scholarly journals Global vegetation biomass production efficiency constrained by models and observations

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 1474-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue He ◽  
Shushi Peng ◽  
Yongwen Liu ◽  
Xiangyi Li ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Vegetation Biomass ◽  
Global Vegetation

scholarly journals On the potential vegetation feedbacks that enhance phosphorus availability – insights from a process-based model linking geological and ecological timescales

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3661-3683 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Buendía ◽  
S. Arens ◽  
T. Hickler ◽  
S. I. Higgins ◽  
P. Porada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Root Exudation ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Limitation

Abstract. In old and heavily weathered soils, the availability of P might be so small that the primary production of plants is limited. However, plants have evolved several mechanisms to actively take up P from the soil or mine it to overcome this limitation. These mechanisms involve the active uptake of P mediated by mycorrhiza, biotic de-occlusion through root clusters, and the biotic enhancement of weathering through root exudation. The objective of this paper is to investigate how and where these processes contribute to alleviate P limitation on primary productivity. To do so, we propose a process-based model accounting for the major processes of the carbon, water, and P cycles including chemical weathering at the global scale. Implementing P limitation on biomass synthesis allows the assessment of the efficiencies of biomass production across different ecosystems. We use simulation experiments to assess the relative importance of the different uptake mechanisms to alleviate P limitation on biomass production. We find that active P uptake is an essential mechanism for sustaining P availability on long timescales, whereas biotic de-occlusion might serve as a buffer on timescales shorter than 10 000 yr. Although active P uptake is essential for reducing P losses by leaching, humid lowland soils reach P limitation after around 100 000 yr of soil evolution. Given the generalized modelling framework, our model results compare reasonably with observed or independently estimated patterns and ranges of P concentrations in soils and vegetation. Furthermore, our simulations suggest that P limitation might be an important driver of biomass production efficiency (the fraction of the gross primary productivity used for biomass growth), and that vegetation on old soils has a smaller biomass production rate when P becomes limiting. With this study, we provide a theoretical basis for investigating the responses of terrestrial ecosystems to P availability linking geological and ecological timescales under different environmental settings.

Can elevated CO2 experiments explain the magnitude of the land carbon sink?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanyuan Zhang ◽  
Iain Colin Prentice ◽  
César Terrer ◽  
Trevor Keenan ◽  
Oskar Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Dynamic Global Vegetation Model ◽  
Fertilization Effect ◽  
Carbon Project ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Global Vegetation ◽  
Parameter Values

<p>Based on Free Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (FACE) and other raised-CO<sub>2</sub> experiments (eCO<sub>2</sub>), new hypotheses have been proposed to explain how the magnitude of the CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization effect on biomass and biomass production depends primarily on soil nitrogen and phosphorus availability [1,2]. To test whether these hypotheses and measurements from eCO<sub>2</sub> could explain the land carbon sink as independently determined from data and models, we combined a CO<sub>2</sub> response curve for biomass production with a simple two-box model of biomass and soil to simulate the evolution of the land carbon sink during the past century. Results were compared to Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) results, as reported by the Global Carbon Project, and to results from inversion studies based on atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> measurements. The interannual variability of the modelled land sink was realistic, dominated by the temperature dependence of heterotrophic respiration, and similar to DGVMs results. However, the magnitude of the derived land sink based on eCO<sub>2</sub> results was smaller, and its geographical distribution was different to DGVMs average. Sensitivity tests showed that these findings were robust to reasonable variations of parameter values. The smaller sink is due to the smaller amount of vegetation biomass increment documented by eCO<sub>2</sub> experiments in comparison with the mean predictions of DGVMs. A land sink closer to the observed one could be produced, however, when incorporating the hypothesis that nutrient-stressed plants export “excess” carbon (generated by increased photosynthesis, but unable to be used for growth) to the soil and that only a fraction of this excess carbon returns to the atmosphere.  This hypothesis requires further exploration but hints at a reconciliation between DGVMs that explain the land carbon sink without nutrient limitations, with experimental findings of (sometimes severe) restrictions on CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization due to nutrient stress.</p><p>[1] Terrer et al. 2016, Science, doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf4610</p><p>[2] Terrer et al. 2019, Nature Climate Change, doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0545-2</p>

scholarly journals Unexpectedly large impact of forest management and grazing on global vegetation biomass

Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 553 (7686) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Heinz Erb ◽  
Thomas Kastner ◽  
Christoph Plutzar ◽  
Anna Liza S. Bais ◽  
Nuno Carvalhais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Large Impact ◽  
Vegetation Biomass ◽  
Global Vegetation

Global vegetation biomass change (1988-2008) and attribution to environmental and human drivers

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Y. Liu ◽  
Albert I. J. M. van Dijk ◽  
Matthew F. McCabe ◽  
Jason P. Evans ◽  
Richard A. M. de Jeu
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Biomass ◽  
Global Vegetation

scholarly journals Seasonal time-course of the above ground biomass production efficiency in beech trees (Fagus sylvatica L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Heid ◽  
Christophe Calvaruso ◽  
Anjy Andrianantenaina ◽  
André Granier ◽  
Sébastien Conil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L

scholarly journals Production efficiency of green beans integrated with tilapia in a circular farming system of media-filled aquaponics

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. e0611
Author(s):  
Syafiqah Saufie ◽  
Abentin Estim ◽  
Sitti R. M. Shaleh ◽  
Saleem Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Green Bean ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Genetically Improved

Aim of study: To evaluate the biomass production of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in a media-filled aquaponics system together with Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia, GIFT (Oreochromis niloticus).Area of study: Kota Kinabalu, Sabah (Malaysia).Material and methods: The experiment involved modulating and optimizing the density of extractive species (plants) in the hydroponic tank (55 cm × 35 cm). Five treatments were carried out: T0 (control-without plant), T2 (2 plants), T4 (4 plants), T8 (8 plants), T12 (12 plants) where the stocking density of GIFT was 30 tails (identical in all the treatments). Water volume in each treatment was 800 L and the experimental set up was closed recirculating type. The trials were carried out over a period of 90 days.Main results: Growth of the GIFT was not affected by the presence of green bean or by manipulation of the stocking density. Treatment T4 yielded significantly higher biomass production of green beans (1556.4 ± 88.9 g), compared to T2 (1083.6 ± 86.9 g), T8 (404.6 ± 47.9 g), and T12 (401.8 ± 98.1 g). There were noticeable fluctuations in the concentrations of NH3-N (ammonia), NO2-N (nitrite), NO3-N (nitrate) and PO4-P (phosphate) over the experimental period that indicated the process of nitrification and absorption of nutrients.Research highlights: The nitrogenous waste produced by the fish supported the biomass of the green beans in the aquaponics system and the waste uptake of this extractive species is effective enough for reuse of the water for rearing of GIFT.

scholarly journals Production efficiency of corn for forage at different growing densities and harvesting times

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2407
Author(s):  
Mikael Neumann ◽  
Julio Cezar Heker Junior ◽  
Murilo Klosovski Carneiro ◽  
Lucas Ghedin Ghizzi ◽  
Edelmir Silvio Stadler Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Dry Biomass

The experiment was conducted at the Animal Production Center (Núcleo de Produção Animal – NUPRAN) of the Center for Agrarian and Environmental Sciences of the Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - UNICENTRO - CEDETEG Campus, Guarapuava, State of Paraná. This study aimed to evaluate biomass production, plant physical composition, chemical composition and dry matter contents of the plant and structural components of forage corn. The experiment was carried out in 5x5 factorial with five planting densities (80, 160, 240, 320 and 400 thousand plants ha-1), harvested in 5 times (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 days after planting). The harvesting time caused a statistical difference for all parameters, and the planting densities factor only caused statistical difference in leaf participation and dry biomass production. There was no interaction for any of the parameters evaluated. Forage corn, harvested in the vegetative stage, can be a great ally of the rural producer, since it presents high potential for food production with high nutritional value in a short period of time, and in significant amount with production of up to 14,720 kg ha-1 dry biomass reached at 80 days of cycle with 320 thousand ha-1, freeing the soil for the production of another crop.

scholarly journals Characterization and Polyculture Analysis of Microalgae Strains Based on Biomass Production and Nutrient Consumption, and Bacterial Community in Municipal Wastewater

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3190
Author(s):  
Weixing Liu ◽  
Dafang Fu ◽  
Ting Pan ◽  
Rajendra Prasad Singh
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Healthy Growth

Polyculture of microalgae could enhance biomass production. It is crucial to select the proper combination of microbial polyculture which can achieve a positive impact. Ten microalgae suitable for healthy growth in municipal wastewater were selected. Simulated wastewater was used to conduct experiments on the cultivation of single microalgae. Possible combinations of microalgae were analyzed from three aspects: the potential for conversion into biofuels, the consumption of different forms of nitrogen and phosphorus, and the structure of microalgae bacterial communities. From the perspective of converting to biocrude, Leptolyngbya boryana with high protein content was found unsuitable as a biomass raw material. Non-metric multidimensional scale analysis of different forms of nitrogen and phosphorus consumption shows the preference of the microalgae community for the use of nitrogen and phosphorus. By analyzing the bacterial community structure, it was found that microalgae have a significant impact on the bacterial community. We believe that it is more likely to improve the production efficiency of microalgae by establishing the combination of microalgae with high biocrude conversion efficiency, different nitrogen and phosphorus utilization preferences, and large difference in bacterial community structure.

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