scholarly journals Quantitative losses vs. qualitative stability of ectomycorrhizal community responses to 3 years of experimental summer drought in a beech–spruce forest

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. e560-e576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe T. Nickel ◽  
Fabian Weikl ◽  
René Kerner ◽  
Cynthia Schäfer ◽  
Christian Kallenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Summer Drought ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Community ◽  
Community Responses

scholarly journals Macroinvertebrate community responses to a dewatering disturbance gradient in a restored stream

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1771-1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Muehlbauer ◽  
M. W. Doyle ◽  
E. S. Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
Species Abundance ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Community ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Community Responses ◽  
Disturbance Gradient ◽  
Habitat Refugia ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Community Variability ◽  
Strong Control

Abstract. Dewatering disturbances are common in aquatic systems and represent a relatively untapped field of disturbance ecology, yet studying dewatering events along gradients in non-dichotomous (i.e. wet/dry) terms is often difficult. Because many stream restorations can essentially be perceived as planned hydrologic manipulations, such systems can make ideal test-cases for understanding processes of hydrological disturbance. In this study we used an experimental drawdown in a 440 ha stream/wetland restoration site to assess aquatic macroinvertebrate community responses to dewatering and subsequent rewetting. The geomorphic nature of the site and the design of the restoration allowed dewatering to occur predictably along a gradient and decoupled the hydrologic response from any geomorphic (i.e. habitat heterogeneity) effects. In the absence of such heterogeneous habitat refugia, reach-scale wetted perimeter and depth conditions exerted a strong control on community structure. The community exhibited an incremental response to dewatering severity over the course of this disturbance, which was made manifest not as a change in community means but as an increase in community variability, or dispersion, at each site. The dewatering also affected inter-species abundance and distributional patterns, as dewatering and rewetting promoted alternate species groups with divergent habitat tolerances. Finally, our results indicate that rapid rewetting – analogous to a hurricane breaking a summer drought – may represent a recovery process rather than an additional disturbance and that such processes, even in newly restored systems, may be rapid.

scholarly journals The impact of drought on total ozone flux in a mountain Norway spruce forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 280-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Agyei ◽  
Stanislav Juráň ◽  
Kojo Kwakye Ofori-Amanfo ◽  
Ladislav Šigut ◽  
Otmar Urban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Soil Humidity ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mild Drought ◽  
Norway Spruce Forest

In order to understand the impact of summer drought on dry deposition of tropospheric ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), we compared severe and mild drought periods of summer 2018 in a mountain Norway spruce forest at Bílý Kříž, Beskydy Mts. An eddy covariance technique was applied to measure diurnal courses of the ecosystem O<sub>3</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes. Low O<sub>3</sub> deposition was recorded in the morning and evening, while the highest CO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub><sup>3</sup></sub> fluxes were recorded during the central hours of the day. Total O<sub>3</sub> deposition during severe drought (soil humidity 13%) was significantly higher than the deposition during the mild drought period (soil humidity 19%). Our data indicate that high vapour pressure deficit and low soil humidity during severe drought led to the stomatal closure, while non-stomatal O<sub>3</sub> deposition, associated with chemical reactions of O<sub>3</sub> with NO and volatile organic compounds, are responsible for higher total O<sub>3</sub> deposition during the severe drought period. Therefore, we assume that under severe drought stomatal O<sub>3</sub> uptake decreases but non-stomatal depositions to forest ecosystems substantially increase.

Ectomycorrhizal community composition and function in a spruce forest transitioning between nitrogen and phosphorus limitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 20-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Almeida ◽  
Nicholas P. Rosenstock ◽  
Benjamin Forsmark ◽  
Johan Bergh ◽  
Håkan Wallander
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Phosphorus Limitation ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Community ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
And Function

Recovery of the ectomycorrhizal community after termination of long-term nitrogen fertilisation of a boreal Norway spruce forest

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Choma ◽  
Martin O. Rappe-George ◽  
Jiří Bárta ◽  
Petr Čapek ◽  
Eva Kaštovská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Community ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilisation ◽  
Norway Spruce Forest

Ectomycorrhizal community structure in a limed spruce forest

1999 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Jonsson ◽  
Stefan Kokalj ◽  
Roger Finlay ◽  
Susanne Erland
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Community

scholarly journals Assessing the Contrasting Effects of the Exceptional 2015 Drought on the Carbon Dynamics in Two Norway Spruce Forest Ecosystems

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 988
Author(s):  
Caleb Mensah ◽  
Ladislav Šigut ◽  
Milan Fischer ◽  
Lenka Foltýnová ◽  
Georg Jocher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Norway Spruce Forest

The occurrence of extreme drought poses a severe threat to forest ecosystems and reduces their capability to sequester carbon dioxide. This study analysed the impacts of a central European summer drought in 2015 on gross primary productivity (GPP) at two Norway spruce forest sites representing two contrasting climatic conditions—cold and humid climate at Bílý Kr̆íz̆ (CZ-BK1) vs. moderately warm and dry climate at Rájec (CZ-RAJ). The comparative analyses of GPP was based on a three-year eddy covariance dataset, where 2014 and 2016 represented years with normal conditions, while 2015 was characterized by dry conditions. A significant decline in the forest GPP was found during the dry year of 2015, reaching 14% and 6% at CZ-BK1 and CZ-RAJ, respectively. The reduction in GPP coincided with high ecosystem respiration (Reco) during the dry year period, especially during July and August, when several heat waves hit the region. Additional analyses of GPP decline during the dry year period suggested that a vapour pressure deficit played a more important role than the soil volumetric water content at both investigated sites, highlighting the often neglected importance of considering the species hydraulic strategy (isohydric vs. anisohydric) in drought impact assessments. The study indicates the high vulnerability of the Norway spruce forest to drought stress, especially at sites with precipitation equal or smaller than the atmospheric evaporative demand. Since central Europe is currently experiencing large-scale dieback of Norway spruce forests in lowlands and uplands (such as for CZ-RAJ conditions), the findings of this study may help to quantitatively assess the fate of these widespread cultures under future climate projections, and may help to delimitate the areas of their sustainable production.

scholarly journals Macroinvertebrate community responses to a dewatering disturbance gradient in a restored stream

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 9599-9630
Author(s):  
J. D. Muehlbauer ◽  
M. W. Doyle ◽  
E. S. Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
Species Abundance ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Community ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Community Responses ◽  
Disturbance Gradient ◽  
Habitat Refugia ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Community Variability ◽  
Strong Control

Abstract. Dewatering disturbances are common in aquatic systems and represent a relatively untapped field of disturbance ecology, yet studying dewatering events along gradients in non-dichotomous (i.e., wet/dry) terms is often difficult. Because many stream restorations can essentially be perceived as planned hydrologic manipulations, such systems can make ideal test-cases for understanding processes of hydrological disturbance. In this study we used an experimental drawdown in a 440 ha stream/wetland restoration site to assess aquatic macroinvertebrate community responses to dewatering and subsequent rewetting. The geomorphic nature of the site and the design of the restoration allowed dewatering to occur predictably along a gradient and decoupled the hydrologic response from any geomorphic (i.e., habitat heterogeneity) effects. In the absence of such heterogeneous habitat refugia, reach-scale wetted perimeter and depth conditions exerted a strong control on community structure. The community exhibited an incremental response to dewatering severity over the course of this disturbance, which was made manifest not as a change in community means but as an increase in community variability, or dispersion, at each site. The dewatering also affected inter-species abundance and distributional patterns, as dewatering and rewetting promoted alternate species groups with divergent habitat tolerances. Finally, our results indicate that rapid rewetting – analogous to a hurricane breaking a summer drought – may represent a recovery process rather than an additional disturbance and that such processes, even in newly restored systems, may be rapid.

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