Changes in temperature sensitivity of spring phenology with recent climate warming in Switzerland are related to shifts of the preseason

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 5189-5202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Güsewell ◽  
Reinhard Furrer ◽  
Regula Gehrig ◽  
Barbara Pietragalla
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Spring Phenology ◽  
Recent Climate

Recent climate warming and the Varas rock glacier activity, Cordillera Oriental, Central Andes of Argentina

GeoResJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateo A Martini ◽  
Jorge A Strelin ◽  
Eliseo Flores ◽  
Ricardo A Astini ◽  
Michael R Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Rock Glacier ◽  
Recent Climate

scholarly journals Do Himalayan treelines respond to recent climate change? An evaluation of sensitivity indicators

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Schickhoff ◽  
M. Bobrowski ◽  
J. Böhner ◽  
B. Bürzle ◽  
R. P. Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Recent Climate Change ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Response Gradient

Abstract. Climate warming is expected to induce treelines to advance to higher elevations. Empirical studies in diverse mountain ranges, however, give evidence of both advancing alpine treelines and rather insignificant responses. The inconsistency of findings suggests distinct differences in the sensitivity of global treelines to recent climate change. It is still unclear where Himalayan treeline ecotones are located along the response gradient from rapid dynamics to apparently complete inertia. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge regarding sensitivity and response of Himalayan treelines to climate warming, based on extensive field observations, published results in the widely scattered literature, and novel data from ongoing research of the present authors. Several sensitivity indicators such as treeline type, treeline form, seed-based regeneration, and growth patterns are evaluated. Since most Himalayan treelines are anthropogenically depressed, observed advances are largely the result of land use change. Near-natural treelines are usually krummholz treelines, which are relatively unresponsive to climate change. Nevertheless, intense recruitment of treeline trees suggests a great potential for future treeline advance. Competitive abilities of seedlings within krummholz thickets and dwarf scrub heaths will be a major source of variation in treeline dynamics. Tree growth–climate relationships show mature treeline trees to be responsive to temperature change, in particular in winter and pre-monsoon seasons. High pre-monsoon temperature trends will most likely drive tree growth performance in the western and central Himalaya. Ecological niche modelling suggests that bioclimatic conditions for a range expansion of treeline trees will be created during coming decades.

Recent climate warming forces contrasting growth responses of white spruce at treeline in Alaska through temperature thresholds

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1724-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wilmking ◽  
Glenn P. Juday ◽  
Valerie A. Barber ◽  
Harold S. J. Zald
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Temperature Thresholds ◽  
Recent Climate

Glaciers in the High Arctic and recent environmental change

1995 ◽  
Vol 352 (1699) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Geological Evidence ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya ◽  
Energy Balance Approach

High Arctic climate change over the last few hundred years includes the relatively cool Little Ice Age (LIA), followed by warming over the last hundred years or so. Meteorological data from the Eurasian High Arctic (Svalbard, Franz Josef Land, Severnaya Zemlya) and Canadian High Arctic islands are scarce before the mid-20th century, but longer records from Svalbard and Greenland show warming from about 1910-1920. Logs of Royal Navy ships in the Canadian Northwest Passage in the 1850s indicate temperatures cooler by 1-2.5 °C during the LIA. Other evidence of recent trends in High Arctic temperatures and precipitation is derived from ice cores, which show cooler temperatures (by 2-3 °C) for several hundred years before 1900, with high interdecadal variability. The proportion of melt layers in ice cores has also risen over the last 70-130 years, indicating warming. There is widespread geological evidence of glacier retreat in the High Arctic since about the turn of the century linked to the end of the LIA. An exception is the rapid advance of some surge-type ice masses. Mass balance measurements on ice caps in Arctic Canada, Svalbard and Severnaya Zemlya since 1950 show either negative or near-zero net balances, suggesting glacier response to recent climate warming. Glacier-climate links are modelled using an energy balance approach to predict glacier response to possible future climate warming, and cooler LIA temperatures. For Spitsbergen glaciers, a negative shift in mass balance of about 0.5 m a -1 is predicted for a 1 °C warming. A cooling of about 0.6 °C, or a 23% precipitation increase, would produce an approximately zero net mass balance. A ‘greenhouse-induced’ warming of 1 °C in the High Arctic is predicted to produce a global sea-level rise of 0.063 mm a -1 from ice cap melting.

Recent Climate Warming-Related Growth Decline Impairs European Beech in the Center of Its Distribution Range

Ecosystems ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1494-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Knutzen ◽  
Choimaa Dulamsuren ◽  
Ina Christin Meier ◽  
Christoph Leuschner
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Growth Decline
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