Resource subsidies between stream and terrestrial ecosystems under global change

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 2489-2504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Larsen ◽  
Jeffrey D. Muehlbauer ◽  
Eugenia Marti
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Resource Subsidies

scholarly journals On the biogeography of salt limitation: A study of ant communities

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (46) ◽  
pp. 17848-17851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kaspari ◽  
Stephen P. Yanoviak ◽  
Robert Dudley
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
New World ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Ant Communities ◽  
Sodium Toxicity ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Essential Nutrient

Sodium is an essential nutrient whose deposition in rainfall decreases with distance inland. The herbivores and microbial decomposers that feed on sodium-poor vegetation should be particularly constrained along gradients of decreasing sodium. We studied the use of sucrose and NaCl baits in 17 New World ant communities located 4–2757 km inland. Sodium use was higher in genera and subfamilies characterized as omnivores/herbivores compared with those classified as carnivores and was lower in communities embedded in forest litter than in those embedded in abundant vegetation. Sodium use was increased in ant communities further inland, as was preference for the baits with the highest sodium concentration. Sucrose use, a measure of ant activity, peaked in communities 10–100 km inland. We suggest that the geography of ant activity is shaped by sodium toxicity near the shore and by sodium deficit farther inland. Given the importance of ants in terrestrial ecosystems, changing patterns of rainfall with global change may ramify through inland food webs.

scholarly journals Phenotypic plasticity mediates climate change responses among invasive and indigenous arthropods

2007 ◽  
Vol 274 (1625) ◽  
pp. 2531-2537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L Chown ◽  
Sarette Slabber ◽  
Melodie A McGeoch ◽  
Charlene Janion ◽  
Hans Petter Leinaas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Change Type ◽  
Climate Change Responses

Synergies between global change and biological invasion have been identified as a major potential threat to global biodiversity and human welfare. The global change-type drought characteristic of many temperate terrestrial ecosystems is especially significant because it will apparently favour invasive over indigenous species, adding to the burden of conservation and compromising ecosystem service delivery. However, the nature of and mechanisms underlying this synergy remain poorly explored. Here we show that in a temperate terrestrial ecosystem, invasive and indigenous springtail species differ in the form of their phenotypic plasticity such that warmer conditions promote survival of desiccation in the invasive species and reduce it in the indigenous ones. These differences are consistent with significant declines in the densities of indigenous species and little change in those of invasive species in a manipulative field experiment that mimicked climate change trends. We suggest that it is not so much the extent of phenotypic plasticity that distinguishes climate change responses among these invasive and indigenous species, as the form that this plasticity takes. Nonetheless, this differential physiological response provides support for the idea that in temperate terrestrial systems experiencing global change-type drought, invasive species may well be at an advantage relative to their indigenous counterparts.

Exploring the effects of biodiversity and elemental stoichiometry on terrestrial carbon balance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Fernández-Martínez ◽  
Jordi Sardans ◽  
Josep Peñuelas ◽  
Ivan Janssens
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Terrestrial Carbon ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Elemental Stoichiometry ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon Balance

<p>Global change is affecting the capacity of terrestrial ecosystems to sequester carbon. While the effect of climate on ecosystem carbon balance has largely been explored, the role of other potentially important factors that may shift with global change, such as biodiversity and the concentration of nutrients remains elusive. More diverse ecosystems have been shown to be more productive and stable over time and differences in foliar concentrations of N and P are related to large differences in how primary producers function. Here, we used 89 eddy-covariance sites included in the FLUXNET 2015 database, from which we compiled information on climate, species abundance and elemental composition of the main species. With these data, we assessed the relative importance of climate, endogenous factors, biodiversity and community-weighted concentrations of foliar N and P on terrestrial carbon balance. Climate and endogenous factors, such as stand age, are the main determinants of terrestrial C balance and their interannual variability in all types of ecosystems. Elemental stoichiometry, though, played a significant role affecting photosynthesis, an effect that propagates through ecosystem respiration and carbon sequestration. Biodiversity, instead, had a very limited effect on terrestrial carbon balance. We found increased respiration rates and more stable gross primary production with increasing diversity. Our results are the first attempt to investigate the role of biodiversity and the elemental composition of terrestrial ecosystems in ecosystem carbon balance.</p>

Global change, soil biodiversity, and nitrogen cycling in terrestrial ecosystems: three case studies

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 729-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. SWIFT ◽  
O. ANDRÉN ◽  
L. BRUSSAARD ◽  
M. BRIONES ◽  
M. -M. COUTEAUX ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Biodiversity

Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems: An Initial Integration

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Steffen ◽  
John S. I. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems

Future challenges in coupled C–N–P cycle models for terrestrial ecosystems under global change: a review

2016 ◽  
Vol 131 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 173-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Achat ◽  
Laurent Augusto ◽  
Anne Gallet-Budynek ◽  
Denis Loustau
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
P Cycle

Impacts of global change on peak vegetation growth and its timing in terrestrial ecosystems of the continental US

2021 ◽  
pp. 103657
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Chaoyang Wu ◽  
Xiaoyue Wang ◽  
Rachhpal S. Jassal ◽  
Alemu Gonsamo
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Vegetation Growth
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