On the importance of accurate reporting: a response to comments on‘Biochar and its effects on plant productivity and nutrient cycling: a meta-analysis’

GCB Bioenergy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Stanley Harpole ◽  
Lori A. Biederman
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Accurate Reporting

Biochar and its effects on plant productivity and nutrient cycling: a meta-analysis

GCB Bioenergy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori A. Biederman ◽  
W. Stanley Harpole
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Plant Productivity

Interactions between plant growth and soil nutrient cycling under elevated CO2 : a meta-analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2077-2091 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIE-ANNE De GRAAFF ◽  
KEES-JAN Van GROENIGEN ◽  
JOHAN SIX ◽  
BRUCE HUNGATE ◽  
CHRIS Van KESSEL
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Soil Nutrient Cycling

scholarly journals DEFINING FRAILTY IN RESEARCH ABSTRACTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR STANDARDIZATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
E. YAKSIC ◽  
V. LECKY ◽  
S. SHARNPRAPAI ◽  
T. TUNGKHAR ◽  
K. CHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Deficit Model ◽  
Cumulative Deficit ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Review Criteria ◽  
Accurate Reporting

Multiple definitions of frailty are used. We sought to quantify the frequency that frailty is insufficiently defined in published abstracts. We conducted a systematic review of MEDLINE/PubMed for English abstracts of original research investigating frailty as an exposure or outcome in humans from 2015-2017. A complete definition of frailty included: 1) a named measure of frailty, including “frailty” alone, 2) details on variables included (e.g. grip strength), 3) number of variables included (e.g. 33-item frailty index), and 4) details on cutoffs or levels of frailty unless a definition was used continuously. Our search yielded 1,110 titles; 490 abstracts met review criteria, 348 abstracts had any definition of frailty and were included. Majority reported a single measure of frailty (n=313, 90%). The most commonly used measures were variations of Fried’s phenotype (n=167, 48%) and Rockwood’s cumulative deficit model (n=101, 29%). Only 56 abstracts had complete definitions (16%). In 123 abstracts (35%), a means of measuring frailty was named, but no additional details were given. When details of the frailty measure were described, they generally referred to cutoffs or levels rather than variables used in the measure. A minority of abstracts of original manuscripts related to frailty research had adequate definitions of frailty. We encourage scientists to adopt a standardized approach to defining the term for all abstracts related to frailty research to facilitate systematic reviews, meta-analysis, and accurate reporting of frailty science.

scholarly journals Compliance of systematic reviews in veterinary journals with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) literature search reporting guidelines

2017 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine C. Toews
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Journal Editors ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Accurate Reporting

Objective: Complete, accurate reporting of systematic reviews facilitates assessment of how well reviews have been conducted. The primary objective of this study was to examine compliance of systematic reviews in veterinary journals with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for literature search reporting and to examine the completeness, bias, and reproducibility of the searches in these reviews from what was reported. The second objective was to examine reporting of the credentials and contributions of those involved in the search process.Methods: A sample of systematic reviews or meta-analyses published in veterinary journals between 2011 and 2015 was obtained by searching PubMed. Reporting in the full text of each review was checked against certain PRISMA checklist items.Results: Over one-third of reviews (37%) did not search the CAB Abstracts database, and 9% of reviews searched only 1 database. Over two-thirds of reviews (65%) did not report any search for grey literature or stated they excluded grey literature. The majority of reviews (95%) did not report a reproducible search strategy.Conclusions: Most reviews had significant deficiencies in reporting the search process that raise questions about how these searches were conducted and ultimately cast serious doubts on the validity and reliability of reviews based on a potentially biased and incomplete body of literature. These deficiencies also highlight the need for veterinary journal editors and publishers to be more rigorous in requiring adherence to PRISMA guidelines and to encourage veterinary researchers to include librarians or information specialists on systematic review teams to improve the quality and reporting of searches.

scholarly journals Experimental and observational studies find contrasting responses of soil nutrients to climate change

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZY Yuan ◽  
F Jiao ◽  
XR Shi ◽  
Jordi Sardans ◽  
Fernando T Maestre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Manipulative Experiments ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Manipulative experiments and observations along environmental gradients, the two most common approaches to evaluate the impacts of climate change on nutrient cycling, are generally assumed to produce similar results, but this assumption has rarely been tested. We did so by conducting a meta-analysis and found that soil nutrients responded differentially to drivers of climate change depending on the approach considered. Soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations generally decreased with water addition in manipulative experiments but increased with annual precipitation along environmental gradients. Different patterns were also observed between warming experiments and temperature gradients. Our findings provide evidence of inconsistent results and suggest that manipulative experiments may be better predictors of the causal impacts of short-term (months to years) climate change on soil nutrients but environmental gradients may provide better information for long-term correlations (centuries to millennia) between these nutrients and climatic features. Ecosystem models should consequently incorporate both experimental and observational data to properly assess the impacts of climate change on nutrient cycling.

scholarly journals Comparison of the therapeutic methods (pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic) on prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-17
Author(s):  
Masood Shirmohammadi ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Somi ◽  
Morteza Ghojazadeh ◽  
Hossein Hosseinfard ◽  
Fatemeh Tahmasebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
P Value ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Rectal Indomethacin ◽  
Accurate Reporting

Background: Pancreatitis is considered as the most prevalent serious disorders of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Different approaches have been suggested to prevent or reduce this complication. Therefore we aim to investigate them in the current study. This systematic review was performed in 2019 using Pubmed, Embase, google scholar and Cochrane library. Two reviewers selected eligible studies and outcomes of interest were extracted. Meta-analysis was done by using the random or fixed-effect models. I-square statistic test was used for heterogeneity analysis. Material and Methods: Totally, 2758 articles were searched. Thereafter duplicated and irrelevant articles were excluded, and six articles were entered to the present study. Six RCTs were considered eligible with a total participants of 1685. Results: The relative risk of PEP was not significantly different in NSAID and hydration groups (Pooled RR=1.19, 95%CI: 0.40 to 3.50, P-value=0.74). The random effect model indicated no significant differences between NSAID and NSAID+hydration groups regarding the incidence of PEP (Pooled RR=2.19, 95%CI: 0.70 to 6.88, P-value=0.17). Conclusion: Additionally, the results of one study showed that rectal indomethacin alone appeared to be more effective for preventing PEP than no prophylaxis, PSP alone, and the combination of indomethacin and PSP. Using NSAIDs alone or the combination of NSAIDs and hydration can reduce the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Lack of studies comparing different approaches of prophylaxis in post-ERCP patient or the reporting of different parameters among the existing studies seriously limited the possibility and quality of meta-analysis. Further well-designed studies with accurate reporting of data is necessary to provide more reliable conclusion.

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