scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of wood anatomical traits and tree‐ring isotopes suggests site‐specific mechanisms triggering Araucaria araucana drought‐induced dieback

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina F. Puchi ◽  
J. Julio Camarero ◽  
Giovanna Battipaglia ◽  
Marco Carrer
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Araucaria Araucana

Araucaria araucana tree-ring chronologies in Argentina: spatial growth variations and climate influences

Trees ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio A. Mundo ◽  
Fidel A. Roig Juñent ◽  
Ricardo Villalba ◽  
Thomas Kitzberger ◽  
Marcelo D. Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Spatial Growth ◽  
Araucaria Araucana ◽  
Climate Influences

scholarly journals Impact of fertilization on tree-ring  15N and  13C in beech stands: a retrospective analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1437-1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Elhani ◽  
J.-M. Guehl ◽  
C. Nys ◽  
J.-F. Picard ◽  
J.-L. Dupouey
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Tree Ring

Tree-ring responses in Araucaria araucana to two major eruptions of Lonquimay Volcano (Chile)

Trees ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1805-1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Tognetti ◽  
Fabio Lombardi ◽  
Bruno Lasserre ◽  
Giovanna Battipaglia ◽  
Matthias Saurer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Araucaria Araucana

scholarly journals Annually resolved δ<sup>2</sup>H tree-ring chronology of the lignin methoxyl groups from Germany reflects averaged Western European surface air temperature changes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Anhäuser ◽  
Birgit Sehls ◽  
Werner Thomas ◽  
Claudia Hartl ◽  
Markus Greule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L ◽  
Calibration Study

Abstract. Stable hydrogen isotopes ratios of lignin methoxyl groups (expressed as δ2HLM) of wood have been shown to reflect the climate-sensitive δ2H values of precipitation (expressed as δ2Hprecip) modulated by a large uniform negative isotope fractionation. However, a detailed calibration study among temporal variabilities of δ2HLM in tree-ring series, site-specific δ2Hprecip and climate parameters has not been performed yet. Here, we present annually resolved δ2HLM values from nine tree-ring series (derived from four Fagus sylvatica L. trees) collected near stations of the Global Isotope Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) and the Deutsche Wetterdienst (DWD) meteorological observatory at Hohenpeißenberg (southern Germany; ~ 48° N, 11° E). The measured nine δ2HLM tree-ring series (common period of overlap 1916-2015) show a strong coherency as indicated by highly significant (p 

scholarly journals Multi-century tree-ring based reconstruction of the Neuquén River streamflow, northern Patagonia, Argentina

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3541-3575
Author(s):  
I. A. Mundo ◽  
M. H. Masiokas ◽  
R. Villalba ◽  
M. S. Morales ◽  
R. Neukom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Southern Annular Mode ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Streamflow Reconstruction ◽  
Northern Patagonia ◽  
Decadal Scale ◽  
Araucaria Araucana

Abstract. In most cases, gauged river flow records in southern South America exist for only a few decades, hampering the detection of long-term, decadal to centennial-scale cycles and trends. Long streamflow series can be reconstructed from tree-ring records, offering the opportunity of extending the limited hydrological instrumental data for several centuries or millennia. In northern Patagonia, Argentina, the Neuquén River has great importance for local and national socio-economic activities such as hydroelectric power generation, agriculture and tourism. In this study, new and updated tree-ring chronologies from Araucaria araucana and Austrocedrus chilensis are used to reconstruct the October–June mean streamflow for the Neuquén River and place the period of gauged flows, 1903–2009, in a long-term, multi-century context. The reconstruction covers the period 1346–2000 AD and was developed through a nested principal components regression approach using a network of 43 tree-ring chronologies grouped in composite series. Analyses of the frequency, intensity, and duration of droughts and pluvial events indicate that the 20th century contains some of the driest and wettest annual to decadal-scale events in the past millennium, but longer and more severe events can also be observed in previous centuries. Blackman-Tukey and Singular Spectral Analyses identified various multi-decadal quasiperiodic oscillations with a dominant 6.8-year cycle explaining ca. 23.6% of the total variance in the Neuquén River streamflow reconstruction. We also found that the Neuquén River discharges are related to variations in the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), a measure of air mass exchanges between middle and high latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. This association is consistent with previous studies which indicate a strong connection between rainfall patterns in northern Patagonia and SAM activity.

Large-cluster and combined fluorescent and gold immunoprobes

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 892-893
Author(s):  
Richard D. Powell ◽  
James F. Hainfeld ◽  
Carol M. R. Halsey ◽  
David L. Spector ◽  
Shelley Kaurin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Cluster ◽  
Sulfonyl Chloride ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Fab Fragments ◽  
Cluster Label ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Texas Red ◽  
Fold Excess

Two new types of covalently linked, site-specific immunoprobes have been prepared using metal cluster labels, and used to stain components of cells. Combined fluorescein and 1.4 nm “Nanogold” labels were prepared by using the fluorescein-conjugated tris (aryl) phosphine ligand and the amino-substituted ligand in the synthesis of the Nanogold cluster. This cluster label was activated by reaction with a 60-fold excess of (sulfo-Succinimidyl-4-N-maleiniido-cyclohexane-l-carboxylate (sulfo-SMCC) at pH 7.5, separated from excess cross-linking reagent by gel filtration, and mixed in ten-fold excess with Goat Fab’ fragments against mouse IgG (obtained by reduction of F(ab’)2 fragments with 50 mM mercaptoethylamine hydrochloride). Labeled Fab’ fragments were isolated by gel filtration HPLC (Superose-12, Pharmacia). A combined Nanogold and Texas Red label was also prepared, using a Nanogold cluster derivatized with both and its protected analog: the cluster was reacted with an eight-fold excess of Texas Red sulfonyl chloride at pH 9.0, separated from excess Texas Red by gel filtration, then deprotected with HC1 in methanol to yield the amino-substituted label.

The challenge of detecting modifications on proteins

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Elizabeth Smith ◽  
Adelina Rogowska-Wrzesinska
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Lysine Acetylation ◽  
Mass Determination ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
The Common

Abstract Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are integral to the regulation of protein function, characterising their role in this process is vital to understanding how cells work in both healthy and diseased states. Mass spectrometry (MS) facilitates the mass determination and sequencing of peptides, and thereby also the detection of site-specific PTMs. However, numerous challenges in this field continue to persist. The diverse chemical properties, low abundance, labile nature and instability of many PTMs, in combination with the more practical issues of compatibility with MS and bioinformatics challenges, contribute to the arduous nature of their analysis. In this review, we present an overview of the established MS-based approaches for analysing PTMs and the common complications associated with their investigation, including examples of specific challenges focusing on phosphorylation, lysine acetylation and redox modifications.

Sound Production Treatment for Acquired Apraxia of Speech: An Examination of Dosage in Relation to Probe Performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Julie L. Wambaugh ◽  
Lydia Kallhoff ◽  
Christina Nessler
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Practice Schedule ◽  
Practice Schedules ◽  
Baseline Performance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Number Of Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study was designed to examine the association of dosage and effects of Sound Production Treatment (SPT) for acquired apraxia of speech. Method Treatment logs and probe data from 20 speakers with apraxia of speech and aphasia were submitted to a retrospective analysis. The number of treatment sessions and teaching episodes was examined relative to (a) change in articulation accuracy above baseline performance, (b) mastery of production, and (c) maintenance. The impact of practice schedule (SPT-Blocked vs. SPT-Random) was also examined. Results The average number of treatment sessions conducted prior to change was 5.4 for SPT-Blocked and 3.9 for SPT-Random. The mean number of teaching episodes preceding change was 334 for SPT-Blocked and 179 for SPT-Random. Mastery occurred within an average of 13.7 sessions (1,252 teaching episodes) and 12.4 sessions (1,082 teaching episodes) for SPT-Blocked and SPT-Random, respectively. Comparisons of dosage metric values across practice schedules did not reveal substantial differences. Significant negative correlations were found between follow-up probe performance and the dosage metrics. Conclusions Only a few treatment sessions were needed to achieve initial positive changes in articulation, with mastery occurring within 12–14 sessions for the majority of participants. Earlier occurrence of change or mastery was associated with better follow-up performance. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12592190

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