Species

The energy demand in Indonesia has increased significantly with its population growth, urbanization, and economic development. The growing concern of meeting energy demand while reducing dependency on fossil fuels has resulted in an increasing demand for renewable energy. As a country with a rich biomass base, bioenergy is now an important component of Indonesia’s energy agenda. However, a crucial problem in bioenergy production is the selection of species that can provide a sustainable supply of feedstock without having an impact on food security and the environment. In this context, we discuss the characteristics and benefits of using bamboo, a perennial grass, as a potential species for bioenergy feedstock in Indonesia. We describe the fuel characteristics of bamboo along with the possibility to align its cultivation, production, and usage with environmental and developmental agendas which makes it a suitable bioenergy crop in the country. In addition, its ability to grow on degraded lands, fast growth, long root system, and easy maintenance prove it as a powerful ally for the restoration of degraded land. We recommend in-depth research on the social, ecological, and economic feasibility of using this species for bioenergy production.

Nitrogen Dynamics Affected by Management Practices in Croplands Transitioning from Conservation Reserve Program

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 1677-1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upendra M. Sainju ◽  
William B. Stevens ◽  
Thecan Caesar-TonThat ◽  
Cliff Montagne
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Reserve Program ◽  
Nitrogen Dynamics

scholarly journals Leaf Spot Diseases on Winter Wheat Influenced by Nitrogen, Tillage, and Haying after a Grass-Alfalfa Mixture in the Conservation Reserve Program

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 785-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Krupinsky ◽  
D. L. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Reserve Program ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Tillage Treatment ◽  
Carry Over

When contracts for the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) expire, highly erodible land that had a long-term vegetative cover composed of grasses or grass-legume mixtures may be converted back to cropland. Considering that some of the same leaf spot pathogens found on grasses can cause diseases on wheat, the management practices used to convert these lands were evaluated for their effect on winter wheat leaf spot diseases. In a 3-year spring wheat-winter wheat-pea crop rotation, the major leaf spot diseases on winter wheat were tan spot and Stagonospora nodorum blotch. Removal of hay or leaving hay in the plots when converting grassland to cropland had no significant effect on leaf spot diseases, indicating that the residue from the grass-alfalfa crop did not influence leaf spot diseases on winter wheat. Tillage treatments did not influence the amount of disease in 1996, but with higher precipitation levels in 1999, higher disease severities were associated with the no tillage treatment. Higher levels of crop residue associated with the no tillage treatment could potentially carry over plant pathogens from one crop to the next. The severity of leaf spot diseases was consistently lower when nitrogen was applied, indicating the importance of nitrogen application when converting grassland to cropland.

Response of Beans to Fertilizer and Seed Treatment in Central Province, Zambia

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-385
Author(s):  
M. Bezuneh ◽  
F. J. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Central Province ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Bean Variety ◽  
On Farm

SUMMARYOn-farm research was conducted in Zambia between 1984 and 1987 to examine the performance of an imported bean variety and identify management practices that could result in higher and more stable yields and to examine their economic feasibility for risk averse smallholder farmers. Results showed that the Brazilian bean variety Carioca was superior to the local variety tested in terms of yield, net economic returns and reliability of performance, especially when used in combination with fertilizer and insecticide.

Agronomic response of six-row barley cultivars to supplemental fertilization and late-season fungicide treatments

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Jedel ◽  
J. H. Helm
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Fertility Treatment ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Kernel Number ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Positive Effects

Management practices such as the use of fertilizers and fungicides can have positive effects on grain yield and quality of cereals, especially where diseases are a concern. Six cultivars of six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were tested at two fertility levels (standard and high) with a late-season application of the foliar fungicide Tilt (propiconazole) to determine their agronomic responses to these management practices. In 1988, when yields were limited because of early season drought, only Leduc showed a positive yield response to the Tilt, even though it has the highest level of genetic resistance to scald and net blotch of the cultivars tested. In 1989, when yields were again limited by adverse environmental conditions, no response to Tilt was found. In 1990, when growing conditions during the season were excellent, Empress, Noble and Samson had positive responses to Tilt application. Tilt had no effect on grain protein, maturity, or harvest index; it slightly improved test weights and kernel weights and decreased percent thins; and it had variable effects on height, number of viable tillers m−2, and kernel number spike−1. Yield response to Tilt was not affected by fertility regime. High fertility (112 kg ha−1 N 37 kg ha−1 P) resulted in an overall increase in yield of 0.62 t ha−1 from the standard fertility treatment (84 kg ha−1 N 27 kg ha−1 P); decreased harvest index; delayed maturity in 1989 only; increased height, number of viable tillers m−2, and kernel number spike−1; increased protein content of the grain in 1988 only; and had no effect on test weight, kernel weight and percent thins. Because of the variability of response from year to year and cultivar to cultivar, the economic feasibility of Tilt application may be limited.Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., propiconazole, soil fertility, management

scholarly journals Effluent standards for developing countries: combining the technology- and water quality-based approach

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M.J. Ragas ◽  
P.A.G.M. Scheren ◽  
H.I. Konterman ◽  
R.S.E.W. Leuven ◽  
P. Vugteveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Effluent Standards ◽  
The Usa

It is a challenge for developing countries to realize socio-economical development without impairing water resources in an unacceptable way. A possible means for controlling water pollution is through defining, applying and enforcing effluent standards for wastewater discharges. However, in many developing countries the definition of effluent standards is still poor. They are either too stringent because they are based on standards from developed countries, or too relaxed and therefore they do not guarantee the safe intended uses of water. In order to define an approach for setting effluent standards that suits the needs and means of developing counties, water quality management practices in the USA, the EU, the New Independent States (NIS) and the Philippines were analyzed and compared. Four criteria (protection of the environment, technical viability, economic feasibility and institutional capacity requirements) were used to assess the suitability of these practices for developing countries. It is concluded that a combined approach that is based on best available technology not entailing excessive costs and environmental quality standards is the best way to define effluent standards that restrict water pollution against affordable costs.

scholarly journals Adoption of environmental practices on construction sites

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Ilse Rothbucher Thomas ◽  
Dayana Bastos Costa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Environmental Practices ◽  
Construction Activity

Abstract Sustainability on construction sites and its impacts on the environment have become increasingly relevant. Large quantities of materials, water and energy, among other resources of various types and origins, are consumed on construction sites during the production activities and by the temporary facilities. This paper aims at presenting a set of criteria for the adoption of sustainable management practices on construction sites aiming at mitigating environmental impacts produced during the construction phase. An in-depth case study was carried out on the new building of the Construction Chamber for the state of Bahia, Brazil. Different environmental impacts for each construction activity specific to the construction site were studied and an economic feasibility study of each solution was performed, followed by the implementation of these practices. Monitoring data was collected through checklists, indicators and periodic project management meetings. Participant observation and document analysis were also used as sources of evidence. The main findings refer to the identification of solutions, main difficulties in adopting such solutions, the development of indicators for monitoring low environmental impact on construction sites, as well as a set of recommendations for the deployment of sustainable practices on construction sites.

scholarly journals Rhizobium Inoculation and Chemical Fertilisation Improve Faba Bean Yield and Yield Components in Northwestern Ethiopia

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Getenesh Genetu ◽  
Markku Yli-Halla ◽  
Mekonnen Asrat ◽  
Mihiret Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Chemical Fertiliser

The productivity of the faba bean has declined in Ethiopia, owing to poor management practices, such as blanket fertilisation. In 2018, a field experiment was conducted in a Nitisol soil during the main cropping season in Northwestern Ethiopia, to determine the amount of chemical fertiliser and Rhizobium inoculant to be used for the optimum yield within economic feasibility. The experiment consisted of a factorial combination of five rates of blended NPSZnB fertiliser (0, 60, 121, 180 and 240 kg ha−1) and three rates of inoculant (0, 500 and 750 g ha−1). Sole chemical fertilisation, as well as inoculation, individually produced a seed yield of 2.3–2.5 t ha−1, about 1.0–1.2 t ha−1 more than the control. However, the maximum seed yield (3.3 t ha−1) was recorded from the combined application of both the chemical fertiliser and the inoculant. The seed yield correlated closely with the number of active nodules (R2 = 0.78 **), suggesting a substantial contribution of symbiotic N2 fixation. Inoculation increased the N content of the seed yield by at least 30 kg ha−1. Chemical fertilisation, containing at least 44 kg ha−1 of mineral N does not appear to have an adverse effect on N2 fixation. The combined use of 180 kg ha−1 blended fertiliser with 750 g ha−1 inoculant, producing a maximum net profit of 72,918 birr ha−1 (EUR 2232), is recommended for the study area. This study emphasises that (1) inoculation alone can produce as much seed as the maximum rate of chemical fertilisation, but (2) the maximum yield was produced with a combined use of inoculant and chemical fertiliser, by promoting the vigour of the nodules and N2 fixation.

scholarly journals Assessment of Integrated Weed Management Practices on Weed Dynamics, Yield Components and Yield of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in Eastern Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Nano Alemu Daba ◽  
Janmejai Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Hand Weeding

The experiment was conducted to assess the integrated effects of pre-emergence herbicides and hand-weeding on weed control, yield components, yield, and their economic feasibility for cost effective weed control in faba bean. The experiment consisted of 12 treatments viz. pre-emergence s-metolachlor (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg ha-1) and pendimethalin (1.0, 1.25 and 1.5 kg ha-1), each at three rates metolachlor, s-metolachlor + one-hand-weeding, pendimethalin + one-hand-weeding, two-hand-weeding, complete weed free and weedy checks arranged. The weed flora consisted of broadleaved and sedge with the relative densities of 81.02 and 18.98 % at Haramaya district, and 80.83% and 19.17%, at Gurawa district, respectively. Application of s-metolachlor and pendimethalin 1.0 kg ha-1 each supplemented with hand weeding 5 WAE significantly (p ≤0.01) affected the broadleaved weeds, sedges and weed dry weight at both sites. S-metolachlor 1.0 kg ha-1 supplemented with hand weeding 5 WAE gave the lowest total number of weeds (8.29 m-2) following the weed free check. Higher grain yield (3555.8 kg ha-1) was produced with s-metolachlor 1.0 kg ha-1 supplemented with one-hand-weeding 5 WAE following complete weed-free at Gurawa. The benefit gained from s-metolachlor and pendimethalin at 1.0 kg ha-1 each supplemented with one hand weeding 5 WAE were greater than the value recorded from the weedy check by 216% and 198 %, respectively. S-metolachlor 1.0 kg ha-1 supplemented with hand weeding 5 WAE treatment resulted in the highest grain yield and economic benefit. However, in case labour is constraint and s-metolachlor herbicide is timely available, pre emergence application of s-metolachlor at 2.0 kg ha-1 should be the alternative to preclude the yield loss and to ensure maximum benefit.

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