Temperature‐driven harvest decisions amplify US winter wheat loss under climate warming

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-562
Author(s):  
Peng Zhu ◽  
Jennifer Burney
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Harvest Decisions

scholarly journals Modeling the Impact of Atmospheric Warming on Staple Crop Growth in China in the 1960s and 2000s

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Yongqiang Yu ◽  
Tingting Li ◽  
Lijun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
East China ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

Responses of crop growth to climate warming are fundamental to future food security. The response of crops to climate change may be subtly different at their growing stages. Close insights into the differentiated stage-dependent responses of crops are significantly important in making adaptive adjustments of crops’ phenological optimization and cultivar improvement in diverse cropping systems. Using the Agro-C model, we studied the influence of past climate warming on crops in typical cropping systems in China. The results showed that while the temperature had increased distinctly from the 1960s to 2000s, the temperature frequency distributions in the growth season of crops moved to the high-temperature direction. The low temperature days during the crop growth periods that suppress crop growth decreased in the winter wheat area in North and East China, rice and maize areas in Northeast China, and the optimum temperature days increased significantly. As a result, the above ground biomass (AGB) of rice and maize in Northeast China and winter wheat in North and East China increased distinctly, while that of rice in South China had no significant change. A comparison of the key growth periods before and after heading (silking) showed that the warming before heading (silking) made a great contribution to the increase in the AGB, especially for winter wheat.

scholarly journals Using MODIS LAI Data to Monitor Spatio-Temporal Changes of Winter Wheat Phenology in Response to Climate Warming

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Song ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Qiang Yu ◽  
Jianxi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Climate Effects ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Pixel Scale

Understanding spatio-temporal changes in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L) phenology and its response to temperature will be vital for adapting to climate change in the coming years. For this purpose, the heading date (HD), maturity date (MD), and length of the reproductive growth period (LRGP) were detected from the remotely sensed leaf area index (LAI) data by a threshold-based method during the harvest year 2003 to 2018 across the North China Plain. The results show that there was high spatial heterogeneity of winter wheat phenology in pixel scale across the whole area, which could not be detected in previous site-based studies. The results also verified that climate warming could explain part of the change in the HD. However, for the LRGP, the potential impact of non-climate effects should be further investigated. This study presents the spatio-temporal changes both in winter wheat phenology and corresponding mean temperature and then analyzes their relationships in pixel scale. Additionally, this study further discusses the potential impact of non-climate effects on the LRGP.

Morphophysiological monitoring of winter wheat in spring in the context of global climate warming

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Klimov ◽  
E. A. Burakhanova ◽  
I. M. Dubinina ◽  
G. P. Alieva ◽  
E. B. Sal’nikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Climate Warming

Molecular cloning and characterization of vernalization-related (ver) genes in winter wheat

1994 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Chong ◽  
Li-Ping Wang ◽  
Ke-Hui Tan ◽  
Hua-Liang Huang ◽  
Hou-Guo Liang
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Molecular Cloning

Ear growth, developmental stages and yield in winter wheat

Agronomie ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 537-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François LEDENT ◽  
Volkmar STOY ◽  
Helena AIRAKSINEN ◽  
Tomas PATKAI
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Developmental Stages

Relevant issues of land reclamation development in Non-black Earth area

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Georgiy Gulyuk ◽  
Aleksey Ivanov ◽  
Yuri Yanko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Edible Roots ◽  
Social Economic Development

Current situation and agricultural management on the non-black earth area of Russia arebeing gradually worsen by the negative natural factors such as a significant increase of weather based climatic abnormal risks, deterioration of agro-meliorative conditions of agricultural lands because of colonization by tree and shrubbery vegetation and secondary bog formation, hidden degradation of soil fertility. When combined with functional loss of ameliorative complex and meliorative systems amortization, regional agriculture adaptation possibilities were rapidly limited. Production shortfall due no abnormal weather conditions for particular field crops was 19…48% during last five years, level of business realization of bioclimatic potential on a field was decreased by 7…12%.The complete realization of regional agricultural adaptive potential to weather based climatic changes and limitation of greenhouse gases emissions is possible on a basis of regeneration ofalll functions and aspects of ameliorative complex management. Toward this goal the coordinated actions of federal and regional management of Agricultural Complex, Scientific and Educational institutions, project foundations and managers are needed in a relation to human resources, scientific and regulatory supply. Any incomplete treatment in these fields inherent in visual negative consequences for food security and social economic development of rural areas of non-black earth zones not only at the current historical moment, but in a future also. Fundamental influence of solving of these problems deserves to scientific supply of innovative ameliorative complex, renewal of which should be based on principals of resources and energy preservation, nature management, computerization and digitalization management. During a long term research it was established that increase of average vegetation period temperature by lоСhas increased productivity of winter wheat, barley and summer wheat in average on 0,7 tons per ha, winter wheat and oat on 0,4 tons per ha, potatoes – 8,2 tons per ha, edible roots-6,4 tons per ha, cabbage 9,8 tons per ha, dry basis of herbage of multi and one age grasses–0,5 and 0,7 tons per ha. Increase of СО2 Concentration from 0,35 to 0,45% during last twenty years contributed into grow of yield in regional agriculture which can be estimated as 0,3 tons per ha per measure; searching remedy for agroclimatical risks decreasing production became drainage and irrigation systems (decrease 3…5 times);new method of reclamation of abandoned areas with transformation of biomass of tree and shrubbery vegetation into biochar makes it possible to decrease СО2 emissions up to times and get an adverse balance of СО2;secondary reclamation of lands covered by trees and shrubbery on area of 22ha used for vegetables and area of 37ha used for forage crops could supply a farmer with work and revenue sufficient for maintenance of one child what is on the major facts of population declaim in rural areas.

The effectiveness of granular chalk use for growing winter wheat on grey forest soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
M. Tkachenko ◽  
N. Borys ◽  
Ye. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Grey Forest Soil

The research aims to establish the eff ectiveness of granular chalk use produced by «Slavuta-Calcium» Ltd. under growing Poliska–90 winter wheat variety, changing the physicochemical properties of grey forest soil and the wheat productivity. It also aims to establish optimal dosis of «Slavuta-Calcium» granular chalk as the meliorant and mineral fertilizer for grey forest soil in the system of winter wheat fertilization. In the temporary fi eld studies, various doses of nutrients N60–90–120P30–45–60K60–90–120 combined with «Slavuta–Calcium» granular chalk in a dose of Ca230–460–690 kg/ha of the active substance were studied against the background of secondary plowing of rotation products – soybean biomass that averaged 2.34 t/ha. Granular chalk is a modern complex highly eff ective meliorant with the content of Ca – 37.7 and Mg – 0.2 %, the mass fraction of carbonates (CaCO3 + MgCO3) makes at least 95 %. It is characterized by a high level of solubility when interacting with moisture in soil. It has a form of white granules, the mass fraction of 4.0–6.0 mm in size granules makes not less than 90 % and the one of 1.0 mm in size makes less than 5 %. Reactivity – 97 %. The granular chalk is advisable to apply on acidic soils, as a highly concentrated calcium-magnesium fertilizer, with the former as the dominant fertilizer, to optimize the physicochemical properties of the soil, as well as the plant nutrition system, in particular, increasing the availability of an element for assimilation by plants and as long-term ameliorants. The eff ectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers, in particular acidic nitrogen on highly and medium acidic soils, after chemical reclamation is increased by 30–50 %, and slightly acidic by 15–20 %. The increase in productivity of crops from the combined eff ects of nutrients and chalk granulated is usually higher than when separately applied. The eff ectiveness of the integrated action of these elements is manifested in the growth of plant productivity and the quality of the resulting products, as well as the optimization of physical chemical properties and soil buff ering in the long term. In order to optimize the physicochemical properties of the arable layer of gray forest soil and the productive nutrition of agricultural crops, winter wheat, in particular, biogenic elements should be used in doses N60-90-120P30-45- 60K60-90-120 with granulated chalk «Slavuta-Calcium» in doses of Ca230-460-690 kg/ha of active substance. Granulated chalk obtained as a result of industrial grinding of solid sedimentary carbonate rocks of natural origin, subsequently under the infl uence of the granulation process of the starting material contains Ca and Mg carbonates of at least 95 %, dense granules which facilitates convenient mechanized application, as well as chalk suitable for accurate metered application on the quest map. Key words: granular chalk, gray forest soil, chemical reclamation, crop productivity.

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